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Algic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Algic (also Algonquian-Wiyot-Yurok or Algonquian-Ritwan) languages are an indigenous language family of North America. Most Algic languages are part of the Algonquian subfamily, which are spoken from the Rocky Mountains to New England. The other Algic languages are the Yurok and Wiyot languages of northwestern California. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Algic_languages   (365 words)

Algonquin language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Algonquin is an Algonquian language, of the Algic family of languages, and is descended from Proto-Algonquian. Among her sister languages are Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Cree, Fox, Menominee, Potawatomi, and Shawnee. Ojibwe and its similar languages are frequently referred to as a "Central Algonquian" language; however, Central Algonquian is an areal grouping rather than a genetic one. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Algonquin_language   (315 words)

Native American Languages - Search View - MSN Encarta Languages that have switch reference indicate whether a subject or object of a clause is the same as or different from the subject or object of an earlier clause. Languages such as Russian and Latin, which distinguish the role of a noun (such as subject, direct object, or indirect object) by case marking are said to have nominal case systems. Such languages occur in Kickapoo (Algic) in Mexico near Texas; several Oto-Manguean languages, Nahuatl dialects, and the Totonac languages in Middle America; and the Aguaruna (Jívaroan) and the Sirionó (Tupi) in South America (whistle speech is not restricted to Native American languages, several African languages also use it). uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761573518__1/Native_American_Languages.html   (3303 words)

Ebook More Info -Grammatical gender - Free For You.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) In a language with grammatical gender, each form of a determiner is associated with one gender, and therefore all nouns must be assigned a gender, whatever their meaning. In Latin language and in Romance languages the word Sol (Sun) is masculine and the word Luna (Moon) is feminine, while in German language and Germanic languages in general the opposite occurs. In Spanish language, the suffix -o is characteristic of masculine nouns and the suffix -a is characteristic of feminine nouns. grammatical.gender.en.lmoney.org   (3726 words)

All Information of Ojibwe language   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Ojibwe is an Algonquian language, of the Algic family of languages, and is descended from Proto-Algonquian language. Among its sister languages are Blackfoot language, Cheyenne language, Cree language, Fox language, Menominee language, Potawatomi language, and Shawnee language. The primary ones are Nipissing language, Plains Ojibwe (Saulteaux), Eastern Ojibwe (Mississaugas), Northern Ojibwe, Odawa language (Ottawa), Severn Ojibwe (Oji-Cree), and Southwestern Ojibwe (Chippewa). ojibwe.language.en.xvip.org   (1397 words)

History Channel Search Results Indian and European colonial languages have borrowed words from one another; Indian languages have taken words from Dutch (in the Antilles), English, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian (in Alaska), and French (in Canada and Louisiana). In languages with classificatory verb systems, characteristics of nouns are expressed by distinct verbs, akin to the English use of to drink for liquids and to eat for solids. A few languages developed forms of whistle speech, in which the melody of the whistling parallels the tones of the language. www.historychannel.com /encyclopedia/article.jsp?link=FWNE.fw..am084100.a.b10   (3546 words)

language at Big Serving.com - Free Online Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus and more.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) The usage of this language is mainly either to define which form of magic is wished to be used, or as the main language used by the magical elves. Language (n.) Any means of conveying or communicating ideas; specifically, human speech; the expression of ideas by the voice; sounds, expressive of thought, articulated by the organs of the throat and mouth. Language (n.) The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology. www.trasademo.com /bigservingdev/bigserving/language.htm   (4457 words)

Classified List of BC Native Languages The Athabaskan language family as a whole is fairly closely related to Eyak, a language once spoken in the Cook inlet area of southern Alaska. The Apachean languages are spoken in the American Southwest, while the Pacific Coast languages are spoken in various places along the Pacific coast from the far north of California to southern Washington. The Tsimshianic languages are spoken on the northwest coast and in adjacent areas of the interior. www.ydli.org /bcother/bclist.htm   (1153 words)

Native People, Languages   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Thus, CREE is a single language spoken in 6 recognized dialectal variants in dozens of communities and reserves from the Rockies well into Québec; and Ojibwa, with at least 7 dialectical variants, is found in many communities throughout central Canada (seeCREE SYLLABICS). A few of the remaining languages have at least reasonable chances of surviving in the near future, but the majority are endangered, and at least 7 were approaching extinction in the mid-1990s, with only a handful of elderly speakers of these still living at the time. The high-water mark of aboriginal language classification for North America was achieved by Edward SAPIR in a famous paper published in the Encyclopaedia Britannica in 1929, a paper which set the directions of aboriginal language research for decades afterwards and which still provokes lively debate. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params=A1ARTA0005650   (1931 words)

