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	Dr. Robert R. Gilruth, a driving force behind U.S. human space exploration efforts, died Thursday at Kilmarnock, ...
		Gilruth was the first director of the Manned Spacecraft Center, now the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, from 1962 to 1972.
		Gilruth worked as an engineer at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics at the Langley from 1937 to 1946 before becoming chief of the pilotless aircraft research division at Wallops Island from 1946 to 1952, where he did groundbreaking research into rocket-powered aircraft.
		Gilruth was a pensive man of medium build who liked to smoke a pipe and can be often seen in NASA’s historical footage.
	www.space.com /peopleinterviews/gilruth_obit_000817.html (960 words)

	Gilruth, Robert R. (1913-2000)
		Gilruth, Robert R. An influential NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) engineer who worked at the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory (1937-46), then as chief of the pilotless aircraft research division at Wallops Island (1946-52), and explored the possibility of human spaceflight before the creation of NASA.
		Gilruth was also in charge of the development and operation of the Gemini spacecraft, a two-man craft used to perfect techniques for the control, rendezvous and linking of spaceships in Earth orbit.
		Gilruth was born in Nashwauk, Minnesota, and received degrees from the University of Minnesota.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/G/Gilruth.html (285 words)

	Untitled Document
		Gilruth headed a team of engineers who worked round the clock under maximum security on what was later known as Project Mercury, the first of the US human space flight programs.
		Throughout his career, Dr. Gilruth acted as Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston Texas, conceived and developed the Gemini Program, and was responsible for the spacecraft design, selection, and training of the astronauts and ground crews for all of the Apollo missions.
		Gilruth was a recipient of the Collier Trophy from the National Aviation club, numerous awards for his advancement of engineering as well as aeronautical sciences, and was inducted into the International Aerospace Hall of Fame.
	obits.com /gilruth_robert_dr.html (639 words)

	Guardian \| Robert Gilruth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Robert Gilruth, who has died aged 86, was the architect of the American manned space programme.
		Gilruth went on to direct the selection and training of the US astronaut corps from the flight of the first American in space - Alan Shepard in a Mercury capsule on May 5 1961 - through the Gemini programme to the Apollo moon landing by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, in July 1969.
		Gilruth was called into the office of T Keith Glennan, administrator of the just-created Nasa, and told to assemble a task force with the job of getting men in to space.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,4053633-103616,00.html (989 words)

	Dr. Robert R. Gilruth
		Robert R. Gilruth was born in Nashwauk, Minnesota on 8 October 1913.
		In 1945, Dr. Gilruth was assigned the responsibility of organizing a research group and the construction of a facility at Wallops Island, Virginia.
		Gilruth is enshrined in the both the National Space Hall of Fame and International Aerospace Hall of Fame and has received numerous honors, including the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Service and the prestigious Collier Trophy from the National Aviation Club.
	www.allstar.fiu.edu /aero/gilruth.htm (494 words)

	NASM Oral History Project: Gilruth #6
		GILRUTH: At that set of meetings, I got very well acquainted with Jim Webb and he with me. I felt that he was my friend and that he trusted me, understood the kinds of problems I had, and thought perhaps I was doing all right.
		GILRUTH: The NACA people like from the engineer in charge, who was the head man in those days, was his title, from him on down right to people like myself who ran divisions or sections or was assistant director or whatever role you happened to be in.
		GILRUTH: Because it was something that had to fly very fast, and we didn't know that much about stability and control of structures of swept wings to be putting them through that much of a thing, and the X-1 was built in a hurry, and with the thin wing, it was all right.
	www.nasm.si.edu /research/dsh/TRANSCPT/GILRUTH6.HTM (21820 words)

