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Topic: Ridolfi Plot

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Babington Plot

Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk

Anthony Babington

Mary I of Scotland

Elizabeth I of England

Marie de Guise

Francis Throckmorton

Thomas Howard

Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk

Mary I of England

Siege of Haarlem

	Ridolfi plot
		The Ridolfi plot was a Roman Catholic plot of 1570 to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary I of Scotland.
		However, the activities of Sir John Hawkins[?] and the detention in England of Spanish ships carrying large sums of monry destined for their armies in the Netherlands caused a worsening of relations between England and Spain, and the Spanish, encouraged by petitions from English Catholics for deliverance, went ahead.
		Although unsuccessful, the plot concentrated the minds of the English government on assassination attempts on Elizabeth, and, more importantly, exacerbated the Puritan demand that Mary be executed in order to safeguard the English church and state.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ri/Ridolfi_plot.html (246 words)

	The National Archives \| Research, education & online exhibitions \| Exhibitions \| Secrets and Spies
		The Babington plot, which was the undoing of Mary, Queen of Scots, was one of several conspiracies against Elizabeth I that were uncovered.
		In 1571 a plot was discovered involving Philip II of Spain, Pope Pius V and the Duke of Norfolk, as well as Mary’s advisor, the Bishop of Ross, and Mary herself.
		Ridolfi traveled to Rome and Madrid to raise support for an invasion of eastern England and an uprising of Catholics, which would be followed by the marriage of the Duke of Norfolk to Mary, Queen of Scots, who would seize the English throne.
	www.nationalarchives.gov.uk /spies/ciphers/mary/ma3.htm (298 words)

	The Ridolfi Plot
		In 1571 a plot was discovered involving Felipe II of Spain, Pope Pious V and the Duke of Norfolk, as well as Mary, Queen of Scot’s advisor, Leslie, Bishop of Ross, and Mary herself.
		Ridolfi called for Spain to intervene with troops to support the marriage and put Mary on the throne.
		Ridolfi was abroad when the plot was uncovered and escaped this fate.
	www.tudorplace.com.ar /Documents/ridolfi_plot.htm (293 words)

	[No title]
		This plot was led by Roberto di Ridolfi (an Italian conspirator) to overthrow Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots on the throne.
		The core of the plot was to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and use the Spanish Army to conquer parts of England.
		This plot was led by Anthony Babington to overthrow Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots on the throne.
	www.tqnyc.org /NYC051299/BookProjects/qe1_sum.htm (955 words)

	The Gunpowder Plot Society
		Roberto Ridolfi, an energetic and imaginative Florentine banker, who had already been in Walsingham's custody for his implication in the events of 1569, acted as papal agent and intermediary between Mary, her agent, the bishop of Ross, her English supporters, and Spain.
		An extensive, overmanned, and vulnerable conspiratorial network, including the servants of the principal participants, planned the release of the Scottish queen, her marriage to the duke, and, with Spanish military assistance, Elizabeth's removal in favour of Mary and the restoration of Catholicism in England.
		The Ridolfi plot was exposed more as a result of a series of accidents than of deliberate official investigation.
	www.gunpowder-plot.org /ridolfi.asp (701 words)

	Ridolfi Plot - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Ridolfi Plot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Conspiracy of 1571 led by the Italian banker Roberto Ridolfi with Spanish and papal backing to replace Elizabeth I with Mary Queen of Scots.
		Ridolfi was overseas at the time but another conspirator, Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, was executed the following year.
		Mary was placed in stricter confinement as a result of the plot.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Ridolfi+plot (142 words)

	Ridolfi plot - Bvio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		== Discovery == Charles Baillie, a Scot favourable to Mary's party, was arrested at Dover carrying compromising letters, and revealed the existence of the plot under torture.
		== Consequences == Although unsuccessful, the plot concentrated the minds of the English government on assassination attempts on Elizabeth, and, more importantly, exacerbated the Puritan demand that Mary be executed in order to safeguard the English church and state.
		After the Babington plot failed, Elizabeth had Mary thrown into prison and later executed.
	bvio.com /Bvio/index.php/Ridolfi_plot (277 words)

