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	Riparian forest - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Riparian forest is a forested area of land adjacent to a body of water such as a river, stream, ponds, lakes, marshlands, estuary, canals, playas, and reservoirs.
		Riparian forests are often subject to frequent innundation.
		Riparian forests help control sediment, often reduce the damaging effects of flooding, and aid in the stability of riverbanks.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Riparian_forest (145 words)

	Riparian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Riparian areas or zones are the interface between land and water.
		Riparian zones are an important matter in civil engineering due to their significance for managing erosion control, their ecologies and the large effect they have on aquatic ecosystems.
		Research has shown that riparian ecosystems are vital to the health of all aquatic ecosystems as they filter out pollutants from land runoff, prevent erosion, and provide shelter and food for many aquatic animals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Riparian (120 words)

	Riparian Doctrine Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian rights may be exercised on contiguous land so long as all of the lands are in the same watershed.
		Riparian users are entitled to "reasonable use" which may cause some diminution of streamflow so long as other riparians are not "unreasonably" harmed.
		Since riparian rights are governed by common law which is composed of doctrines and precedents established by the courts in individual cases read together, common law is subject to refinement and modification as new cases are litigated.
	www.dep.state.pa.us /dep/subject/hotopics/drought/facts/RipDoc_factsheet.htm (357 words)

	Riparian Forests
		A riparian forest is the forested area of land adjacent to a body of water, stream, river, bay, or marsh.
		Riparian forests are also capable of transforming toxic chemical and pesticides to nontoxic forms through microbiological decomposition, oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and solar oxidation.
		Riparian forests stabilize stream banks by providing deep root systems which hold the soil in place and by providing a degree of roughness capable of slowing runoff velocities and spreading flow during storm events.
	www.tctcwa.org /html/body_riparian_forests.html (1827 words)

	Riparian Areas Environmental Uniqueness, Functions, and Values \| RCA Publication Archive \| Analysis Publications \| ...
		Soil in natural riparian areas consists of stratified sediments of varying textures that are subject to intermittent flooding or fluctuating water tables that may reach the surface.
		The uniqueness of riparian areas derives from the fact that litter-fall produced within the riparian ecosystem may be transported laterally and made available to in-stream animal communities as well as those downstream from the source of organic matter production.
		Riparian areas supply food, cover, and water for a large diversity of animals and serve as migration routes and stopping points between habitats for a variety of wildlife.
	www.nrcs.usda.gov /technical/land/pubs/ib11text.html (1561 words)

	Dictionary.com/Word of the Day: riparian
		Riparian areas are the green, vegetated areas on each side of streams and rivers.
		Along its serpentine course, the Charles River widens and narrows, and its riparian sounds swell to crescendos in places or relax to the low purr of a river at peace.
		Riparian is from the Latin, ripari-us + -an, from Latin ripa, the bank of a river.
	dictionary.reference.com /wordoftheday/archive/2002/10/20.html (184 words)

	Protecting Riparian Areas: Farmland Management Strategies
		A riparian area with a diversity of vegetation is able to trap 80 to 90% of the sediments transported from fields (Naiman and Decamps, 1997).
		Riparian areas are the main source of moisture for plants and wildlife within watersheds, especially in arid regions or during the dry season in more temperate climates.
		Riparian vegetation growth, soil fertility and porosity, water quality, and stream flow conditions all affect the ability of fish and wildlife to thrive in streams and their associated riparian areas.
	www.attra.org /attra-pub/riparian.html (9356 words)

	Riparian/Wetland Areas
		The "health" of a riparian or wetland area may be defined as its ability to perform its normal functions, including sediment and nutrient filtering, stream bank building, water storing, aquifer recharging, providing fish and wildlife habitat, and dissipating stream energy.
		Riparian areas that consist of aspen and cottonwood, incorporating herbaceous and shrubby components, are very important for numerous species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
		Riparian areas also serve as big game migration routes between summer and winter range; provide travel corridors or connectors between habitat types for many terrestrial species such as carnivores, birds, and bats; and play an important role within landscapes as corridors for dispersal of plants.
	www.co.missoula.mt.us /measures/Riparian.htm (1711 words)

	Riparian Forest Buffers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian forests refer to the areas of forested land adjacent to a body of water, stream, river, marsh, or shoreline which form the transition between the aquatic and the terrestrial environment.
		The concept behind a riparian buffer is to put the natural benefits and functions of riparian areas to work in non-point source pollution control.
		Riparian forests are integral to the health of the Bay and its rivers for many reasons.
	www.chesapeakebay.net /ripar1.htm (914 words)

