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Topic: Ripuarian Franconian

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Low Franconian

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Ripuarian Franconian

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Franconian Forest

South Low Franconian

Low Saxon Low Franconian

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	German Language - LoveToKnow 1911
		The chief characteristic of the division is to be sought in the ending of the first and third person plural of the present indicative of verbs, this being in the former case -en, in the latter -et.
		The Alemannic dialect which, roughly speaking, is separated from Bavarian by the Lech and borders on Italian territory in the south and on French in the west, is subdivided into: (a) Swabian, the dialect of the kingdom of Wurttemberg and the north-western part of Tirol (cf.
		The High Franconian dialects, that is to say, east and south (or south-Rhenish) Franconian, which are separated broadly speaking by the river Neckar, comprise the language spoken in a part of Baden, the dialects of the Main valley from Wiirzburg upwards to Bamberg, the dialect of Nuremberg and probably of the Vogtland (Plauen) and Egerland.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /German_Language (6804 words)

	Franks - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Old Frankish language spoken by the early Franks is not directly attested, but it left its imprint on many Old French and even Latin loanwords.
		It evolved into Old Low Franconian (also called Old Dutch) in the Low Countries from the 7th century and was replaced by Old French further south.
		Gregory's sources tentatively identify Meroveus (Merovech) as king of the Franks and possibly a son of Chlodio.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Franks (2588 words)

	German language
		Sometimes, Low Saxon and Low Franconian are grouped together because both are unaffected by the High German consonant shift.
		It is spoken in the southeastern Netherlands, eastern Belgium, Luxembourg, parts of France, and in Germany approximately between the River Main and the southern edge of the Lowlands.
		The Moselle Franconian varieties spoken in Luxembourg have been officially standardised and institutionalised and are therefore usually considered a separate language known as Luxembourgish.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/german_language.html (6544 words)

	KillerTux.com Wikipedia Scraper
		Ripuarian is a West Germanic dialect group spoken in the Rhineland, eastern Belgium and southern Dutch Limburg from northwest of DÃ¼sseldorf and Cologne to Aachen in the west, and WaldbrÃ¶l in the east.
		Dialects belonging to the Ripuarian group often call themselves Platt like Ã—cher Platt (of Aachen) or Eischwiele Platt (of Eschweiler) or BÃ¶nsch Platt (of Bonn).
		Ripuarian forms a common dialect family called Central Franconian together with the Moselle Franconian in Luxembourg and Rhineland-Palatinate.
	www.killertux.com /node/45?lookup=Ripuarian (86 words)

	Ripuarian - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Ripuarian, Rhinish, or Middle Franconian is a western Germanic dialect group in Rhineland, eastern Belgium and southern Dutch Limburg from northwest of Düsseldorf and Cologne to Aachen in the west, and Siegen in the east.
		Ripurian forms a common dialect family together with the Moselle Franconian in Luxembourg and Rhineland-Palatinate.
		Ripuarian was the name of a Frank who lived during the 4th century near Cologne along the Rhine.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/r/i/p/Ripuarian.html (147 words)

	Untitled Document
		South Franconian (Südfränkisch or Südrheinfränkisch) - This is a linguistic region that lies as a border swath between the Swabian-Alemannic, North Bavarian, East Franconian, and Rhine Franconian regions.
		Ripuarian (Ripuarisch) - This dialect is primarliy spoken in Cologne.
		A sharp boundary from the Rothaar mountains divides Lower Saxon from Franconian and Hessian.
	www.lerc.educ.ubc.ca /lerc/courses/489/worldlang/german/classification.html (1533 words)

	Search Results - franconian languages
		Franconian is a linguistic marker for a number of West Germanic languages and dialects spoken in the former core of the Frankish Empire: the Low Countries (The Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) and western Germany (around Aachen, Cologne and Trier)
		Linguists doubt whether there really is a Franconian linguistic family as no proof exists that the present Franconian languages and dialects historically developed from a common ancestor language.
		They are spoken in the Netherlands, Belgium, South Africa, Namibia, the western tip of Germany, Suriname, the Caribbean as well as in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
	zitku.info /directory/search.php?q=Franconian_languages (639 words)

	high german (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The name "High German" contrasts with "Low German", a term variously used to refer to the Low Saxon dialects originating from around the Baltic city of Lübeck; these dialects together with the Low Franconian languages (Dutch, West Flemish, and Afrikaans); or all of the Western Germanic languages other than High German (including English and Frisian).
		Note that divisions between subfamilies of Germanic are rarely precisely defined; most form continuous clines, with adjacent dialects being mutually intelligible and more separated ones not.
		East Franconian, colloquially miscalled Franconian because dialects of this sub-family are spoken all over Franconia
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /High_German (441 words)

