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Topic: Rift Valley fever

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	Rift Valley Fever Facts
		Rift Valley fever is a fever-causing viral disease that affects livestock and humans in Africa.
		Rift valley fever is a fever-causing disease that affects livestock (including cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goats) and humans in Africa.
		Rift Valley fever is spread mainly by infected mosquitoes and appears most often during years of heavy rainfall.
	www.astdhpphe.org /infect/rift.html (834 words)

	Department of Agriculture \| Rift Valley Fever
		Rift Valley fever results from infection by the Rift Valley fever virus, an RNA virus in the genus Phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae).
		Rift Valley fever is transmitted by mosquitoes and is usually amplified in ruminant hosts.
		Infection with the Rift Valley fever virus usually results in an asymptomatic infection or a relatively mild illness with fever and liver abnormalities.
	www.state.nj.us /agriculture/divisions/ah/diseases/riftvalley.html (1696 words)

	WHO \| Rift Valley fever
		Rift Valley Fever (RVF), is a zoonosis (a disease which primarily affects animals, but occasionally causes disease in humans).
		RVF virus is primarily spread amongst animals by the bite of infected mosquitoes.
		A wide variety of mosquito species may act as the vector for transmission of the RVF virus; in different regions a different species of mosquito may prove to be the predominant vector.
	www.who.int /mediacentre/factsheets/fs207/en (1435 words)

	Rift Valley Fever - ContactPakistan.com
		Rift Valley fever is a fever-causing viral disease that affects livestock and humans in Africa.
		Rift valley fever is a fever-causing disease that affects livestock (including cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goats) and humans in Africa.
		Rift Valley fever is spread mainly by infected mosquitoes and appears most often during years of heavy rainfall.
	www.contactpakistan.com /Communitylibrary/general/health/general/article24.htm (834 words)

	Using Satellites to Track Rift Valley Fever
		As early as 1913, a disease fitting the description of RVF was blamed for the loss of sheep in the Rift Valley in Kenya.
		The RVF virus was first isolated in 1931 from the blood of a newborn lamb and later from the blood of sheep and cattle.
		The RVF virus was isolated from mosquitoes belonging to several genera (Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Anopheles, and Eretmapodites).
	www.odysseyofthemind.com /riftvalley.php (787 words)

	Rift Valley fever - Smittskyddsinstitutet
		Rift Valley fever är en myggburen, akut virusinfektion som främst drabbar får, getter och nötkreatur, men även vissa gnagare och vilda idisslare kan smittas.
		Rift Valley fever orsakas av ett virus som tillhör gruppen phlebovirus.
		Inte sällan ses Rift Valley fever som en yrkessjukdom, och infektioner är vanliga hos personer efter kontakt med döda infekterade djur.
	www.smittskyddsinstitutet.se /t/Page____3404.aspx (403 words)

	Rift Valley fever - a disease that can spread with the wind
		Rift Valley fever (RVF) - one of the priority diseases identified for attention by FAO's Emergency Prevention System (EMPRES) - is a mosquito-borne virus disease affecting ruminant animals and humans.
		RVF was first described in the Rift Valley of Kenya in the early 1930s but it is now endemic in restricted sites throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa.
		Because mosquitoes are easily carried long distances by wind, RVF has the potential to spread rapidly to new countries and even to new continents.
	www.fao.org /NEWS/1998/rvf-e.htm (340 words)

	Rift Valley Fever (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Rift Valley Fever (RVF) virus was first isolated from a lamb in 1930.
		Throughout the 20th century, large epizootics (outbreaks in animals) of RVF were observed, starting as early as 1912.
		Since RVF outbreaks are very sporadic and years may pass between epizootics, persuading farmers to vaccinate cattle regularly is a challenge.
	www.stanford.edu /group/virus/bunya/2005/riftvalleyfever.html (468 words)

	Canadian Food Inspection Agency - Animal Health - Fact Sheet - Rift Valley Fever
		Rift Valley fever is an acute viral disease that affects domestic animals (such as sheep, cattle, and goats) and humans.
		In Canada, RVF is not a threat to humans because the disease is not present.
		Rift Valley fever might be suspected in areas where the disease is known to occur based on: clinical signs, insect activity, concurrent disease in animals and humans, and rapid spread of the disease.
	www.inspection.gc.ca /english/anima/heasan/disemala/rift/riftfse.shtml (790 words)