	SparkNotes: Queen Elizabeth I: Important Terms, People, and Events
		Ridolfi Plot - A 1570 to 1571 plot led by an Italian conspirator (Roberto di Ridolfi) to overthrow Elizabeth and install Mary Queen of Scots on the throne of England.
		The plot involved assassinating Elizabeth and using the Spanish Army to conquer the countryside.
		When the plot was detected, Mary suspected Elizabeth of complicity and imprisoned her in the Tower of London.
	www.sparknotes.com /biography/elizabeth/terms.html (1306 words)

	[No title]
		The three main plots that were plans of her assassinations were the Ridolfi Plot, the Duke de Guise Plot, and the Babington Plot.
		The Ridolfi Plot and Babington Plot both were plans to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots, a Catholic believer.
		However, the plan of the last plot, the Babington Plot was detected and exposed by Francis Walsingham in which Mary Queen of Scots was pleaded guilty for the complicity of this plot to overthrow the Queen and was later executed.
	www.tqnyc.org /NYC051299/BookProjects/qe1_ta.htm (614 words)

	Agecroft Hall, Richmond, Virginia - Gloriana: Elizabeth I (1533-1603) - Elizabeth Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Plots surrounding her named successor would arise, and the people would fixate on the next ascendant to the throne.
		With the assistance of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, Ridolfi plotted to remove Elizabeth from the throne and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots.
		After the Ridolfi plot, Parliament was furious with Mary and advocated her execution.
	www.agecrofthall.com /Gloriana/pages/articles.htm (3526 words)

	World history and events in 1569 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Involved in the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Elizabeth I
		Involved in the Ridolfi plot to marry Howard to Mary Queen of Scots
		Ridolfi plans an invasion of England & the marriage of Thomas Howard to Mary
	www.badley.info /history/1569.year.html (568 words)

	Gloriana: The Life and Reign of Elizabeth I
		In 1572, the Duke of Norfolk, involved in the Ridolfi plot and with the captive Mary of Scotland, executed.
		A plot by Fancis Throckmorton is discovered for a Spanish invasion of England and Elizabeth's overthrow.
		Plot discovered by Francis Babington to assassinate the Queen, with the express knowledge and approval of the Queen of Scots, to replace Elizabeth on the throne.
	elizabethtudor.150m.com (2597 words)

	Bringing Down A Queen: A Research Paper Analyzing The Babington Plot Of 1586
		This plot threatened the assassination of Elizabeth I and the accession of Mary to the English throne but yielded, in Walsingham’s service, the crucial evidence that would result in the execution of Mary.
		The Babington plot originated amid volatile foreign affairs that threatened the realm and crown of Elizabeth I. The volatility of these affairs was in large part due to the religio-political upheaval between Catholics and Protestants throughout Europe.
		The Babington plot initially consisted of two separate plots: a plot by the Spanish to invade England and raise Mary to the English throne and another plot to assassinate Elizabeth.
	anduril.ca /bible/essays/ce_his228.html (4547 words)

	Mary Queen of Scots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The so-called Ridolfi Plot had the backing of the Pope, Philip of Spain and Mary herself.
		Norfolk was arrested and executed and the plot collapsed.
		Ridolfi returned to Florence where he lived out the rest of his life.
	www.learn-ict.org.uk /resources/kellyeye/mqs/biog06.htm (105 words)

	Captivity & Plots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This was the beginning of a series of plots against the English Protestant crown carried out in Mary's name but without her permission or approval.
		The main instigators of the Ridolfi Plot were Mary's ambassador in England, Leslie Bishop of Ross, and an Italian banker Roberto Ridolfi.
		The Plot which was destined to fail from the start was brought to a halt when a packet of letters from Ridolfi to Leslie was intercepted at Dover.
	www.marie-stuart.co.uk /England.htm (1695 words)