Native American Language Guaraní is the only Native American language to have become a national and literary language spoken by large numbers of non-Native Americans (half of its 2 million speakers are Paraguayans of European descent). Masculine and feminine gender are distinguished in South America in the Arawakan, Huitotoan, and Tucanoan languages, in North America in Coast Salishan and a few other languages, and—for pronouns only—in Pomo and Iroquoian. Such languages occur in Kickapoo (Algonquian-Ritwan) in Mexico near Texas; several Otomanguean languages, Nahuatl dialects, and the Totonacan languages in Middle America; and the Aguaruna (Jívaroan) and the Sirionó (Tupian) in South America. members.tripod.com /~treelover/nal.html   (3066 words)

[No title] The first section of the volume is Typology and Classification (pp.21-148), the second Phonetic Orthography (pp.149-176), the t hird Hokan Languages (pp.177-344), the fourth Uto-Aztecan Languages (pp.345-446), and the fifth Algonkian and Ritwan (pp.447-562). This filter principle is another point at which he differs from Sapir (who uses individual Algonquian languages), and again it is Sa pir who is right: given a cognate in say, Fox and Yurok, one must reconstruct just as surely as one must reconstruct when faced with cognates in Wiyot and Yurok. Language and culture were thus inseparable from the beginning. www.lulu.com /items/volume_1/105000/105307/1/preview/Prev-rev.rtf   (4304 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Most tellingly, it does not find or test distant genetic relationships, but rather it assumes that the languages compared are related and proceeds to attach a date based on the number of core-vocabulary words that are considered similar among the languages compared. In comparing languages not yet known to be related, we must be cautious of the problem of seeming correspondences in undetected loans. Similarities in sound alone (for example, the presence of tones in compared languages) or in meaning alone (for example, grammatical gender in languages compared) are not reliable, since they can develop independently of genetic relationship, due to diffusion, accident, and typological tendencies. www.hum.utah.edu /linguistics/Faculty/campbell/CampbellLongRangeEnc.doc   (4819 words)

Abstracts Carrier, an Athabaskan language of the central interior of British Columbia, was first written in 1885 in a derivative of the Cree syllabics, in which, for a time, there was mass literacy. A survey of the languages with which Ulkatcho Carrier has been in contact indicates that it is unlikely that the existence of competing forms is due to influence from another language as has been suggested by Kroch (1994). Because Athabaskan languages combine extensive prefixation with complex stem variation, and because the components that contain the basic meaning of the verb are distributed throughout the form, intercalated with grammatical morphemes, there is no straightforward, easily extracted and manipulated, citation form. billposer.org /abstracts.htm   (3093 words)

LINGUIST List 4.1092: Algonquian Inverse In the few languages I have looked at, however, reflexes of this inverse marker seem to appear only with third person subject forms; in "you and me" forms (1 acting on 2) other markers appear (e.g. Macauley doesn't analyse it like that: she says there is a 2pl>1>2sg>3 hierarchy, but the fact is that in most verb paradigms the hierarchy is 2>1>3 and it is only in the negative that number complications arise: I would analyse the situation as two interacting hierarchies. Klaiman concedes that some of the examples of "inverse" in her book (1991) are controversial; but she does not go anything like as far as Givon, who opts for a functional definition which includes within "inverse" many constructions involving only word order change, and even suggests the English passive may be an "inverse". www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/4/4-1092.html   (1313 words)

Nuuchahnulth Language Corpus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Adler, F.W. 'A bibliographical checklist of Chimakuan, Kutenai, Ritwan, Salishan, and Wakashan linguistics.' IJAL 27:198- 210. Renker, Ann M. Rethinking Noun and Verb: An Investigation of AUX in a Southern Wakashan Language. Language: An introduction to the study of speech. www.magma.ca /~stonham/nuuchahnulth/references.html   (3187 words)

Yurok language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Yurok (also Weitspekan) is a moribund Algic language. It is the traditional language of the Yurok tribe of northwestern California, USA, most of whom now speak English. The standard reference on the Yurok language is the grammar by Robins (1958). en.wikilib.org /wiki/Yurok_language   (340 words)

Article Archives: Yurok and Wiyot Language Bibliography Adler, F. "A bibliographical checklist of Chimakuan, Kutenal, Ritwan, Salishan, and Wakashan linguistics." IJAL xxvii(3): 198-210. The languages of the coast of California north of SF. Phonetic constituents of the native languages of Ca. www.geocities.com /bigorrin/archive14.htm   (811 words)

