| | Staff Ride Guide: Battle of Ball's Bluff: Small Arms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) |
 | | The loading procedure required the soldier to withdraw a paper cartridge (containing powder and bullet) from his cartridge box, tear open one end with his teeth, pour the powder into the muzzle, place the bullet in the muzzle, and ram it to the breech using a metal ramrod. |
 | | Although the maximum range of a rifled musket might be over 1,000 yards, actual fields of fire were often very short, the emphasis of musketry fire relying on volume at close range rather than accuracy at long. |
 | | At the beginning of the war a shortage of rifled muskets on both sides forced the Northern and Southern governments to issue the older smoothbore weapons or purchase weapons from European nations. |
| www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/Staff-Rides/ballsbluff/small_arms.htm (451 words) |