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Topic: River Irk

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	River Irk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The River Irk is a river in Greater Manchester in north-west England that flows through the northern suburbs of Manchester before merging with the River Irwell in the city centre.
		Among them are mills on the river, in short, the method of construction is as crowded and disorderly here as in the lower part of Long Millgate.
		Below it on the river there are several tanneries which fill the whole neighbourhood with the stench of animal putrefaction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/River_Irk (613 words)

	Action Irk & Roch
		Action Irk and Roch was established in March 2004 and currently focuses on the valleys of the River Irk and its main tributes, Wince Brook and Whit Brook.
		In the past the rivers of this part of Greater Manchester changed colour from one day to the next, a result of the bleaching and dying works that took water from them and discharged used dyes and waste back into them.
		Action Irk and Roch is a partnership between Rochdale Metropolitan Borough Council and the Mersey Basin Campaign.
	www.merseybasin.org.uk /page.asp?id=2864 (335 words)

	Manchester City Council - Area Regeneration Teams - Irk Valley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		One of the last, lost rivers of Manchester, the River Irk snakes down from the spine of the Pennine Ridge at Bacup, meandering inconspicuously into the heart of the city centre where it disappears into the River Irwell at the foot of the CIS Tower.
		The River Irk itself was culverted and polluted, affecting the wildlife and recreational opportunities along its banks.
		River Valley reclamation schemes are well established in the North West, with the Croal-Irwell, Medlock and Mersey Valley Projects providing excellent examples of the environmental benefits that can be achieved in a relatively short space of time.
	www.manchester.gov.uk /regen/pships/irkvalley.htm (744 words)

	Irk Valley
		The Irk is described in Wentworth’s ‘The Hisotry and Annals of Blackley’ (1892) as follows, “ it is not only the flest but the most sluggish of all rivers”.
		The very name ‘Irk’ suggests indolence; however, it is named for quite the opposite reason, the word Iwrck or Irke comes from Roebuck, named for its fleetness.
		Because of the size and complexity of the area, a consistent and prioritised approach to management across the Irk Valley is needed.
	www.irkvalley.info /about.html (493 words)

	Slums in Manchester
		Several tanneries are situated on the bank of the river and they fill the neighbourhood with the stench of animal putrefaction.
		Moreover, the flow of the river is continually interrupted by numerous high weirs, behind which large quantities of slime and refuse collect and putrefy.
		Here the River Medlock flows with endless twists and turns through a valley which may be compared with that of the Irk.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /town/terrace/adw03/peel/p-health/slums.htm (2497 words)

	Irk
		The many ponds and lodges in the Irk and Roch river valleys are a...
		Sewage discharged into the Irk and its tributes led in the past to a...
		The River Irk is a river in Greater Manchester in north-west England...
	www.plexxa.com /s/Irk (106 words)

	Chetham's Library - a history and tour
		Situated on a sandstone outcrop at the confluence of the Rivers Irwell and Irk, the buildings occupy the site of the manor house of Manchester, which, together with the parish church (now the Cathedral) formed the core of the medieval town.
		The river bank, now Victoria Street, sloped down to a small bridge over the Irk, a situation immortalised in the opening pages of Mrs Linnaeus Banks' The Manchester Man. The sloping ground was called Hunt's Bank which became the first name for Victoria Station.
		Secondly, the river remained a plentiful source of fish for the fellows of the College and for the pupils of the school until the pollution of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries made it little more than an open sewer.
	www.chethams.org.uk /hist.htm (2594 words)

	Eyewitness in Manchester Waterways map text page
		RIVERS AND CANALS have shaped the Manchester conurbation over the centuries, but on maps, they're often obscured by highways and other features - that's why I've highlighted them here.
		The Irk rises at a point east of Royton indicated on the A-Z as "source of the River Irk", and flows down through Middleton, Blackley and Collyhurst.
		The southernmost River in the area covered by the map is the Bollin, rising near the town which takes its name, Bolllington.
	www.manchesteronline.co.uk /ewm/maps/waterwaystext.html (973 words)

	Creative Futres - The Irk Valley Project
		The corridor of the Irk could be described as the Silicon Valley of the 18th Century, and the landscape carries the legacy of centuries of industrial development, both in its historical features and in areas of derelict and contaminated land and poor water quality (Environment Agency 2001).
		The conceptual plan for Moston Vale and the strategic framework for the Irk Valley have been presented for discussion to the Moston Vale Residents' Association meeting, the steering group of the Irk Valley Project, staff in the Mersey Basin Campaign and to a final workshop, which was attended by over 50 regional and local stakeholders.
		Joanne Tippett tested the DesignWays process for her Ph.D. Research, in collaboration with the Mersey Basin Campaign, based in the Centre for Urban and Regional Ecology at the University of Manchester.
	www.holocene.net /irk.htm (870 words)

