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Topic: Right of asylum

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	Asylum - LoveToKnow 1911 (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The right of sanctuary, originally possessed by all temples, appears to have become limited to a few in consequence of abuses of it.
		Generally speaking, the classes of persons who claimed the rights of asylum were slaves who had been maltreated by their masters, soldiers defeated and pursued by the enemy, and criminals who feared a trial or who had escaped before sentence was passed.
		In modern times the word asylum has come to mean an institution providing shelter or refuge for any class of afflicted or destitute persons, such as the blind, deaf and dumb, andc., but more particularly the insane.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /Asylum (357 words)

	Right of Asylum
		Asylum within the meaning of the Geneva Convention was supplemented in 1998 by the Réséda Act and new forms of protection: constitutional asylum, granted to anyone persecuted for actions to promote liberty; and territorial asylum, offered to foreigners under threat in their own country or subject to inhuman or degrading treatment.
		Guarantees to asylum seekers will be extended, notably as concerns consideration of the merits of their application, the presence of counsel at hearings, and judicial appeal with suspensory effect for both types of asylum.
		Breathing new life into the right of asylum means affirming before the world that France continues to live by her values and her traditions, that she remains committed to the principle of justice which should be our guide as we build the new world.
	www.info-france-usa.org /news/statmnts/2003/asylum_villepin102203.asp (3798 words)

	Right of asylum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Right of asylum (or political asylum) is an ancient judicial notion, under which a person persecuted for political opinions or religious beliefs in his or her country may be protected by another sovereign authority, either the Church as in medieval sanctuaries or a foreign country.
		Political asylum shouldn't be mistaken with modern refugee law, which rather deals with massive influx of population, while the right of asylum concerns individuals and is usually delivered in a case-to-case basis.
		Political asylum is also defined in France by the 1951 United Nations (UN) Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (ratified in 1952), the additional 1967 protocol; articles K1 and K2 of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty as well as the 1985 Schengen Agreement which defined the European policy on immigration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Right_of_asylum (1628 words)

	Asylum is a Human Right: A Dishonored Promise : Indybay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The promise of the human right to asylum guaranteeing the participation of everyone in civil- and social human rights (the right to have rights) in whatever state they take refuge is indivisible and essential so that we share or accustom ourselves in political deprivation of rights.
		The civil rights activist turned to the interior minister’s statement that the limit of maximum stress was long passed striking down all expectations for a changed refugee and asylum policy with a social-democratic-green change of government.
		A non-parliamentary movement that urges the utopian promise of the human right to asylum and fights on the side of refugees is imperative.
	www.indybay.org /newsitems/2003/11/29/16624901.php (948 words)

	Operation Kosovo
		Under this law the Republic of Albania recognises the right to asylum of all foreigners in the Republic of Albania who are in need of international protection as refugees and request asylum in compliance with the provisions of this law and the international conventions the Republic of Albania is party to.
		Asylum shall be further denied to any foreigner who arrives from a third country where he/she does not face persecution, human rights violation or refoulement in the sense of articles 4 and 6 of this law, and if he/she can lawfully return to that country.
		The authorities refering the asylum seeker to the Office for Refugees as well as the Office for Refugees, when approached in accordance with paragraph I (b) of article 18 of this law, are responsible for the necessary measures to be taken for the establishment of the identity of the asylum seeker.
	pbosnia.kentlaw.edu /projects/kosovo/oldstuff/asylum.html (4034 words)

	International Law Commission - Summaries: Right of Asylum
		At the Commission's first session, in 1949, during the discussion of the draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States, a proposal was submitted to include in the draft Declaration an article relating to the right of asylum.
		The Commission on Human Rights, which had been considering a draft declaration on the right of asylum since 1957, completed the draft in I960, [4] and that draft was transmitted to the General Assembly by the Economic and Social Council in its resolution 772 E (XXX) of 25 July 1960.
		Articles were provisionally adopted on the granting of asylum, on definition of categories of persons to whom the convention should apply, on non-refoulement, and on the activities of refugees in the country of asylum.
	untreaty.un.org /ilc/summaries/6_2.htm (608 words)

	The right to seek asylum
		Under international human rights instruments, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), state parties are obliged to guarantee human rights protection to everyone within their jurisdiction.
		At that time, Amnesty International called for “human rights proofing” of proposed elements of legislation in order to ensure that they were in compliance with international standards and recommended that the Government establish a mechanism to examine proposed legislation in the light of the State’s international obligations.
		According to the ECHR, a detained person has the right to be informed of the reasons for his or her detention in a language which he or she understands.
	homepage.eircom.net /~hrc/asylum.htm (3549 words)

