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Topic: Rift Valley lakes

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	Rift Valley lakes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes are the northernmost of the African Rift Valley lakes.
		Lake Victoria (elevation 1134 m), with an area of 68,800 km², is the largest lake in Africa, but is not actually within the rift valley; it occupies a depression between the eastern and western rifts, formed by the uplift of the rifts to either side.
		Lake Chilwa (1750 km², elevation 622 m) lies southeast of Lake Malombe, and is the southernmost of the Rift Valley lakes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rift_Valley_lakes (989 words)

	Great Rift Valley
		Lake Victoria, the second largest lake in the world, is considered part of the Rift Valley system although it actually lies between the two branches.
		In Kenya the valley is deepest to the north of Nairobi.
		As the valley has no outlet to the sea, its lakes tend to be shallow and have a high mineral content as the evaporation of water leaves the salts behind.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/great_rift_valley.html (608 words)

	The Rift Lakes
		Lake Malawi is the southern most and the third largest of the east African Rift valley Lakes, with a length north to south of around 595.5 km, and width varying from 16-80.5 km.
		In addition to being one of the largest Rift Lakes, it is also one of the oldest freshwater lakes in the world having existed in one form or another for nearly a million years, a major contributing factor in its biodiversity.
		Lake Tanganyika is interesting in the fact that though it is one of the most ancient of the lakes, in comparison to Malawi and even Victoria, it has a relatively low count of native fish.
	www.malawicichlidhomepage.com /aquainfo/rift_lakes.html (1631 words)

	MSN Encarta - Rift Valley (region)
		The valley is believed to have been formed by the sinking and tearing apart of the Earth's crust along a 50-million-year-old zone of weakness (see Plate Tectonics).
		In the latter is Lake Tanganyika, one of the largest lakes of the continent.
		The fault in which the Rift sits is still moving: the western side of the rift is pulling away from the eastern ridge at about 6 mm per year, while in the south it is moving together at a rate of 2 mm per year.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761568078/Rift_Valley_(region).html (210 words)

	Great Rift Valley -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		(The largest lake in Africa and the 2nd largest fresh water lake in the world; a headwaters reservoir for the Nile River) Lake Victoria, the second largest freshwater lake in the world, is considered part of the Rift Valley system although it actually lies between the two branches.
		As the valley has no outlet to the sea, its lakes tend to be shallow and have a high (Solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition) mineral content as the evaporation of water leaves the salts behind.
		The associated geothermal activity and spreading at the rift has caused the (The solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle) lithosphere to thin from a typical 100 km thickness for continents to a mere 20 km.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/great_rift_valley.htm (503 words)

	WWF Global 200 Ecoregions -- Rift Valley Lakes (182)
		The Rift Valley Lakes are world-renowned for the diversity of cichlid fish species that have evolved in their waters.
		The Rift Valley Lakes (particularly Malawi, Tanganyika, and Victoria) are known for the approximately 800 species of tropical cichlids that have evolved in their waters.
		Lake Tana supports a group of cyprinid fish that are all descended from a common ancestor (called a "species flock").
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/g200/g182.html (693 words)

	AFRICA - Explore the Regions - Great Lakes
		Twisting down the two arms of the Great Rift Valley like a chain of sapphires, the lakes are located in nine countries in East and Central Africa.
		Lake Victoria, located between Uganda to the west and Tanzania and Kenya to the east, ranks as the second-largest freshwater lake in the world after the U.S.' Lake Superior.
		Lake Taganayika, located on the border between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania, ranks as one of the deepest.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/africa/explore/greatlakes/greatlakes_overview.html (248 words)

	Emerging Water Management Issues
		The rift-valley lakes are a chain of permanent lakes lying entirely in the southern part of the Ethiopian rift valley.
		Small-holder farming and state farms in the drainage areas of the Ethiopian rift-valley lakes have modified the catchment areas of the lakes and have contributed to enhanced nutrients and particulate run-off, especially when the grasslands are overgrazed and the fields are tilled or fertilized.
		All the substances that were carried into the lake with the water (e.g., silt, nutrients, or toxic substances) tend to be trapped in the lake sediments or in the bodies of the lake organisms.
	www.aaas.org /international/africa/ewmi/zinabu.htm (5451 words)

	Kenya Wildlife Safaris - Samburu and the Rift Valley Lakes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Safari to Samburu and the Rift Valley Lakes
		Indeed, the lake is reputed to be the bird-watching centre of Kenya with a resident ornithologist.
		Early morning head south via Lake Bogoria which is a shallow soda lake with beautiful scenery and also home to a sizeable number of flamingos and other species of birds.
	www.himalaya-trekking.co.uk /itinsrvl.html (810 words)