	CNN.com - Space - U.S. space pioneer Robert Gilruth dead at 86 - August 18, 2000
		Gilruth was in charge of the development and operation of the Gemini spacecraft, a two-man craft used to perfect techniques for the control, rendezvous and linking of spaceships in Earth orbit.
		Gilruth was born in Nashwauk, Minnesota, and received degrees from the University of Minnesota.
		Gilruth is survived by his wife, Georgene Evans Gilruth of Charlottesville, a daughter and a stepson.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/TECH/space/08/18/us.obit.gilruth.ap (586 words)

	NASA - Dr. Robert Gilruth, an Architect of Manned Space Flight, Dies
		Robert Rowe Gilruth, an aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the American space program during the glory days of Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo, is dead after a lengthy illness.
		In 1952, Dr. Gilruth was appointed assistant director of the Langley Laboratory responsible for investigations in high-temperature structures and dynamics loads, and for hypersonic aerodynamics research at Wallops Island.
		Gilruth was named an honorary fellow in the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, a fellow in the American Astronautical Society, an honorary fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society, and a member of the International Academy of Astronautics.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/johnson/news/releases/1999_2001/h00-127.html (913 words)

	NASM Oral History Project, Gilruth #1
		GILRUTH: Yes, the University of Minnesota was a pretty tough school, and when you went there they got all the new people together and said, "Half of you are going to be done by the end of the year." It scared everybody.
		GILRUTH: Yes, we had a course in internal combustion engines, given by the mechanical engineering department, and we had good teachers and we had some laboratories where we ran engines, and they had an aircraft engine there, a rotary engine, and it was one of the first ones that were built.
		GILRUTH: Well, I'll tell you, that's a very good question because I wrote a thesis on the one thing that I was interested in, and that was putting the propellers on the wing tips and rotating them opposite to the tip vortex, and thereby increasing the effect of aspect ratio.
	www.nasm.si.edu /research/dsh/TRANSCPT/GILRUTH1.HTM (14099 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: NASA Space Pen
		Fisher spent over one million dollars in trying to perfect the ball point pen before he made his first successful pressurized pens in 1965.
		Gilruth, Manager of the Houston Space Center, where they were thoroughly tested and approved for use in Space in September 1965.
		Lead pencils were used on all Mercury and Gemini space flights and all Russian space flights prior to 1968.
	www.snopes.com /business/genius/spacepen.asp (631 words)

	Missoula County, Montana - Gilruth Murder
		Robert Gilruth a prominent rancher living near Lolo is dead as the result of an encounter with Joseph Brown a man who has served a five-year prison term in the state penitentiary for criminal assault on Gilruth's wife nearly seven year ago.
		The story of the affair, as told by Joseph Brown, the man who killed Gilruth is that while passing along the country road in the neighborhood of the old Chickerman mine, about six miles west of Lolo, he met Robert Gilruth and a brother, John Gilruth.
		While Robert Gilruth attacked Brown from the front the brother is said to have attacked him from the rear, inflicting a wound in Brown's head with a sharp instrument.
	www.rootsweb.com /~mtmissou/murder.htm (550 words)

	Colleagues Recall Robert Silliman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Robert Silliman earned his bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering at the University of Minnesota in 1936, then spent several decades rubbing elbows with engineering pioneers.
		Gilruth went on to become the director of the Mercury astronaut program and later the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, now called the Johnson Space Center, for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
		Robert Silliman is buried at Lakeview Cemetery in New Canaan, Conn., where his ancestors settled in the early 1700s.
	www.rwonline.com /reference-room/special-report/rw-silliman2.shtml (916 words)

	theLogBook.com News » Dr. Robert Gilruth, 1913-2000. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Robert Gilruth, the director of NASA’s Manned Spacecraft Center through the eras of Mercury, Gemini and Apollo, died on August 17th after a lengthy illness.
		Gilruth served with NASA (and its progenitor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) for four decades, only stepping down after the Apollo 15 mission in 1971.
		But when NASA was formed, Gilruth was appointed to the position of director of Langley Air Force Base’s Space Task Group, a think-tank which originated numerous spacecraft concepts, as well as astronaut qualification criteria, launch safety procedures, and other guidelines still followed by NASA today.
	www.thelogbook.com /zine/?p=753 (127 words)