	UAB - Bioterrorism
		Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is an acute, febrile, mosquito-borne and aerosol transmitted viral disease which affects both livestock and humans, primarily in Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula.
		RVF virus may be present in dormant mosquito eggs in these pools, which then hatch and provide a source and vector for RVF outbreaks.
		Rift Valley Fever is considered both a significant biological warfare threat and a severe natural emerging disease threat to the United States, as the afore-mentioned case numbers illustrate.
	www.bioterrorism.uab.edu /EI/riftValley/summary.asp (1190 words)

	Rift Valley Fever: DVRD - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute, fever-causing viral disease that affects domestic animals (such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels) and humans.
		RVF is generally found in regions of eastern and southern Africa where sheep and cattle are raised.
		RVF virus primarily affects livestock and can cause disease in a large number of domestic animals (this situation is referred to as an "epizootic").
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /artic/rift_valley_fever_dvrd.htm (1115 words)

	Rift Valley Fever
		RVF is anticipated to become a larger problem throughout Africa as increases in livestock production, irrigation projects, and environmental disruption become more widespread.
		Immunological tests for Rift Valley fever antigens and antibodies were developed by the CDC scientists and were applied in many different venues to show their specificity and sensitivity (Scott, et al., 1986; Meegan, et al., 1989; Ksiazek, et al., 1989).
		Finally, a dynamical model of RVF will be developed to assess the relative importance of the climate and environmental components of RVF transmission in the study area, to gain a better understanding of disease activity as it is influenced by changes in these factors.
	edcintl.cr.usgs.gov /riftvalleysa.html (971 words)

	CDC - Yellow Book: [4] Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers - CDC Travelers' Health
		Viral hemorrhagic fevers are a group of febrile illnesses caused by several distinct families of viruses, all of which are enveloped and have RNA genomes.
		Rift Valley fever (RVF) is caused by a member of the Bunyaviridae family; it affects primarily livestock and may also infect humans.
		RVF virus is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, where sporadic outbreaks occur in humans, for example, in the Nile Delta, Egypt (1978 and 1993), Madagascar (1991), and the lower Senegal River basin of Mauritania (1987).
	www2.ncid.cdc.gov /travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=viral_hemorrhagic.htm&cssNav=browseoyb (1915 words)

	USATODAY.com - Feds alert to health threat of new mosquito disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Rift Valley fever, which originated in Africa and hasn't been seen outside that continent in three years, is the only disease at the top of both human health and agriculture lists of dangerous diseases.
		Scientists said that Rift Valley fever was being researched as a possible weapon during the Cold War and showed promise because of its stability in an aerosol form.
		Rift Valley fever is one of several emerging viruses being studied by the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas.
	www.usatoday.com /news/health/2004-06-23-rift-valley_x.htm (674 words)

	Rift Valley fever -
		Rift Valley Fever is a viral disease caused by a specific Phlebovirus called the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) virus, a negatively-stranded RNA virus of the family Bunyaviridae.
		The disease is named after the Great Rift Valley in Africa, after initial livestock epidemics in the early 1900s in Kenya were identified to be caused by the same virus.
		Rift Valley Fever's primary symptom in humans is retinal inflammation, with temporary or permanent loss of vision.
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Diseases-R---Se/Rift-Valley-fever.html (263 words)

	Rift Valley Fever Retinopathy:
		Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an arthropod-borne viral disease of domestic livestock, particularly sheep and cattle, and humans living in sub-Saharan Africa.
		The virus was originally isolated in the Rift Valley in Kenya in 1930 during an epizootic of fatal hepatic necrosis and abortion in sheep.
		Fever that lasted from two to seven days, the degree of which could not be precisely determined, was reported by a majority of the patients (81.8%).
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/173/96-152.html (2102 words)

	Rift Valley Fever: Description, Vector, Mechanisms, Symptoms, etc.
		Rift Valley virus is a member of the family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus.
		It wasn't until the Marburg filovirus attained international attention that Rift Valley fever was also identified as a cause of human hemorrhagic fever.
		In 1987, RVF broke out in Mauritania following the opening of Diama Dam at the mouth of the Senegal River, in an area where the virus was present but not generally recognized.
	www.tarakharper.com /v_rift.htm (1114 words)