	Reginheim
		Chamavians: Franconian tribe that lived between the Dutch river Vecht (province of Overijssel) and the German river Ems, the Medieval gau of Hamaland near the river IJssel was named after them.
		Chattians: (Hattians) the Germanic name of this Franconian tribe may have been Haþjon ("Battlers"), they lived between the modern German cities of Kassel and Würzburg and supported the rebellion of Arminius and also the Batavian rebellion, in the 3rd century AD they were pushed to the north by the Alemannians.
		Tencterians: (Toncterians) Franconian tribe that lived near the modern German city of Bonn, they were known for their good cavalry and fought bitter wars with the Romans, in the 1st century AD they disappeared and have probably merged with other Franconian tribes.
	www.geocities.com /reginheim/tribes.html (3317 words)

	German language - Databank
		Low Franconian includes Dutch and Afrikaans, spoken primarily in the Netherlands, Belgium, Surinam and South Africa.
		It also used to be spoken in the Lower Rhine area of Germany (Cleves, Duisburg); Low German includes dialects spoken primarily in the German Lowlands and in the eastern Netherlands.
		The Moselle Franconian varieties spoken in Luxembourg have been officially standardized and institutionalized and are therefore usually considered a separate language known as Luxembourgish.
	www.notd-aftermath.com /databank/index.php?title=German_language (4055 words)

	West Central German - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apart from West Central German on the southern edge and in south-east Franconian dialects are turning to Upper German.
		This transition area between Central German and Upper German is captured by the dialect families of South Franconian German and East Franconian German, colloquially miscalled Franconian, because dialects of this sub-family are spoken all over Franconia.
		West Central German also is spoken in America, for example as Amana-Deutsch.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/West_Middle_German (124 words)

	German Genealogy: Dialects
		Mosel Franconian is spoken in the region of the old Electorate of Trier.
		Ripuarian is the region of the old Electorate of Cologne (Köln).
		The southern linguistic boundary to East Franconian is formed by the ridge of the Thuringian forest.
	www.genealogienetz.de /misc/dialect-e.html (1405 words)

	German 101 > German Language > Dialects
		Low Franconian includes Dutch and Afrikaans, spoken primarily in the Netherlands, Belgium and South Africa; Plattdüütsch includes dialects spoken primarily in the German Lowlands and in the eastern Netherlands.
		The Plattdüütsch varieties are considered dialects of the German language by some, but a separate language by others; the Low Franconian varieties are not considered a part of the German language (see above for a discussion of the distinction between German and Dutch).
		The Moselle Franconian varieties spoken in Luxembourg have been officially standardized and institutionalized and are therefore usually considered a separate language, Luxembourgish language.
	www.101languages.net /german/dialects.html (459 words)

	Arnold Research Page 3
		South Franconian (Südfränkisch or Südrheinfränkisch): This is a linguistic region that lies as a border swath between the Swabian-Alemannic, North Bavarian, East Franconian, and Rhine Franconian regions.
		Ripuarian (Ripuarisch): Ripuarian is the region of the old Electorate of Cologne (Köln).
		Low Franconian (Niederfränkisch): It is not to be equated with Dutch, rather it is spoken even on the northern German Lower Rhine, while the northeastern part of the Netherlands around the region of Groningen is Lower Saxon.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~janblotz/arnoldresearch3.htm (5489 words)

	Charlemagne - Information at Halfvalue.com
		He spoke the Germanic language of the Franks of his day, which should be called Old Frankish, but linguists differ on the identity and periodisation of the language, some going so far as to say that he did not speak Old Frankish, as Charlemagne was born in 742 or 747.
		Linguists know very little about Old Frankish, as it attested mainly as phrases and words in the law codes of the main Frankish tribes (especially those of the Salian and Ripuarian Franks), which are written in Latin interspersed with Germanic elements.
		If we take LiÃ¨ge (around 750) as the centre, we find Low Franconian in the north and northwest, Gallo-Romance (the ancestor of Old French) in the south and southwest and various Old High German dialects in the east.
	www.halfvalue.com /wiki.jsp?topic=Charlemagne (8891 words)

