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Topic: Riksdag of the Estates

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	The history of the Riksdag - Riksdagen
		The dominance of the estates was successively weakened by economic crises, antagonisms between the estates and corruption, and it was finally brought to an end through a bloodless coup d'état by King Gustav III in 1772.
		On 10 January 1975, the ceremonial opening of the Riksdag, which from that year was called the opening of the Riksdag session, was held in temporary premises at Sergels torg.
		The 1975 Riksdag session ended after the spring following a decision to move the beginning of the Riksdag's working year from the spring to the autumn.
	www.riksdagen.se /templates/R_Page____798.aspx (1019 words)

	Riksdag of the Estates - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Riksdag of the Estates, or Ståndsriksdagen, was the name used for the Estates of the Swedish realm, or Rikets ständer, when they were assembled.
		At the Riksdag in 1517 regent Sten Sture the Younger and the Privy Council pushed for the decision to depose archbishop Gustav Trolle, which started a chain of events that led to the Stockholm Bloodbath and eventually the dissolution of the Kalmar Union.
		The Diet of Finland which was the successor to the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates in Finland, was dissolved in 1905.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Riksdag_of_the_Estates (466 words)

	Learn more about Riksdag in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Riksdag or Sveriges Riksdag is the Parliament of Sweden.
		The precursor to the Riksdag was the Riksdag of the Estates or Ståndsriksdagen.
		In 1866 all the Estates voted dissolve the Riksdag of the Estates and establish a new Riksdag.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /r/ri/riksdag.html (786 words)

	Talman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lantmarskalk - leader of Swedish Riksdag of the Estates and talman of the Estate of the Nobility
		Talman - the leader of the Estate of the Clergy in the Riksdag of the Estates
		Talman - the leader of the Estate of the Burgesses in the Riksdag of the Estates
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talman (147 words)

	Diet of Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Diet of Finland, Suomen valtiopäivät or Finlands Lantdag, was the legislative assembly, and successor to the Riksdag of the Estates, of the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1809 to 1906.
		The central event at Porvoo was the sovereign pledge and the oaths of the Estates in on March 29.
		Each of the Estates swore their oaths of allegiance, committing themselves to accepting the Emperor and Grand Duke of Finland as the true authority, and to keeping the constitution and the form of government unchanged.
	www.americancanyon.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Diet_of_Porvoo (800 words)

	Absolute Monarchy in Sweden Information - TextSheet.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The second obliged him to abide, not by the decision of all the estates together, as heretofore, but by that of the majority only, with the view of enabling, the actually dominant lower estates (in which was a large Cap majority) to rule without, and even in spite of, the nobility.
		The new constitution of August 20, 1772 which Gustav III of Sweden imposed upon the terrified Riksdag of the Estates at the bayonet's point, converted a weak and disunited republic into a strong but limited monarchy, in which the balance of power inclined, on the whole, to the side of the monarch.
		The estates could only assemble when summoned by him; he could dismiss them whenever he thought fit; and their deliberations were to be confined exclusively to the propositions which he might think fit to lay before them.
	www.search-mesothelioma.com /encyclopedia/a/ab/absolute_monarchy_in_sweden.html (1956 words)

	Modernization of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is true that in the Riksdag of 1882 the commercial treaty with France was renewed, but since 1885 the protectionist party was prepared to begin the combat, and a duty on barley, which had been proposed in the Riksdag of the same year, was rejected by only a slight majority.
		In the Riksdag of 1887 there was a majority for protection in the Second Chamber, and in the first the majority against the tax was so small that the tax on barley would have triumphed in a combined meeting of the two chambers.
		The Riksdag of 1900, in addition to grants for the fortifications at Boden, in Norrbotten County, on the border of Russian controlled Finland, and other military objects, voted a considerable grant for an experimental mobilization, which fully exposed the defects and faults of the old system.
	www.portaljuice.com /modernization_of_sweden.html (2539 words)

	Riksdag of the Estates (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Until its dissolution in 1866 the highest authority in Sweden next to the King was the Riksdag of the Estates or Ståndsriksdagen.
		The only corporation out of the four estates that exists today is the Swedish nobility or Riddarhuset, which legally still has a quasi-official role as the representation of the nobility.
		The Constitution of Sweden from 1809 divided the powers of Government between the Bernadotte Kings and the Riksdag of the Estates, and after 1866 with the new Riksdag.
	www.theezine.net /r/riksdag-of-the-estates.html (240 words)