	Riparian Zone Characteristics
		Riparian zones typically consist of vegetated corridors adjacent to stream channels.
		riparian zone contains a small 1st-order stream that is fed predominantly by groundwater originating in the adjacent agricultural field.
		Sap flow sensors have been placed in five trees within the riparian zone, to take direct measurements of tree sap flow during the growing season.
	hydrolab.arsusda.gov /ope3/slideshows/angier/jashow.htm (177 words)

	riparian bush (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian vegetation is an important source of food for both fish and aquatic insects.
		Riparian bush in good condition is usually found in bush run country where fire may occur at regular intervals, and grazing, while not heavy, is uncontrolled.
		Riparian vegetation is an important source of woody debris for rivers and its removal or absence disrupts the ecological balance of the stream.
	www.bushcare.tas.gov.au /info/riparian.htm (2193 words)

	Riparian Buffer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Also called a riparian corridor or forested buffer, it is the area of land next to a stream - the streambanks and floodplain area.
		Riparian buffers provide numerous environmental and recreational benefits to streams, groundwater and downstream land areas.
		Riparian buffer areas should not be mowed frequently --only about once per year for newly created buffer areas.
	www.greenworks.tv /stormwater/riparianbuffer.htm (445 words)

	Restoration - Riparian Forest Buffers - general info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian forest buffers are areas of forested land adjacent to streams, rivers, marshes or shoreline that form the transition between land and water environments.
		Riparian forest buffers are integral to the health of the Chesapeake Bay and its rivers for many reasons.
		Leaf Food: Leaves from the riparian forest fall into streams and are trapped on woody debris (fallen trees and limbs) and rocks where they provide food and habitat for small bottom-dwelling creatures (i.e., crustaceans, amphibians, insects and small fish), which are critical to the aquatic food chain.
	www.chesapeakebay.net /info/forestbuff.cfm (1073 words)

	Riparian Areas on the Colorado Plateau
		Riparian habitats, at the interface between wet and dry systems, are defined by the plants that inhabit them.
		Riparian plants depend on an intact hydrological regime where groundwater is maintained and natural surface flows occur.
		Wetland and riparian habitats also support a disproportionate number of species that are of concern because they migrate to neotropical areas, have small continental populations, or are declining.
	www.cpluhna.nau.edu /Biota/riparian_communities.htm (1043 words)

	Riparian Area Loss and Degradation on the Colorado Plateau
		Riparian areas are critical ecosystems in the semi-arid landscape of the Colorado Plateau, yet in the last few decades many have been seriously degraded and others entirely lost due to human activities and land use.
		The degradation of riparian communities on the Colorado Plateau began in the early 19th century with the near extirpation of the region's beaver population by fur trappers.
		Riparian systems at lower elevations on the Colorado Plateau are now increasingly characterized by a reduction of plant species diversity and density.
	www.cpluhna.nau.edu /Biota/riparian_degradation.htm (1827 words)

	Cattle & Riparian Areas
		Riparian areas are very fertile and resilient to damage because of sediment deposits and the constant supply of fresh water.
		In the past, riparian areas were often considered sacrifice areas because they were such a small part of the landscape and were difficult to manage.
		A healthy riparian area should have a variety of plant species, from sedges and rushes to forbs, shrubs and trees, although not all streams are capable of supporting the large plants like shrubs and trees.
	www.cnr.uidaho.edu /range456/hot-topics/cows-riparian.htm (2088 words)

	Riparian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian areas are the green zones along banks of rivers and streams, and around springs, bogs, wet meadows, lakes and ponds.
		They are some of the most productive ecosystems in the West, with a great diversity of plant and wildlife species, Healthy riparian systems purify water by removing sediment as it moves through vegetation.
		Riparian vegetation absorbs and dissipates the energy of flood waters which cause stream bank erosion.
	www.mtweed.org /Impacts/Riparian/riparian.html (183 words)

	Caring for riparian areas
		Riparian ecosystems are the green ribbons of lush vegetation located adjacent to rivers, creeks, lakes, springs, wetlands and coulees.
		Riparian areas account for only 1-2% of the total land base of the Prairies, however they provide important environmental and economic benefits.
		Fields with riparian range sites can be grazed each year, however timing of the grazing is important to ensure that it does not impair important ecological functions.
	www.agr.gc.ca /pfra/land/riparian_e.htm (496 words)

	riparian enhancement
		Riparian forest, shaded riverine aquatic, and steelhead habitat
		The purpose of the project was to mitigate for losses of shaded riverine aquatic (SRA) and riparian forest habitat incurred by an offsite emergency levee repair project.
		Riparian, oak woodland and savannah, emergent marsh, open water, seasonal wetland, vernal pool, perennial grassland and Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle habitats.
	www.restoration-resources.net /site/riparian.html (600 words)

	Riparian Habitat Joint Venture
		Riparian habitats were a clear first priority for a CalPIF Joint Venture because they have the highest diversity and productivity of landbirds of any terrestrial habitat type in the western United States.
		Deciduous riparian forests, comprised mostly of willow, alder, cottonwood and dense undergrowth bordering streams and lakes, have largely been lost to stream channelization, development, logging, grazing and water diversion throughout the west.
		Riparian habitats are those plant communities supporting woody vegetation found along rivers, creeks and streams.
	www.prbo.org /calpif/htmldocs/rhjv (891 words)