	Embassy of France in the US - Right of Asylum
		The reform establishes a single procedure for processing applications for conventional asylum and what is known as "territorial asylum" [which incorporates residency for one year with the right to work and up to now has been dealt with by the Interior Ministry].
		It is efficient, while scrupulously observing human rights; it's a move to step up European cooperation with the objective of pooling responsibility for dealing with a common problem and seeking concerted action with the countries of emigration.
		The criteria for this subsidiary protection status, slightly different from those for the former territorial asylum protection, are inspired by article 15 of the proposed Council Directive on minimum standards for the conditions which nationals of third countries and stateless persons must fulfil to claim refugee status.
	www.info-france-usa.org /news/statmnts/2003/asylum041603.asp (1394 words)

	asylum. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In modern international law, the granting of asylum to refugees from other lands is the right of a state by virtue of its territorial sovereignty.
		Asylum has sometimes been granted more broadly; some Third World women have successfully sought asylum for themselves or their daughters in the United States or other Western nations to avoid forced genital mutilation, a traditional practice in a number of societies (see circumcision).
		A situation causing many international disputes is the use of embassies and legations, by virtue of their status of extraterritoriality, as places of refuge in times of disorder and conflict.
	www.bartleby.com /65/as/asylum.html (270 words)

	asylumlaw.org: helping win asylum cases worldwide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Every person has the right to live free from persecution, or the fear of persecution, based on their race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.
		People who seek to exercise this right are called "asylum seekers" or, in some cases, "refugees." In 1951, the formal basis for exercising the right to asylum was established by an interational treaty, the Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.
		To reseach the law about the country in which are seeking asylum, pull down the menu called "legal tools" on the home page or go directly to the legal tools section of the site.
	www.asylumlaw.org /asylumseeker (451 words)

	Konrad Weiss: The Right of Asylum
		A human right, a fundamental right for which outstanding German men and women fought at immense personal sacrifice and risked their lives, is being unthinkingly called into question here today.
		However, instead of seeking alternatives which do not impose inadmissible restrictions on the rights of the victims of persecution, instead of thinking and acting constructively, both the government and the SPD are on the defensive and are equally helpless, as their bill on asylum procedure shows.
		For us, the right of asylum of "persons persecuted on political grounds", which we were late in acquiring, remains a precious and inviolable right.
	www.bln.de /k.weiss/te_asyl.htm (1586 words)

	The Right to Seek Asylum: A Dwindling Right
		Rather, a rule of customary international law appears to have developed that prevents an individual from asserting a right to enter a state unless he or she is a national of the receiving country.
		The deluge of asylum applicants and the economic and social problems that often follow have, in turn, increased xenophobic attitudes in countries that previously protected those fleeing human rights violations.
		This policy, effectively preventing Haitians and Cubans from exercising their right to seek asylum in the United States or in any other country, sent a message to the international community that it is acceptable to ignore international law when faced with a crisis close to home.
	www.wcl.american.edu /hrbrief/v2i2/asylum.htm (1385 words)

	Human Rights Watch: Refugees, Internally Displaced Persons and Asylum Seekers
		A refugee is someone with a well-founded fear of persecution on the basis of his or her race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion, who is outside of his or her country of nationality and unable or unwilling to return.
		Enshrined in Article 14 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights is the right "to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution." This principle recognizes that victims of human rights abuse must be able to leave their country freely and to seek refuge elsewhere.
		Human Rights Watch believes the right to asylum is a matter of life and death and cannot be compromised.
	www.hrw.org /refugees (790 words)

	Asylum right is a human right! - humanrights.de
		Asylum applicants are segregated and isolated from German society.
		We will not stand idly by and watch as the right of asylum is swept away by those who have no respect for human rights.
		On a daily basis we are humiliated by the incessant racist police controls on the streets and denied the right to a normal and decent existence as human beings.
	www.humanrights.de /doc_es/archiv/caravan/english.html (1092 words)

	Asylum is a human right \| Don't believe the Type
		However, the asylum debate has become so distorted that the right to asylum in the UK is now under threat.
		Asylum is about the protection of people, the rebuilding of lives, a second chance for those whose first was taken from them.
		Asylum is a human right and should remain so.
	www.dontbelievethetype.org.uk /rights (371 words)