	Riksdag of the Estates (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Riksdag of the Estates or Ståndsriksdagen was the name used for the of the Swedish realm or Rikets ständer when they were assembled.
		At the Riksdag in 1680 a large scale reduction (a return of lands to the earlier granted to the nobility) was decided.
		The Diet of Finland which was the successor to the Riksdag of the Estates in Finland was in 1905.
	www.freeglossary.com /The_Swedish_Riksdag_of_the_Estates (893 words)

	Speaker of the Riksdag - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Speaker, or Talman, of the Riksdag is the chairman of the national parliament in Sweden.
		The new Riksdag was created in 1867, when the old Riksdag of the Estates institution was abolished and included two chambers, each with its own speaker.
		Since the intoduction of parliamentarism in the 1920s the Riksdag has properly functioned as the Parliament of Sweden.
	www.kernersville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Speaker_of_the_Riksdag (171 words)

	Riksdag of the Estates (Site not responding. Last check: )
		At the Riksdag in 1517 regent Sten Sture the Younger and the Privy Council pushed for the decision to depose archbishop GustavTrolle, which started a chain of events that led to the Stockholm Bloodbath and eventually the dissolution of the Kalmar Union.
		At the Riksdag in 1680 a large scale reduction (a return of lands to the Crownearlier granted to the nobility) was decided.
		The Diet of Finland whichwas the successor to the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates in Finland, was dissolved in 1905.
	www.therfcc.org /riksdag-of-the-estates-65952.html (433 words)

	History Of The Riksdag (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The precursor to the modern Riksdag was the Riksdag of the Estates or Ståndsriksdagen.
		This informal representation was formalized in 1527 by King Gustav I of Sweden to include representatives of all the Four Estates, which historically reflected the lines of division in Swedish society: Nobility, Clergy, Burgesses and Peasants.
		The last time the King attempted to exercise political authority was in February, 1914 when King Gustav V delivered a speech to 30,000 Peasants, assembled on the yard of the Royal Castle in Stockholm, an action which precipitated the fall the incumbent liberal cabinet, headed by Prime Minister Karl Staaff.
	www.wikiverse.org /history-of-the-riksdag (754 words)

	Riksdag of the Estates
		Riksdag of the Estates is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		Riksdag of the Estates: Encyclopedia II - Estates of the realm - In France
		This was merely a temporary solution and in 1810 the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates chose the Marshal of France, Jean-Baptiste B...
	www.experiencefestival.com /riksdag_of_the_estates (1046 words)

	Diet (assembly) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Riksdag of the Estates was the diet of the four estates of Sweden, from the 15th century until 1866.
		The Diet of Finland, was the successor to the Riksdag of the Estates in the Grand Duchy of Finland, from 1809 to 1918.
		In some democratic countries, the legislative branch of the country is known as the Diet.
	www.southhouston.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Diet_(assembly) (232 words)

	Charles IX of Sweden
		The nobility and the majority of the Riksdag of the Estates supported John, however, in his endeavours to unify the realm, and Charles had consequently (1587) to resign his pretensions to autonomy within his duchy; but, fanatical Calvinist as he was, on the religious question he was immovable.
		In 1595 the Riksdag of Söderköping elected Charles regent, and his attempt to force Klas Flemming, governor of Finland, to submit to his authority, rather than to that of the king, provoked a civil war.
		King Charles IX Finally, the Riksdag at Linköping, February 24, 1600 declared that Sigismund and his posterity had forfeited the Swedish throne, and, passing over duke John, the second son of John III, a youth of ten, recognized duke Charles as their sovereign under the title of Charles IX.
	usapedia.com /c/charles-ix-of-sweden.html (855 words)

	Riksdag, The Swedish Parliament
		The Riksdag and is situated in Sweden's capitol Stockholm.
		In the Riksdag of the Estates the Riksdag had four “houses”, each with its own representation of the population.
		In 1865 the mediaeval Riksdag of the Estates was abolished and replaced by a Bicameral Riksdag (two Chambers).
	www.algonet.se /~hogman/riksdag_eng.htm (1701 words)

	Speaker of the Riksdag - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The speaker is the head of the Riksdag.
		While the speaker is one of the elected representatives of the Riksdag, he is expected to remain unbiased and objective in regards to the political issues that are processed there.
		One of the more important aspects of the work of the speaker is to head the negotiations concerning the forming of a new government in case there is a shift of power after an election.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Speaker_of_the_Riksdag (386 words)

	Learn more about Sweden in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Executive power was shared between the King and a noble Privy Council until 1680, followed by the King's autocratic rule initiated by the common estates of the Parliament.
		As a reaction to the failed Great Northern War Parliamentarism was introduced in 1719, followed by three different flavours of Constitutional Monarchy in 1772, 1789 and 1809, the latter granting several civil liberties.
		In 1971, the Parliament or Riksdag became unicameral.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /s/sw/sweden.html (1709 words)