	The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844
		Several tanneries are situated on the bank of the river and they fill the neighborhood with the stench of animal putrefaction.
		In dry weather this bank presents the spectacle of a series of the most revolting flish-green puddles of slime from the depths of which bubbles of miasmatic gases constantly rise and create a stench which is unbearable even to those standing on the bridge forty or fifty feet above the level of the water.
		One was the narrow path along the river bank, while the other was a narrow gateway which led to another human rabbit warren which was nearly as badly built and was nearly in such a bad condition as the one I have just described.
	www.cis.vt.edu /modernworld/d/Engels.html (4379 words)

	Manchester History and the heritage of Greater Manchester
		There is a brief historic reference in the town records of one Edward the Elder, son of King Alfred the Great, taking over the town in 920 AD and making repairs to the "fortifications", (probably based around the present cathedral), which would still have been little more than a wooden palisade.
		This mill was located somewhere alongside the Cathedral, and the alleyway known as "Hanging Ditch" still marks the course of the River Irk where it enters the Irwell, where textiles were hung to drain and drip dry after fulling.
		The Grelley manor, (now Chetham's School of Music), was fortified on three sides as it overlooked the River Irk on one side, a tributary ditch on another side and the River Irwell on another - it was therefore a superb defensive position, standing high on a sandstone bluff with effective natural defences.
	www.manchester2002-uk.com /history.html (801 words)

	The Motorway Archive. M60 Denton to Middleton
		Provision was made for the M66 to be ultimately taken under it and extended to the south, as the first part of the north east quadrant of the Ring Road.
		It involved the construction of a 4 mile length of motorway with dual three and four lane carriageways between the Denton Interchange and the River Medlock, within a contract period of three years.
		In the crossing of a 1½ mile section of peat, at Blackley, a concrete piled raft was constructed.
	www.iht.org /motorway/m60denmid.htm (1298 words)

	Coarsefish Forum - quivertip fishing for carp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		You, see more nature by the rivers, don't get disturbed so much by people walking past and if you take yours home there isn't as much litter, but there's always fish there that have never been caught before.
		The river Avon down there is absolutely fantastic, get out on the river there with your feeder rod and you won't be dissapointed atall.
		The main reason for this is that the bait will look more natural in falling to the river bed and it will also sit still on the river bed the longer the hooklength is, whereas a short hooklength on fast flowing water simply flutters up and down in the flow making it look unnatural.
	www.coarsefish.com /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=4030 (1271 words)

	Manchester (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Manchester is situated in a bowl-shaped land area, bordered to the north and east by the Pennine moors and to the south by the Cheshire Plain.
		The city centre is located on the East bank of the River Irwell, near the confluence of two other rivers, the River Medlock and the River Irk.
		The fort was abandoned in the Dark Ages, and at some point in time the focus of sttlement shifted from this spot to the confluence of the rivers Irwell and Irk.
	www.99travel.com /manchester.shtml (4288 words)

	Irk Valley
		Crumpsall Park was originally part of the area known as the Forest of Blackley, which encompassed the River Irk in the days of pre-industrial Manchester.
		In the mid 1990s however, a Friends of Crumpsall Park was set up and is now successfully working with Manchester City Council to return the park to its former glory.
		The nearest open section of the River Irk can be viewed at Delauneys Road and Herristone Road Park, views which provided a glimpse of bygone days.
	www.irkvalley.info /sites/crupmsall_park.html (239 words)

	Environment Agency - Adelphi Weir U/s (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		All flows except extreme events are contained within the river channel.
		Flow hydrographs should be the same at Adelphi Weir and Manchester Racecourse (an open channel station about 2km upstream used for flood warning), but since the early 1990's some events have a lesser flow recorded at Adelphi Weir, possibly due to well leakage.
		The river Irk joins the Irwell some 2km downstream, and exceptionally high flows in the Irk may cause a slight increase in levels at Adelphi.
	www.environment-agency.gov.uk /hiflowsuk/stations/69002 (323 words)

	Engels on the English working class (by L. Proyect)
		Below it on the river are several tanneries which fill the whole neighborhood with the stench of animal putrefaction.
		In dry weather, a long string of the most disgusting, flish-green, slime pools are left standing on this bank, from the depths of which bubbles of miasmatic gas constantly arise 40 or 50 feet above the surface of the stream.
		Above the bridge are tanneries, bonemills, and gasworks, from which all drains and refuse find their way into the Irk, which receives further the contents of all the neighboring sewers and privies.
	www.columbia.edu /~lnp3/mydocs/modernism/engels_english.htm (2606 words)

	20-1-06 Rochdale Canal River Irk Breach Works To Start : British Waterways
		British Waterways has started £1.27 million of engineering works to repair the breach at the River Irk Aqueduct on the Rochdale Canal at Chadderton.
		Debris from the canal breach will be cleared from the River Irk Channel and a river wall will be reinstated.
		British Waterways cares for a 2,000-mile network of historic canals and navigable rivers throughout Britain, working to provide a sustainable future for the inland waterways and generate maximum benefit and enjoyment to all from this unique environmental and leisure resource.
	www.britishwaterways.co.uk /newsroom/stories/Rochdale_Canal_River_Irk_Breach_Works_Start.html (494 words)