	Rift Valley Lakes - Nairobi (Kenya) - AfricanAdrenalin
		Lake Naivasha which is situated northwest of Nairobi is the highest and the most beautiful of the Rift Valley lakes and is rich in birdlife.
		Lake Nakuru National Park was established in 1967 and was the first of such conservation areas in Africa that was specifically set aside for the preservation of birdlife.
		Lake Elementaita, to the east of Nakuru, is the smallest of the central Rift's lakes and is surrounded mostly by private land while Lake Baringo is the largest of the central lakes and now a major tourist resort.
	africanadrenalin.co.za /utc/st10.htm (398 words)

	science
		Lake Malawi is approximately 50 Km wide by 600 Km long and is located immediately southeast of Lake Tanganyika, which is approximately 40 Km wide by 750 Km long.
		Lake Victoria is approximately 350 Km to 410 Km in diameter and is located northeast of Lake Tanganyika.
		The salt concentration of Lake Malawi and Victoria are one half and one third respectively with a pH range between 7.8 and 8.5.
	www.geocities.com /cichlidnyc/science.html (562 words)

	The Great Rift Valley Circuit
		Whilst this stunning introduction to the Rift Valley is amazing in itself, actually descending and exploring Kenya's Rift Valley lakes is a "not to be missed" opportunity.
		As with all of the Rift Valley parks, Hell's Gate is also an ornithologist's dream with the cliffs acting as the breeding grounds for vultures, Verreaux eagles, Auger buzzards and thousands of swifts.
		Lake Kamnarok has a diverse landscape centered around a 4,000-foot deep valley with semi-tropical vegetation on the sides contrasting with the dry thorn bush at its base.
	www.eco-resorts.com /RiftValley.php (695 words)

	LakeNet - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The great Eastern Rift Valley lakes are drying up slowly but surely as indiscriminate destruction of trees continue unabated along its major escarpment areas, a research carried out by Kenya's Egerton University in Njoro, about 118 miles west of Nairobi, indicates.
		It adds that a quarter or more of Lake Victoria waters are expected to ebb in the wake of changing conditions in the larger Mau forest and Loita hills of Kenya and Mount Meru in northern Tanzania.
		According to the Egerton University study, one of the early warnings of this disaster is the frequent disturbance of water levels in Lakes Nakuru, Naivasha, Natron and Bogoria, especially during the dry spell.
	www.worldlakes.org /shownews.asp?newsid=1445 (412 words)

	AllRefer.com - Great Rift Valley, Africa (African Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia
		The main section of the valley in Africa continues from the Red Sea SW across Ethiopia and S across Kenya, Tanzania, and Malawi to the lower Zambezi River valley in Mozambique.
		Just N of Lake Nyasa there is a western branch, which runs north, chiefly along the eastern border of Congo (Kinshasa); this branch is marked by a chain of lakes, including lakes Tanganyika, Kivu, Edward, and Albert (Mobutu).
		The present configuration of the rift, which dates from the mid-Pleistocene epoch, is probably a result of a rifting process associated with thermal currents in the earth's mantle (see rift valley); there is evidence of earlier rift structures.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/GreatRif.html (384 words)

	Newswise
		Here is evidence of a rift valley system dating back nearly 110 million years, an area like modern East Africa, where the Earth's crust subsided into the gap of receding faults, stretching across southeastern Arizona containing at least one and probably, Cohen said, two Cretaceous lakes.
		The largest of these lakes may have covered hundreds of square miles of what are today the rugged Empire and Whetstone mountain areas southeast of Tucson.
		Also, the lake level is dependent on aridity and not only the extent of polar ice, so important for determining sea levels in the most recent Ice Ages.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view?id=RIFT.UAZ (800 words)

	Great Rift Valley Safari - safari to Kenya 's Great Rift Valley, Africa
		The valley forms a wide trench (about 5400 miles long) down the length of Africa that is visible from the moon.
		Lake Nakuru is a saltwater lake and together with its neighbouring park is famous for attracting large flocks of flamingos.
		The old colonial architecture of Lake Naivasha Country Club is solid and comfortable with accommodation in rooms and cottages set in 12 hectares of green lawns shaded by mature acacias and spreading fever trees.
	safari.go2africa.com /kenya/great-rift-valley-safari.asp (411 words)

	Great Rift Valley -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The longest rift on the Earth's surface, the Great Rift Valley is a long, deep depression with steep, wall-like cliffs, extending from Jordan in southwestern Asia southward through Africa to Mozambique.
		The rift has a total distance of approximately 4,000 miles (6,400 kilometers) and an average width of 30 to 40 miles (50 to 65 kilometers).
		Includes information on the geographic distribution of Rift Valley fever, transmission of the disease to humans, populations who are most at risk, symptoms, treatment, permanent vision loss associated with the disease, and preventive measures.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9274642 (791 words)

	6 DAYS GREAT RIFT VALLEY LAKES & MASAI MARA
		Lake Baringo is a fresh water lake which supports a great variety of birds as well as hippos and crocodiles.
		After lunch we proceed to Lake Nakuru –; another shallow soda lake that is described as an ornithologist paradise and one of the world’s most magnificent sights.
		Lake Nakuru is a rhino sanctuary and also harbors lions, warthog, waterbuck, buffalo, hippo and many other animals.
	www.spurwingkenya.com /kenya/camping/ksaf006.htm (343 words)