	The Universe Today - Special Report: Farewell to the Father of Manned Space Flight
		Born in 1913 in Nashwauk, Minnesota, Robert Gilruth began his career at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), after graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in aerospace engineering in 1935 and a master's degree in 1936 from the University of Minnesota.
		Gilruth believed that the work of the team at Langley formed the basis of the fundamental principles of Project Mercury, such as the development of the pressurised, blunt-faced capsule with its conical afterbody, astronaut selection procedures and launch criteria.
		Gilruth eventually retired as MSC Director in 1972, and served as director of key personnel development at NASA in Washington DC for a year, before becoming a consultant to the agency.
	www.universetoday.com /html/special/farewellfather.html (826 words)

	Chariots For Apollo, ch2-3
		Gilruth took this good news back to Virginia, but he and his men still had a question.
		Gilruth's men never doubted that the keystone to Apollo was the spacecraft itself.
		Gilruth to NASA Hq., Attn.: Low, "Preliminary project development plan for 'boilerplate' spacecrafts for the Saturn C-1 test flights SA-7, -8, -9, and -10," 16 June 1961, with enc., Leo T. Chauvin to Dir., STG, subj.
	www.solarviews.com /history/SP-4205/ch2-3.html (1325 words)

	Colleagues Recall Space Pioneer Dr. Robert R. Gilruth
		Gilruth, 86, died August 17 in Virginia after a long bout with Alzheimer’s disease.
		Gilruth was tasked in 1959 with putting a man in space and returning him safely to Earth.
		Kraft, who began work for Gilruth in 1945 at what is now NASA’s Langley Research Center in Virginia, also recalled another lesson he and other managers learned from Gilruth.
	www.space.com /peopleinterviews/gilruth_memorial_000828.html (606 words)

	APOLLO MISSION CONTROL PHOTO PLUS
		During his 10 years as head of the centre, Gilruth directed 25 manned space flights, including the first Mercury flight in 1961 and the first Apollo moon landing in 1969.
		Robert Gilruth, Project Mercury Director, D. Brainerd Holmes, Director for Manned Space Flight and Walter Williams, Mercury Project Operations Director, relax in the Mercury Control Room after Gordo Cooper completed his 22-orbit mission.
		Sitting with them is Dr. Robert R. Gilruth, MCC Director just after the two women chatted with their husbands via the MCC communications facilities.
	www.apollomissionphotos.com /index_org_people.html (3031 words)

	Debus
		Gilruth replied Nov. 1 to KSC Director Kurt H. Debus that MSC had evaluated advantages of transferring certain ACE/spacecraft responsibilities to KSC and had also considered advantages of continuing the existing system.
		Gilruth said that it was the MSC intent to support system engineering requirements in ACE/spacecraft areas and that further support in these areas was normally supplied by the spacecraft contractor.
		Participants in the August 14 meeting in Washington were Low, Gilruth, Kraft, and Slayton from MSC; von Braun, James, and Richard from MSFC; Debus and Petrone from KSC; and Deputy Administrator Thomas Paine, William Schneider, Julian Bowman, Phillips, and Hage from NASA Hq.
	www.astronautix.com /astros/debus.htm (2008 words)

	[No title]
		There are some interviews with Dr. Robert Gilruth XE "Gilruth, Robert R." , photographs XE "Photographs" used as illustrations, and a draft of a history of MSC XE "Manned Spacecraft Center" by Robert B. Merrifield.
		Robert O. Piland XE "Piland, Robert O." was named Assistant Director for Advanced Planning and Design on June 7, 1974.
		Robert O. Piland XE "Piland, Robert O." was officially appointed to the position on June 7, 1974.
	www.ibiblio.org /apollo/NARA-SW/Rg255-1.doc (16787 words)