	Press Release Jun 06 Ducks and falcons wing their way to wildlife haven celebration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the past few months a combination of community groups and contractors have removed tonnes of rubbish, cleaned the river bed of debris, planted more than 1,000 bluebells and created 500 metres of path.
		The site is part of the Irk Valley Project which is creating a connected ‘green corridor’ thorough the heart of North Manchester, along the banks of the River Irk and its tributary Moston Brook.
		Councillor Paul Murphy, Chairman of the Irk Valley Steering Group, said: "Blackley Vale is a tremendous example of how we can make a real difference to the environment around us, and it’s a tribute to all the agencies and individuals involved.
	www.manchester.gov.uk /news/2006/june/wildlife.htm (426 words)

	Manchester in medieval times & Tudor Manchester
		After the Norman Conquest of 1066, Manchester was a mere district of Salford, and the so-called Salford Hundred was a large Manor, covering all the lands between the River Ribble (Preston) in the north, and the River Mersey (at Stockport) in the south.
		By the thirteenth century, Manchester had become a market town and had applied for and been granted the right to hold an annual fair in 1223, and the town had grown sufficiently to be granted a charter in 1301.
		In 1368, a stone bridge was erected over the River Irwell to connect Manchester directly to the City of Salford - the first record of any permanent bridge over the Irwell.
	www.manchester2002-uk.com /history/history1.html (911 words)

	Chadderton Hall Park - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It contains a large field area with a small football pitch, a playground area, several flower gardens and the River Irk runs through its centre.
		The geography of the park itself is like a bowl, the grass fields lie in the centre of the park at the lowest point and the land to either side of the fields is higher.
		This is because of the River Irk's natural valley but also because the central area of the park was once used as a lake.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chadderton_Hall_Park (308 words)

	Manchester
		The River Irwell is only 20 metres wide when it runs between the two cities.
		During the 18th century a deep canal (the Manchester Ship Canal) was dug, 36 miles long, from Salford to the River Mersey at the port of Liverpool.
		The centre of Salford is adjacent to the centre of Manchester, with only the River Irwell separating the two by 20 metres.
	www.reboom.com /article/Manchester.html (6347 words)

	Middleton Guardian - 1900 to 1950
		The road to Hopwood was haunted by boggarts after a man's body was found by the river and only the brave would traverse the path after dark.
		Inside the hall their ghost passed through the bedrooms, floated to the top of the stairs and vanished into the air.
		Incessant rain has swollen the River Irk till it overflowed, flooding streets in the Little Park area at the bottom-end of Oldham Road.
	www.middletonguardian.co.uk /nostalgia/s/109/109683_1900_to_1950.html (1954 words)

	Wildlife Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Abundant in the narrow fishing-lodge between Shaw Road and River Beal Newhey.
		Water vole : one on River Irk at Lever Bridge 20.6.
		A pair of ringed plover nested just outside the Rochdale borough at Warland Reservoir, this would seem to be the first breeding record in the area for this species.
	members.tripod.com /rochdalenats/id38.htm (670 words)

	East Manchester River Valleys and Canals : Changing Places
		Before : The project encompassed two distinct waterside corridors, the River Irk in Collyhurst and the Rochdale Canal in Miles Platting.
		The Irk Valley area included landfill sites, neglected industrial land and demolished housing areas.
		The Rochdale Canal corridor was a generally neglected and dreary urban environment.
	www.changingplaces.org.uk /index.asp?page=61 (117 words)

	Small Business Journey
		As members of the Manchester Citypride Education Business Partnership (MEBP) they are very involved in educational links through the provision of outdoor classrooms, work experience opportunities, mock interviewing, industry challenges, careers fairs etc.; the list is fairly extensive.
		HMG has its own woodland and wildlife area which has been built up over the last ten years and which is of great value to local schools as well as the local community.They are also part of the Red Rose Forest, which is creating urban community forests through similar links to the River Irk Project.
		The company are members of the River Irk Project which is looking to regenerate the land within the Irk Valley.
	www.smallbusinessjourney.com /output/Page146.asp (426 words)

	River Irk Aqueduct to reopen
		The 20-week programme of repairs will see the embankment reconstructed using reinforced soil, the channel of the canal relined and remedial work done to the aqueduct structure.
		Debris from the canal breach will be cleared from the River Irk Channel and a river wall reinstated.
		British Waterways will spend £1.27 million in January to restore the River Irk Aqueduct on the Rochdale Canal to navigation and reopen the towpath.
	www.ybw.com /auto/newsdesk/20051116115835mbmnews.html (138 words)

	[No title]
		I headed further east, crossed the River Tame and had to turn north.
		I arrived at Grasscroft, on Saddleworth, and took the main road on my return journey west towards Manchester.
		I passed through Oldham, Chadderton, and before Middleton, I left the road to follow an unnamed tributary of the River Irk to Heaton Park.
	members.lycos.co.uk /earthchild77/bits02.htm (824 words)

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