	Encyclopedia topic: Riparian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Typical riparian zone trees in the eastern United States (North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776) include:
		Other riparian zone plants include grass (Narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay) es, sedge (Grasslike or rushlike plant growing in wet places having solid stems, narrow grasslike leaves and spikelets of inconspicuous flowers) s, wingstem, and others.
		Research has shown that riparian ecosystem (A system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment) s are vital to the health of all other aquatic ecosystems as they filter out pollutants from land runoff, prevent erosion, and provide shelter and food for many aquatic animals.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ri/riparian.htm (407 words)

	Earth Observation Magazine
		Extensive riparian forests and woodland communities apparently occupied the lower reach of the Rio Grande in Texas.
		Riparian vegetation along the lower Rio Grande has not been studied intensively, although qualitative information consistent with the procedures and the times has been documented.
		To preserve existing riparian forest remnants and to establish a wildlife corridor along the river, federal and state governments are purchasing land.
	www.eomonline.com /Common/Archives/1998oct/98oct_air.html (1422 words)

	Riparian Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian communities, vegetative zones associated with rivers and streams, are critically important habitats, especially in arid or semi-arid situations, such as the American West.
		A bibliography of riparian and related topics with emphasis on the Intermountain West.
		Riparian communities: An annotated bibliography of ecosystem and management topics with emphasis on the Intermountain West.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/literatr/riparian/riparian.htm (320 words)

	California's Coastal-Riparian Woodlands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Unfortunately, many riparian woodlands have been destroyed over the last century because the fertile soils along rivers are among the most sought after for agricultural lands, and because numerous rivers have been channelized for flood control projects.
		Along the south coast, where drier conditions prevail, the contrast between the lush, green riparian community and the drier, brown surroundings may be even more striking.
		, are common riparian trees in central and southern coastal regions.
	ceres.ca.gov /ceres/calweb/coastal/trees/riparian.html (228 words)

	SDCP Riparian Protection
		Although sixty to seventy-five percent of all species in Arizona rely on a riparian environment at some point during their life cycle, a number of streams and springs in and near Tucson have ceased to flow year round or are affected by a lower water table.
		Riparian resources and aquatic systems are the most vulnerable and least protected habitats in Pima County.
		Protecting self-sustaining riparian and aquatic ecosystems that already exist is preferable to the creation of new or enhanced areas of riparian and aquatic life that depend on continual artificial inputs of water, energy, and materials.
	www.co.pima.az.us /cmo/sdcp/Riparian.html (1073 words)

	Riparian Forest Buffers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Riparian forests differ from upland forests in their hydrology, plant community, soils, and topography.
		Riparian forests are often surrounded by low-quality wildlife habitats and therefore support higher densities and diversities of migratory birds.
		Studies have shown that riparian forests as narrow as 50 feet in width can completely remove excess nitrogen as it moves from farm fields through the forests to the adjacent stream.
	www.dof.virginia.gov /rfb/index.shtml (596 words)

	Riparian Areas
		Riparian zones or areas have been defined in several ways, but they are essentially the narrow strips of land that border creeks, rivers or other bodies of water.
		The easiest riparian zone to work with is one that is large enough to be fenced and used as a separate pasture where total control of livestock entry and exit is possible.
		Where riparian zones are narrow and fencing into a specialized pasture is impractical, late summer use may be detrimental.
	www.cropinfo.net /ripiarian.htm (1545 words)

	riparian rights on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Optimizing the placement of riparian practices in a watershed using terrain analysis.
		Potential for soil erosion from decreased litterfall due to riparian clearcutting: implications for boreal forestry and warm- and cool-water fisheries.
		Stream bank erosion adjacent to riparian forest buffers, row-crop fields, and continuously-grazed pastures along Bear Creek in central Iowa.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-riparian.asp (317 words)

	Riparian Zone Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Studied a riparian site in NE Connecticut that is currently double cropped in corn and winter rye in preparation for a comparison study when part of the site is reforested for 35 m from the stream channel.
		Three riparian zones on a stream in the Lake Taupo Basin, New Zealand, were compared for their soil physical/chemical/microbial properties after 12 years of the same vegetation.
		Studied four forested riparian zones in the Baltimore, MD region, one of which was not urbanized and served as a control.
	www.unl.edu /nac/ripzone03.htm (15630 words)

	[No title]
		rizona's riparian areas are narrow strips of lush vegetation along rivers, streams and washes.
		Many people are working to study and preserve remaining riparian areas and to renovate damaged areas.
		One reach of the Verde River is protected as a "Wil d and Scenic River." Stretches of the Colorado River lie within National Parks or National Wildlife Refuges.
	ag.arizona.edu /AZWATER/azmap/ripr.html (335 words)

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