Yurok language Many scholars have commented that although Wiyot and Yurok are neighbors in northern California, they seem not to have a closer relationship with each other than either has with Algonquian...." In L. Campbell and M. Mithun (Eds.), The languages of native America: Historical and comparative assessment (pp. Hinton, Susanne F. Flutes of fire: Essays on Californian Indian languages. www.governpub.com /Languages-Y/Yurok_language.php   (205 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Native American languages and families in the United States The Native American languages with the largest numbers of speakers are Navajo (c. Names of ‘extinct’ languages are preceded by the symbol †; those with fewer than ten speakers are listed as ‘moribund’; those with 10-100 speakers as ‘obsolescent’; and languages with more than 100 speakers with no special indication. Many of these families have languages also in Canada or Mexico, but here only branches and languages represented in the US are included. www.linguistics.utah.edu /Faculty/campbell/sociolx_USA.doc   (767 words)

Glenn Humphries tree of Indigenous American Indian languages "Parent" languages are to the left; "descendant" languages are indented to the right under the appropriate "parent" language. Other languages which were influential to the develpment of a language will be noted parenthetically.Please be aware that some of the oldest language names denote the geographic region where that language was spoken rather that what the speakers of the language called their language. This is a simplified diagram of the relationship of various modern and obsolete languages showing their development throughout history from various older languages, mostly now extinct. glenn.humphries.com /amerind.htm   (304 words)

Algonquian Language Family (Algonkian Indian Languages, Algic, Algonquian Indians, Algonquians) Though these languages are most properly known as 'Algic' to linguists (Wiyot and Yurok are not considered closely related enough to qualify as Algonquian, and the broader category Algic includes them as well), 'Algonquian' (also spelled 'Algonkian') is the general term most often used by the Native American people who speak them. Algonquian Indian languages are not related to Ancient Egyptian, Hebrew, or other Semitic languages; this data was faked. Algonquian Indian language distribution and the migration of the Algonquians. www.native-languages.org /famalg.htm   (243 words)

Northwest Coast Bibliography   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) Collins, J.M. Distribution of the Chemakum language in Indians of the Urban Northwest, ed. Kess, J.F. A bibliography of the Haida language. Canestrelli, P.P. Grammar of the Kutenai language (annotated by Franz Boas). www.lib.montana.edu /~bcoon/nwcst.html   (5048 words)

LINGUIST List 4.992: ESL/EFL, Algonquian inverse, Japanese adj., Dialect drift I am interested in getting in touch with linguists and educators who are doing research in the area of using literature as a means of promoting language learning and communicative competence. I am basically interested in research dealing with non-native speakers of a language who are using "authentic" literature in their classes. Although the language of my interest is English, I would love to hear from people who work in this field, even if they are working with other foreign languages. www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/4/4-992.html   (684 words)

Linguistic classification of american indians Language classification proposed by Charles F. and Florence M. Voegelin (1966) means a unique language with few or no elements in common with other languages Language families proposed by Campbell and Mithun (1979) hjem.tele2adsl.dk /johnmadsen/Indian/indian0.html   (159 words)

Yurok The Yurok and their southern neighbors, the Wiyot, speak languages of the Ritwan group that belong to the Algonquian-Wakashan linguistic stock and possibly to the Algonquian branch of this stock (see Hoopa - Hoopa, Native North Americans whose language belongs to the Athabascan branch of the Nadene... Native American languages: Languages of North America - Languages of North America The most widely accepted classification of Native American languages N... www.factmonster.com /ce6/society/A0853203.html   (237 words)

individual book page   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01) The companion volume (CWES VI: American Indian Languages 2, edited by Victor Golla) is scheduled to appear later this year and will contain Sapir’s shorter works on Penutian, Athabaskan/Na-Dene, and Salishan/Wakashan. It is hoped that the other11 volumes of the projected series will appear without undue delay; many are in the final stages of preparation. — For the student of American Indian languages coming to Sapir for the first time, and for posterity generally, this volume and its companion will firmly reestablish Sapir’s reputation as the consummate Americanist of this century. wings.buffalo.edu /linguistics/ssila/books/indbook/b110.htm   (276 words)

[No title] Latin, for example is the parent language for the "Romance" languages. There have been many attempts to classify the various languages spoken in aboriginal America. Although Nadene and Eskimo have been separated by virtually all linguists many feel the evidence for calling all the other languages "Amerind" is not really very strong. userhome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /anthro/jbeatty/AII/WEBSITE/htm/class.htm   (104 words)

Native American Languages - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta Native American Languages - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta On the File menu, click Print to print the information. All these communicate information, but none approaches true writing. uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761573518___5/Native_American_Languages.html   (2434 words)

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