	Tudors & Stuarts : 11 to 14 years
		Gunpowder Plot Society: On November 5, 1605, a solitary figure was arrested in the cellars of Parliament House.
		Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes, born in 1570, died 1606, was caught red-handed in the Palace of Westminster itself on 4th November 1605.
		Gunpowder Plot Game: Guy Fawkes was among a gang of Roman Catholic conspirators who wanted to blow up the House of Lords and assassinate King James VI of Scotland and I of England.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /REVhistoryTUD2.htm (3135 words)

	Dummies::Getting to Know the First Elizabeth
		In the case of a monarch, like Elizabeth, it could also mean that they had no right to be on the throne, and that loyal Catholics were allowed — supposed, even — to overthrow her.
		Ridolfi Plot, 1571: Florentine banker Roberto Ridolfi and the Catholic Duke of Norfolk plan a coup with help from Philip II of Spain and the Pope.
		As the plots grow in seriousness, Cecil and Secretary of State Sir Francis Walsingham decide to keep Mary in ever-closer confinement in England.
	www.dummies.com /WileyCDA/Section/id-131549.html (1775 words)

	Michele Ridolfi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The software is designed to allow the user to enter into the program and begin creating a story by choosing the setting, characters and their voices, expressions, moods and gestures, and sound effects to accompany the scene.
		The student will be able to craft a short story of his or her own design, with the plot being the focus of the story.
		I will again stress that the plot is the one element of a short story which drives the action, and that good plot development is crucial to the success of the story.
	ww2.sjc.edu /student_pages/mridolfi/Software.htm (1006 words)

	Elizabeth I of England - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The plot was formed by Thomas and John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland who married his son, Guilford Dudley to Jane.
		After the Catholic Ridolfi Plot was discovered (much to Elizabeth's shock) and foiled, the Duke of Norfolk was executed and Mary lost the little liberty she had remaining.
		Having put the court on full proof of the charge, Mary Stuart was convicted of complicity in the plot on foot of disputed evidence and executed at Fotheringhay Castle on February 8, 1587.
	arikah.com /encyclopedia/Elizabeth_I_of_England (6957 words)

	English entourage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Throckmorton Plot which, like the Ridolfi Plot, involved the potential invasion of England by Spain and was allegedly initialised by the Guises, failed due to Paget's role as double agent.
		And thus Walsingham achieved the entrapment of Mary by the Babington Plot.
		By the time the Babington Plot was taking shape, Mary had had to be moved to Chartley due to her ill health.
	www.marie-stuart.co.uk /entourage.htm (1127 words)

	James I of England - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Also in 1586, Mary was implicated in the Babington Plot, a scheme which sought to put her on the throne of England after murdering Elizabeth.
		In 1605, a group of Catholic extremists led by Robert Catesby developed a plan, known as the Gunpowder Plot, to cause an explosion in the chamber of the House of Lords, where the King and members of both Houses of Parliament would be gathered for the State Opening.
		Guy Fawkes, whose responsibility had been to execute the plot, was tortured on the rack until he revealed the identities of the other conspirators, all of whom were executed or killed during capture.
	www.a013.com /wiki/James_VI (5561 words)

	18. Elizabeth (III), 1568-72--The Catholic Challenge Page 5
		In the spring, Ridolfi was concocting with Alva designs for an invasion; in the summer he was in Spain.
		Don Guerau was ordered to leave the country; his parting move was a plot for Burghley's assassination, duly detected by spies, Norfolk was convicted for treason, and condemned to a death which was deferred for some months.
		And the new Pope Gregory sang Te Deum in solemn state; and the morose monarch of Spain laughed aloud in unwonted glee; but Charles of France, men said, was haunted to the hour of his death by red visions of that ghastly carnival of blood.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Nonfiction/History/Tudors/TudorsC19P5.htm (1168 words)