	INSTRUMENT OF GOVERNMENT (1809) FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1866 the Four Estates were replaced by a bicameral parliament, and in 1876 the office of the Prime_Minister_of_Sweden was introduced.
		In the early 20th_century universal suffrage was introduced and the country became a ''de facto'' parliamentary monarchy.
		In 1970 the parliament was transformed from a bicameral legislature to the unicameral Riksdag.
	www.witwib.com /Instrument_of_Government_(1809) (348 words)

	Riksdag . 1865 . Riksdag of the Estates . Constitution of Sweden . Norwegian language . Parliament . Politics of Sweden ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Main article: Government of Sweden After holding talks with leaders of the various party groups in the Riksdag, the Speaker of the Riksdag nominates a Prime Minister of Sweden Prime Minister.
		In 1866 all the Estates voted in favor of dissolution and at the same time to found a new assembly, Riksdag The Swedish Riksdag or Sveriges Riksdag.
		Main article: Parliament of Sweden The unicameral Riksdag has 349 members, popularly elected every 4 years and is in session generally from September through mid-June.
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Riksdag (554 words)

	Talman . Swedish nobility . Lantmarskalk . Speaker of the Riksdag . Parliament of Finland . Riksdag of the Estates . ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Speaker of the Riksdag Talman - the speaker of the Swedish Riksdag Talman - the speaker in the Finnish Parliament of Finland Riksdag Eduskunta
		The Riksdag of the Estates, or Ståndsriksdagen, was the name used for the Estates of the Realm of Sweden Swedish realm, or Rikets ständer, when...
		The Riksdag is a unicameral assembly with 349 members, which are publicly elected on a...
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Talman (480 words)

	Privy Council of Sweden Information - TextSheet.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This provided opportunity for Riksdag of the Estates to influence the Constitutionss of 1719 and 1721, that gave Sweden half a century of parliamentary government.
		The loss of the Finnish War in 1809 by his son Gustav IV Adolf restored initiative to the Estates which used it to remove the King and replace him with a new dynasty and a new constitution.
		In 1866 the Estates were abolished and the new Riksdag was organized in two chambers.
	www.search-mesothelioma.com /encyclopedia/p/pr/privy_council_of_sweden.html (694 words)

	[No title]
		At that time Sweden was ruled by the King and therefore the Riksdag, which then represented the Four Estates, considered that some institution that was independent of the King was needed in order to ensure that laws and statutes were obeyed.
		An Ombudsman is an individual elected by the Riksdag to ensure that courts of law and other agencies as well as the public officials they employ (and also anyone else whose work involves the exercise of public authority) comply with laws and statutes and fulfil their obligations in all other respects.
		Each Ombudsman has a direct individual responsibility to the Riksdag for his or her actions. The Annual Reports - which is one of the official publications of the Swedish Riksdag - is submitted to the Standing Committee on the Constitution, which then draws up its own written report and notifies the Riksdag.
	www.jo.se /Page.asp?MenuId=12&ObjectClass=DynamX_Documents&Language=en (622 words)

	Gustav III's Russian War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The staged attack which caused an outrage in Stockholm, was to convince the Riksdag of the Estates and to provide Gustav with an excuse to declare war on Russia.
		Before the grand opening of the Riksdag in 1789 King Gustav III had the Riksdag Music commissioned.
		The Parliament then decided on the creation of a National Debt Office to raise funds and finance the war, a move that gave rise to a wave of inflation of the Swedish Riksdaler.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Russo-Swedish_War (553 words)

	Louis De Geer Biography
		As a member of the nobility he took part in the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates from 1851 onwards.
		His greatest achievement, as a statesman, was the reform of the Swedish representative system, whereby he substituted a bi-cameral elective parliament, on modern lines, for the existing cumbersome representation by estates, a survival from the later middle ages.
		This great measure was accepted by the Riksdag in December 1865, and received the royal sanction on the June 22, 1866.
	www.biographybase.com /biography/De_Geer_Louis.html (336 words)

	Politics of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Act of Succession is a treaty between the old Riksdag of the Estates and The House of Bernadotte regulating their rights to accede to the Swedish throne.
		King Carl XVI Gustav of the House of Bernadotte became king in 1973.
		The unicameral Riksdag has 349 members, popularly elected every 4 years and is in session generally from September through mid-June.
	www.1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/p/po/politics_of_sweden.html (540 words)

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