	Amazon.com: Robert Gilruth: Engineering Space Exploration: Books: Frank Waters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This item is not eligible for Amazon Prime, but over a million other items are.
		If he is in charge of all three projects - Mercury, Gemini and Apollo, then more space and detail need to be devoted to such an important person.
		Yet, the author only provides basic sketches on Gilruth.
	www.amazon.com /Robert-Gilruth-Engineering-Space-Exploration/dp/B000H5LGGU (274 words)

	Johnson Space Flight Center
		Assistant director of NACA Robert Gilruth became the new head of the Space Task Group, the division of NASA responsible for manned space flight (Gilruth and other NACA employees had worked in conjunction with the Air Force on the "X-series" of supersonic rocket jets).
		In response to Soviet accomplishments in space, Gilruth's Space Task Group announced Project Mercury, the first American manned space mission, in 1958.
		Gilruth preferred that the facility be expanded in the wake of Kennedy's ambitious call for an accelerated manned space program.
	www.vcdh.virginia.edu /PVCC/mbase/docs/houston.html (357 words)

	The Space Review: Leadership at Johnson Space Center
		Under the skilled leadership of Gilruth and Kraft, the MSC experienced some of the greatest challenges as well as achievements in manned space flight.
		Gilruth’s achievements and qualifications are too numerous to list here, but there could have been no finer choice of an individual to lead this pivotal NASA center at such a crucial time.
		With his many years of experience in aeronautics, astronautics, and manned spaceflight, Kraft was a superb successor to Gilruth at the MSC during Apollo, Skylab, and the start of the space shuttle era.
	www.thespacereview.com /article/503/1 (1378 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		ROBERT GILRUTH, AN ARCHITECT OF MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, DIES Dr.
		When one month later the dog, Laika, was placed in orbit in Sputnik II, I was sure that the Russians were planning for man-in-space." When NASA was chartered in 1958, Dr. Gilruth became director of the Space Task Group at Langley.
		NOTE TO EDITORS: Past interviews with Dr. Robert Gilruth may be found at: http://www.nasa.gov/newsinfo/gilruth.html -end-
	quest.arc.nasa.gov /space/news/2000/08-17a.txt (687 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| An architect of manned space flight dies
		Robert Gilruth receives the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service from President John F. Kennedy in 1962.
		Later, at the MSC, more than 1,400 employees worked in a dozen locations around Houston, including shopping centers, apartment complexes and vacant stores, while a 1,600-acre cattle pasture south of the city was transformed into what Dr. Gilruth called, "...
		Gilruth also received the prestigious Goddard Memorial Trophy of the National Rocket Club, the Louis W. Hill Space Transportation Award, the Reed Aeronautics Award and the National Aeronautical Association and National Aviation Club's Robert J. Collier Trophy for "...
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0008/19gilruth (1066 words)

	Migrations Project - Individual Display Page
		James Gilruth, son of James Gilruth and Jean Dunbar Gilruth, homesteaded in Jefferson County, CO and died there sometime abt.
		He left a will and money to his brother Robert Gilruth\'s children when he died.
		Their names Helen Loretta Gilruth Gallagher, Jean Gilruth Mason and Robert Dunbar Gilruth.
	www.migrations.org /individual.php3?record=17254 (167 words)

	DR. ROBERT GILRUTH, AN ARCHITECT OF MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, DIES NASA - Find Articles
		ROBERT GILRUTH, AN ARCHITECT OF MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, DIES NASA - Find Articles
		Dr. Gilruth also received the prestigious Goddard Memorial Trophy of the National Rocket Club, the Louis W. Hill Space Transportation Award, the Reed Aeronautics Award and the National Aeronautical Association and National Aviation Club's Robert J. Collier Trophy for "...
		Expressions of sympathy may be made to the Evans-Gilruth Foundation, 7076 Glanamman Way, Warrenton, VA Previous - 1 - 2 - 3
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_pasa/is_200008/ai_1684605673/pg_2 (184 words)

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