	Archived Entry - 01/16/2006: "Book Review: The Siren Queen"
		The Siren Queen is the latest Ursula Blanchard mystery, set in the age of Queen Elizabeth I. Ursula is a lady of the court, an unacknowledged illegitimate sister of Elizabeth, and she serves as a sometime spy on the queen's behalf.
		This latest story in the series is wound around the historical 1569 Ridolfi Plot, in which an Italian nobleman involved various nobles of England--some willingly, some unaware of what they were getting into--in a complex conspiracy to see Mary, Queen of Scots, restored to her own throne...
		Ursula stumbles onto this plot while visiting the Duke of Norfolk's home in London with her husband and young daughter, when a courier bearing encrypted letters is murdered.
	liheliso.com /buzz/archive/00000530.htm (387 words)

	Mary STUART (Queen of Scotland)
		The main instigators of the Ridolfi Plot were Mary's Ambassador in England, Leslie.
		This suggests her innocence, for she must have suspected that her letter to Babington had been intercepted; she obviously did not expect to be confronted with anything incriminating in the letter, or else she could have continued to stand on her royal dignity and to refuse to attend the trial.
		At her trial Mary admitted that she had plotted to escape but denied a number of times seeking or consenting to the death of Elizabeth.
	www.tudorplace.com.ar /Bios/MaryStuart.htm (2836 words)

	Mary, Queen of Scots : Threats to the Crown : Elizabeth : National Maritime Museum : Past exhibitions : What's on
		Uncovered by the government in 1571, the conspiracy aimed to use Spanish troops from the Netherlands to depose Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne with Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, as her husband.
		Although Mary was implicated in the plot, Elizabeth refused calls for her to be put on trial.
		It was the plot hatched by Anthony Babington to kill Elizabeth and start a Catholic uprising, which was to be Mary's undoing.
	www.nmm.ac.uk /server/show/conWebDoc.6201/viewPage/3 (537 words)

	Issues: Perspectives (April 1999): Elizabeth: Romantic Film Heroine or Sixteenth-Century Queen?
		Indeed, Kapur admitted that the plot was so complex even "he was occasionally unsure who was doing what to whom (or why)" (see Gemma Files, "Like a virgin: Shekhar Kapur's Elizabeth, wooden teeth and all," Eye (November 5, 1998) at http://www.eye.net/eye/issue/issue_11.05.98/film/elizabeth.html).
		At the close of the film the threats against Elizabeth and the way she resolved them are not carefully explicated either except that it ends in a bloodbath.
		That the plot was so hard to follow might lead an unwary theatergoer to conclude for this very reason that all these various episodes were what actually happened, and the need for historical accuracy meant the sacrifice of a coherent plot line.
	www.historians.org /Perspectives/issues/1999/9904/9904FIL5.CFM (2450 words)

	Ridolfi Plot - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Ridolfi Plot - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Elizabeth's excommunication by the papal bull Regnans in Excelsis in February 1570 came too late to assist the leaders of the Northern Rising, but...
		Plot, the organization of events and actions in a narrative or dramatic piece of work; the overall scheme which its author deploys to achieve a...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Ridolfi_Plot.html (114 words)

	18. Elizabeth (III), 1568-72--The Catholic Challenge Page 4
		As for the Queen she probably intended to use it precisely as she had used all the previous marriage schemes, simply as an instrument for manipulating foreign courts and her own ministers.
		Under these conditions, a new plot was initiated for the liberation of Mary, her marriage to Norfolk, and the removal of Elizabeth; to be at last actively if secretly aided by Alva and Philip, on whom the vehement remonstrances of the Pope were now taking effect--in view of the threatened alliance between England and France.
		The agent was one Ridolfi, who combined cleverness sufficient to deceive even Walsingham for a time with a garrulity and carelessness which proved ruinous in the long run.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Nonfiction/History/Tudors/TudorsC19P4.htm (937 words)

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