	Search Results for Frankish - Encyclopædia Britannica
		The Ripuarian Franks, as they would be known, settled in the middle Rhine area (near Cologne) and along the lower...
		The great Carolingian dynasty passed into a decline as early as the reign of Louis the Pious, and the process was accelerated after his death in 840.
		For most of his reign the boy was dominated by Pippin II of Herstal, the Austrasian mayor of the palace.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=Frankish&submit=Find&source=MWTAB (380 words)

	introduction
		Bavarian and Austrian together form a branch of the South Germanic language tree, besides Alemannic (which includes Swabian, Alsatian and Swiss German), Franconian (which includes Main Franconian, Ripuarian, Pfälzisch, Luxembourgisch and others) and Lower German or Plattdeutsch which is much closer to Dutch and Flemish than to Standard German.
		Many Franconians don't want to be called Bavarians, as well as Bavarian don't want to call them so as well, and the cultural differences are quite striking.
		Since the 2nd world war, there is a fourth tribe living in Bavaria, the Sudeten Germans which where chasen from their homes in the north of Bohemia and mainly settled in Bavaria.
	www.geocities.com /weiszwurstwolpertinger/bavarian.html (786 words)

	Franconian language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		the Main Franconian, a (The standard German language; developed historically from West Germanic) High German dialect spoken in (additional info and facts about Franconia) Franconia (a region of (A state in southwestern Germany famous for its beer; site of an automobile factory) Bavaria, though historically distinct)
		When Franconian is taken in the last and broadest sense, the following Franconian sub-families should be distinguished:
		Ripuarian Franconian (North Rhine-Westphalia, (additional info and facts about Rhineland-Palatinate) Rhineland-Palatinate and Belgium)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fr/franconian_language.htm (332 words)

	Europe Guide : Frankish influence on the rest of Europe
		The Franks were divided in several tribes themselves, notably the Salian Franks in modern-day Belgium, Northern France and the Southern Netherlands, and the Ripuarian Franks in the Rhineland region.
		The Rhine and Moselle valleys in Germany is still known as "Franconia", and German dialects in this region are varieties of Franconian, direct descendent of the Old Ripuarian Frankish.
		The linguistic border is actually within the borders of Belgium, as the northern part ofthe province of Liege is Dutch-speaking (the "Fourons" or "Voeren"), and the the eastern part of the province of Liege is German-speaking (Ripuarian Franconian dialect).
	www.eupedia.com /europe/frankish_influence_modern_europe.shtml (2810 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The jurisdiction of the early county of Geldern was based on pagi in both Ripuaria and Batavia.
		The Ripuarian pagus is most likely to have been Keldagau, in which Geldern was located.
		A Count Unroch of Keldagau documented in 1073 was probably a brother of Gerhard Flamens, whose Batavian county straddled southern Hamaland, Veluwe and Teisterbant and incorporated the region of Hamaland that had been placed under the Hessian count Wernher I in 1025.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/d/c/dcj121/prosop/counts/countyA/county21.htm (536 words)

	German - WikiTextbook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Low German varieties (spoken on German territory) are considered dialects of the German language by some, but a separate language by others.
		Sometimes, Low German and Low Franconian are grouped together because both did not participate in the High German consonant shift.
		Low Franconian is any of several West Germanic languages spoken in the Netherlands, northern Belgium, and South Africa, descended from Old Dutch.Low-Franconian varieties are also spoken in the German area along the Rhine between Cologne and the border between Germany and the Netherlands.
	wikitextbook.co.uk /index.php/German (583 words)

	TEAM[3D] - Desire. Discipline. Dedication.
		Because of the sheer size of his empire, and the number of ethnicities and languages spoken within its borders, Charlemagne's name has been preserved in many different languages in different forms.
		He had a golden buckle for his cloak on such occasions and would appear with his great diadem, but he despised such apparel, according to Einhard, and usually dressed as the common people.
		If Gallo-Romance is excluded, that means he either spoke Old Low Franconian or an Old High German dialect, probably with a strong Frankish influence.
	www.team3d.net /?73055 (7284 words)