	Rift Valley Lakes
		Although Langano is situated in the natural beauty of the Rift Valley, the lake itself is brown and brackish.
		Although the lake here is attractive, the sides are swampy and the lake does serve as a host for bilharzia, which discourages swimming.
		Before you descend the ridge to the lakes, there is a very nice spot to stop and look over both lakes and across the valley to the mountains beyond.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2001/01/12-01-01/Rift.htm (1550 words)

	GORP - The Rift Valley Lakes
		In Kenya's section of the Rift Valley there are eight lakes, two of which are fresh water and the remainder alkaline.
		Lake Baringo lies in the solitude of the semi-desert, a haven of peace and beauty in harsh, rugged but majestic surroundings.
		It is a wild area; the lake itself set at the bottom of a trough at the base of a sheer 600 m wall the Ngendelel escarpment.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/location/africa/kenya/ke_riftv.htm (702 words)

	Ancient 'Rift Valley' Lakes Covered Gates Pass, also Whetstone, Empire Mountains in Southern Arizona (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The broader rift area is known as the Bisbee Basin and extends across southern Arizona, New Mexico, Texas and northern Mexico.
		The next two stops were along what Cohen believes to be the opposite shores of a second lake that he estimates was 5 to 18 miles wide and 62 miles long.
		While Cohen's primary work is done at the African rift valley lakes, he studies Arizona's ancient lake deposits as analogs that are uncluttered by man-induced changes.
	uanews.opi.arizona.edu /cgi-bin/WebObjects/UANews.woa/wa/MainStoryDetails?ArticleID=5351 (817 words)

	Camping Safaris
		Spend the day relaxing (and bathing in the crocodile infested lake for those who may dare!) and a short boat excursion to visit the surrounding areas is planned.
		Lake Manyara lions have developed a liking for residing in the branches of trees, where they can both sleep and watch for prey, while the Serengeti is the center of the amazing wildebeest migration.
		Ngorongoro Crater is renowned as the 'Garden of Eden' and has a large assortment of wildlife species; the Lake Manyara lion seem to have developed a queer habit of resting and watching for prey from fallen trees and low branches; while Serengeti is famed for the wildebeest migration.
	www.ivorynet.com /camp.htm (1799 words)

	Maasai and Rift Valley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Brief stop at the View Point to see the spectacular scenery of the Great Rift Valley, which includes steep escarpments, volcanic mountains and lakes.
		After lunch at the shores of Lake Naivasha, you can either do an exciting boat-ride (optional) to one of the islands in the lake or simply survey the area on foot for its immense diversity of birds.
		Lake Nakuru is a world famous bird sanctuary and home to millions of flamingoes.
	www.himalaya-treks.co.uk /kenpvt7.html (940 words)

	Ethiopia Safari - Rift Valley Lakes
		Lakes Lagano, Abiata and Shala are perhaps the most popular of the seven - one lake is blue, one silver and one brown.
		Lake Abiata is shallow, with heaps of birds, while Lake Shala sits at the bottom of a 250m deep crater.
		Towards the Kenyan border, Lakes Abaya and Chamo are thronging with wildlife, especially crocodiles.
	www.jenmansafaris.com /countries/ethiopia/rift_valley_lakes.htm (166 words)

	TE 04 The Rift Valley Lakes
		Addis Ababa city tour, the view from Mount Entoto, the National and Ethnographic Museums, Trinity church, the Mercato.
		We drive south passing Debre Zeit, lake Zeway and stopping at lake Langano for an overnight.
		Ascend Mount Batu, camping by Gabra Guracha Lake.
	travelethiopia.tripod.com /rift.htm (140 words)

	Rift Valley Lakes - Ethiopia
		The three lakes Langano, Shaila and Abiata are located in an arid region, but there is plenty of wildlife around here.
		Its counterpart, the lake Abiata, is a shallow, large basin.
		Cause of its alkalic water, lake langano is billarazose-free.
	n.ethz.ch /student/bstump/travel/countries/ethiopia.html (366 words)

	Tudorancea, C. & Taylor W.D. (Eds) Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes
		Despite the fact that these lakes are of great importance to the economy of Ethiopia, and are critical to the survival of local communities, there were no intensive and extensive limnological studies on these lakes until recently.
		Phytoplankton distribution in lakes of the Ethiopian Rift Valley, Elizabeth Kebede
		Composition and abundance of benthic fauna in the rift lakes
	www.euronet.nl /users/backhuys/tuet.htm (710 words)

	Lakes of the Rift Valley
		Naivasha’s spectacular wildlife, including the densest population of African fish eagles on the continent, are paying the price for the lake’s economic and tourist allure.
		To the north, Lake Bogoria has witnessed a sudden die-off of lesser flamingoes and Lake Baringo has chocolate-brown water from soil erosion.
		For almost two decades, Dr. David Harper and his outstanding colleagues have led Earthwatch volunteers to Lake Naivasha to monitor and evaluate the effects of human use on the lake.
	www.earthwatch.org /expeditions/harper.html (377 words)

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