	MP - Where is the right to asylum going in Italy ?
		The caravan, whose aim is to inform on asylum seekers conditions in Italy, on Bossi-Fini law, is explicitly against wars because of which thousands of people run away from their homes.
		The caravan is the excuse for talking about asylum seekers in Italy, in their own country, what happens to them when they arrive in Italy.
		We know of many asylum seekers, that are not allowed to work, at the moment labouring conceiled because it is the only way to survive.
	www.meltingpot.org /stampa33.html (639 words)

	European Union plans drastic restraints on right to asylum
		In order to keep refugees away from EU territory as “effectively” as possible, it is envisaged that—apart from the construction of short-term asylum processing centres—worldwide “zones of sanctuary”; are to be established to accommodate refugees as “close to home” as possible.
		In order to avoid having to process asylum applications at all, the international community is to have the right to intervene in the countries from which refugees have fled.
		The Blair concept also transforms the claim by a refugee to seek asylum in a particular country into a version whereby the asylum-seeker no longer has the right to a judgement of his case in the land of his choice.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2003/jun2003/asyl-j17.shtml (2064 words)

	Right of asylum
		Important developments and considerable changes in respect of the right to territorial asylum, both in Council of Europe member states and on the international level, have taken place in the five years since the adoption of Recommendation 1088 (1988) on the right to territorial asylum.
		Historically, the Council of Europe, though it never incorporated a right to asylum into a legally binding instrument, always asked its members to treat refugees and asylum-seekers in a "particularly liberal and humanitarian spirit", in full respect of the principle of non-refoulement.
		amend the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms to include a right of asylum, basing the text to be adopted on the suggestions made in Assembly Recommendation 293 (1961) or in Appendix II of the 1988 report on the right of asylum (Doc.
	assembly.coe.int /Documents/AdoptedText/ta94/EREC1236.htm (1394 words)

	The Right to Asylum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Convention does not entail the right to asylum as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights does.
		It does, however, contain the important prohibition of repatriation which, in fact, offers protection to the persecuted in quite the same way as the prohibition of torture in the human rights conventions does in prohibiting the deportation of an individual to a country where he/she may suffer inhuman treatment.
		In the Finnish legislation on aliens, the prerequisites for granting asylum are defined according to the stipulations in the UN Covention Relating to the Status of Refugees.
	www.ykliitto.fi /ourcomhr/23rightto.html (211 words)

	Declaration on Territorial Asylum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Recognizing that the grant of asylum by a State to persons entitled to invoke article 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a peaceful and humanitarian act and that, as such, it cannot be regarded as unfriendly by any other State,
		Asylum granted by a State, in the exercise of its sovereignty, to persons entitled to invoke article 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, including persons struggling against colonialism, shall be respected by all other States.
		States granting asylum shall not permit persons who have received asylum to engage in activities contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu3/b/o_asylum.htm (472 words)

	[03 Oct 1996] GA/L/3007 : ASSEMBLY WOULD DECLARE POSSIBLE LIMITS ON RIGHT OF ASYLUM FOR TERRORISTS, UNDER PROPOSAL BY ...
		The representative of Tunisia also stressed the obligation of States to ensure that the right of asylum was not misused by terrorists, while the representative of Canada said it was also important to avoid such misuse of the refugee system by terrorists.
		The protection of human rights was a State responsibility; the fight against terrorism could not justify a failure to respect human rights.
		Israel's opposition to the right of the Lebanese people in the south of his country to self-determination was deplorable, he said.
	www.fas.org /nuke/control/nt/docs/ga-l-3007.htm (2283 words)

	Human Rights in New Zealand Today: Chapter 12 The right to asylum
		The Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCROC) is also relevant, since it stipulates that a child should not be separated from his or her parents except when determined by competent authorities.
		However, the UN Human Rights Committee in Geneva has signalled that it is worried about the 'negative' impact of these new laws and procedures on asylum seekers, and about the possible expulsion of some people who may be genuine refugees (United Nations, 2002).
		The case has led to public unease that human rights standards are being abrogated in the interests of national security (Campbell, 2003; 2004) and that the present legislation may broaden the grounds on which refugee applicants are excluded, or narrow existing procedural protection.
	www.hrc.co.nz /report/chapters/chapter12/asylum01.html (1823 words)

	14. Right to Asylum in Other Countries from Persecution
		2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
		See also the related stories for Articles 18, the right to thought, conscience and religion, and 27, the right to participate in the cultural life of the community.
		Political Asylum: Legal permission to live in a country given by its government to people fleeing danger or persecution in the country of origin.
	www.un.org /Pubs/CyberSchoolBus/globalatlas/14sp.htm (1833 words)

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