	Model Successfully Predicts Rift Valley Fever Outbreak / February 16, 2007 / News from the USDA Agricultural Research ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		A Rift Valley fever outbreak was successfully predicted several months in advance for the first time with a model developed by a team assembled by an Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientist.
		In October 2006, when the model predicted that Rift Valley fever would flare up within three months in sub-Saharan Africa, a warning was sent to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization, which then passed on the warning to countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Uganda and Somalia.
		Rift Valley fever is primarily spread to livestock and humans by biting insects such as mosquitoes.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/pr/2007/070216.htm (466 words)

	Arbovirus \| 5 Rift Valley Fever
		The virus which causes Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a Phlebovirus and belongs to the Bunyaviridae family.
		Rift Valley Fever occurs in intermittent epidemics with intervals of 10 to 15 years, mainly after periods of exceptionally heavy rainfall.
		Leptospirosis, yellow fever, haemorrhagic dengue, West Nile Fever, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, other viral haemorrhagic fevers, falciparum malaria, anthrax, plague and others may be considered in the differential diagnosis.
	www.itg.be /itg/DistanceLearning/LectureNotesVandenEndenE/13_Arbovirusesp5.htm (1403 words)

	CIDRAP >> Rift Valley Fever
		Rift Valley fever (RVF) is caused by a hemorrhagic fever virus (RVF virus) that causes disease in both humans and animals.
		RVF virus has not been shown to be directly communicable between animals in the absence of a mosquito vector.
		Rift Valley fever (infectious enzootic hepatitis of sheep and cattle.
	www.cidrap.umn.edu /cidrap/content/biosecurity/ag-biosec/anim-disease/rvf.html (1794 words)

	The Raw Story \| Rift Valley fever kills at least 137 people in Kenya
		Nairobi- At least 137 people, out of an infected 400 people, have died from viral fever, Rift Valley, which is transmitted through livestock, with a government health official saying the outbreak had passed its peak point.
		Rift Valley fever broke out early December, with many of the country's meat-eaters refusing to go near a plate of roast beef, despite the government's insistence that the outbreak is under control.
		Rift Valley Fever occurs mainly in sub-Saharan Africa.
	rawstory.com /news/2006/Rift_Valley_fever_kills_at_least_13_02052007.html (265 words)

	NaTHNaC - Travellers, News, Rift Valley fever in Tanzania, 23 April 2007 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Following the reports of outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Kenya and Somalia [1], the World Health Organization (WHO) reported an outbreak of RVF in Tanzania on 23 March 2007.
		RVF is caused by a virus of the family Bunyaviridae.
		Rift Valley Fever in the United Republic of Tanzania, 23 March 2007.
	www.nathnac.org /travel/news/rvf_230407.htm (278 words)

	Rift Valley Fever Virus
		The MP12 attenuated strain of Rift Valley fever virus was obtained by 12 serial passages of a virulent isolate ZH548 in the presence of 5-fluorouracil (Vialat et al., 1997).
		RVF is generally found in regions of eastern and southern Africa where sheep and cattle are raised, but the virus also exists in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa and in Madagascar.
		RVF vaccination is not recommended for the average traveler, but although it is not generally available, it may be indicated for those who are traveling to participate in international RVF-outbreak investigations or are otherwise at high risk of exposure (Isaacson, 2001).
	pathport.vbi.vt.edu /pathinfo/pathogens/Rift_Valley_Fever_virus_2.html (8597 words)

	Disease News - Rift Valley Fever
		Rift Valley fever in Saudi Arabia - Update 3, World Health Organization, 25 October 2000 -- As of 23 October 2000, 443 cases with 85 deaths of Rift Valley fever were reported by the Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia.
		Rift Valley fever in Yemen - Update 3, World Health Organization, 19 October 2000 -- The World Health Organization (WHO) is launching an appeal for US$ 975 000 to support international efforts to control and prevent Rift Valley Fever (RVF) in Yemen.
		Rift Valley fever in Yemen - Update 2, World Health Organization, 03 October 2000 -- As of 2 October, 321 suspected cases of Rift Valley fever (RVF) with 32 deaths have been reported in Yemen.
	www.fas.org /ahead/disease/rvf/2000 (427 words)

	Rift Valley fever definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Rift Valley fever: A viral disease that is acute, causes fever in domestic animals (such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels) and humans, and is associated with mosquito-borne epidemics during years of heavy rainfall.
		Rift Valley fever is caused by the RVF virus.
		RVF primarily affects livestock and can cause disease in a large number of domestic animals (a situation referred to as an "epizootic").
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=14875 (673 words)

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