	Franks: anne frank, frank zappa, frank lloyd wright (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		It evolved into Old Low Franconian in the Low Countries and from the 7th century was replaced by Old French further south.
		Not many illuminated manuscripts survive from the Merovingian period, though the few that do contain a great deal of zoomorphic representations.
		By the ninth century, if not earlier, this division had in practice become virtually non-existent but continued, for some time, to have implications for the legal system under which a person could go on trial.
	advantacell.com /wiki/Franks (1998 words)

	GERMAN LANGUAGE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Low Franconian includes Dutch and Flemish, spoken in the Netherlands and Belgium; Low Saxon includes dialects spoken in the German Lowlands and in the eastern Netherlands.
		Central German dialects include Ripuarian, Luxembourgish, Moselle_Franconian, Rhine_Franconian, Hessian, Thuringian, and Upper Saxon, and are spoken in the southeastern Netherlands, eastern Belgium, Luxembourg, parts of France, and in Germany approximately between the River Main and the southern edge of the Lowlands.
		They are spoken in parts of the Alsace, southern Germany, Liechtenstein, Austria, and in the German-speaking parts of Switzerland and Italy.
	velocipay.com /German_language (3212 words)

	Samuel Butler : Life of Hugo Grotius (1826) - Free Online Books @ PreteristArchive.com
		Contemplating the Netherlands in the first of these views,-we shall briefly mention the Boundaries and Government, of the German Empire, and the state of learning in its territories, during the Carlovingian, Saxon, Franconian and Suabian Dynasties, and the period, which intervened, between the last Suabian emperor and the election of the Emperor Charles the fifth.
		Throughout this period, commerce was always upon the increase; and literature, science and art, increased with it.
		Four statues of emperors of the house of Saxony, of the workmanship of these times, are still to be seen at Spires; they are rudely fashioned, but are animated, and have distinct and expressive countenances.
	www.preteristarchive.com /Books/1826_butler_grotius.html (5543 words)

	Tips Tricks Resources \| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Low Germanic dialects are those dialects that were not affected by the High German consonant shift.
		The Low Germanic dialect is comprised of two subgroups – Low Franconian and Low German.
		The Upper German dialects are also used in certain parts of the Alsace, as well as in southern Germany, Liechtenstein, Austria, and in certain parts of Switzerland and Italy where German is spoken.
	www.tips.com.my /ezineready.php?id=12525 (1158 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Salian
		AD, they were settled along the lower and middle Rhine.
		The two major divisions were the Salian Franks in the north and the Ripuarian Franks in the south.
		With the end of the Saxon line on the death of Henry II, the succession passed to the matrilineal descendants of Otto I, and Conrad, a Franconian noble, was elected (1024) as...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Salian (689 words)

	West Middle German -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Its dialects are thoroughly (additional info and facts about Franconian) Franconian including the following sub-families:
		Ripuarian Franconian ((additional info and facts about North Rhine-Westphalia) North Rhine-Westphalia, (additional info and facts about Rhineland-Palatinate) Rhineland-Palatinate and (A monarchy in northwestern Europe; headquarters for the European Union and for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Belgium)
		This transition area between Middle German and (additional info and facts about Upper German) Upper German is captured by the dialect families of Southern Franconian and East Franconian, colloquially miscalled Franconian, because dialects of this sub-family are spoken all over (additional info and facts about Franconia) Franconia.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/w/we/west_middle_german.htm (283 words)

	Niederfränkisch - Exeter German Dialects Linklist
		the regional Low Franconian language varieties spoken along the Lower Rhine in the west of Germany and the adjacent regions in the Netherlands.
		This is the homepage for the recently published dictionary of the Low Franconian dialect spoken in the area of Gemmenich, a Belgian village situated at the crossing of the German, Belgian, and Dutch borders.
		Bordering on Low Franconian proper, Moselle Franconian and Ripuarian Rhenish, also close to the southwesternmost Westphalian Low Saxon dialect area, is a transitional language area with largely Low Franconian and some Ripuarian features.
	www.people.ex.ac.uk /pjoyce/dialects/wndniedfr.html (1180 words)

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