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Topic: Robert Spitzer (psychiatrist)

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	The Robert Spitzer 'Ex-Gay' Study
		Robert Spitzer's controversial 2001 paper has finally found a publisher, the Archives of Sexual Behavior, October 2003 issue. This is the paper claiming that the so-called 'reparative therapy' can 'cure' gays and lesbians and make them straight.
		The main criticism of the article involves the method of 'selection' of the participants. The subjects were fed to Spitzer by a religious organization involved in so-called 'reparative therapy' and an association consisting of a very small minority of mental health professionals who promote so-called 'reparative therapy'.
		Robert Spitzer's comments about the manner in which his study has been misrepresented.
	www.ralliance.org /SpitzerStudy.html (1060 words)

	Encyclopedia topic: Rosenhan experiment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		She claimed that she was not admitted to any of the hospitals but was given prescriptions for antipsychotic (Tranquilizer used to treat psychotic conditions when a calming effect is desired) s and antidepressant (Any of a class of drugs used to treat depression; often have undesirable side effects) s.
		Her by Robert Spitzer and others, and she to say that she considered her work to be an "anecdote, not systematic research, and certainly not a 'replication' of Rosenhan's study."
		Spitzer, R.L. (1975) On pseudoscience in science, logic in remission, and psychiatric diagnosis: a critique of Rosenhan's "On being sane in insane places".
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/rosenhan_experiment.htm (787 words)

	Psychiatry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Psychiatry is practised by psychiatrists, who are medical doctors specializing in mental illness and who may prescribe drugs.
		Those who practise psychiatry in the workplace are called industrial psychiatrists (this is a term used in the US but not the UK); those working in the courtroom and reporting to the judge and jury (in both criminal and civil court cases) are forensic psychiatrists.
		Many believe that psychiatrists have a tendency to over-diagnose mental disorders and to prescribe medication in cases where it is not necessary (or in some cases even when medically contraindicated).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Psychiatrist (1895 words)

	Psychiatry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term alienist is an old term for a psychiatrist, and the term shrink (from "head shrinker") is a (sometimes offensive) slang term for a psychotherapist.
		Note that psychiatry is practiced by psychiatrists, psychology by psychologists.
		Psychiatrists are medical doctors and may prescribe drugs.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Psychiatry (910 words)

	Spitzer Study Published: Evidence Found for Effectiveness of Reorientation Therapy
		Spitzer's findings challenge the widely-held assumption that a homosexual orientation is "who one is" -- an intrinsic part of a person's identity that can never be changed.
		Spitzer said the data collected showed that, following therapy, many of the participants experienced a marked increase in both the frequency and satisfaction of heterosexual activity, while those in marital relationships noted more emotional fulfillment between their spouses and themselves.
		Spitzer acknowledges the difficulty of assessing how many gay men and women in the general population would actually desire reparative therapy if they knew of its availability; many people, he notes, are evidently content with a gay identity and have no desire to change.
	www.narth.com /docs/evidencefound.html (966 words)

	TIME.com: TIME Magazine -- Can Gays Switch Sides?
		Spitzer argues that since the goal of his work was simply to show that heterosexual conversion is possible, contacting people working to make the change was the only sensible method.
		Spitzer measured his "good heterosexual functioning" with decidedly subjective standards--asking the respondents if their heterosexual experiences were satisfying.
		Spitzer is clearly the same researcher he was in 1973, and nothing in his study suggests that he believes homosexuality has any place in a manual of disorders.
	www.tampabaycoalition.com /files/TimeStudy.htm (503 words)

	Prominent Psychiatrist Announces 'Some Gays Can Change'
		Robert Spitzer, "the" instrumental figure in the American Psychiatric Association's 1973 decision to remove homosexuality from its diagnostic manual of mental disorders, has announced a new study, which has altered his beliefs on the issue.
		Spitzer is currently Chief of Biometrics Research and Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University.
		Spitzer used a structured interview so that others could know exactly what questions were asked, and what response choices were offered to the subjects.
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/homosexuality/ho0042.html (1047 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Ironically, the debate had been organized by Robert Spitzer, MD, the Columbia University psychiatrist who led the effort that culminated in the APA's 1973 removal of homosexuality from its list of mental disorders.
		Spitzer was scheduled to moderate the debate, which would have pitted proponents of so-called "reparative sexual reorientation therapy" against opponents who say the practice is unethical and unscientific.
		One reason mainstream psychiatrists dropped out of the debate is a recent television newsmagazine appearance by Spitzer in which he gave credence to reparative therapy.
	www.humana.com /webmd/wom_sxorient.asp (608 words)

	Catholic Educator's Resource Center: Research
		Robert Spitzer, a well-known and highly influential psychiatrist, has changed his mind, and now says he believes some homosexuals can change their sexual orientation.
		Spitzer is Chief of Biometrics Research and Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University in New York.
		Spitzer was a key figure in the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) 1973 decision to remove homosexuality from its official list of mental health disorders.
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/research/rs0002.html (223 words)

	Independent Gay Forum: Carpenter, Dale. 'Straight Talk about Going Straight.'
		In fact, Robert Spitzer, the professor of psychiatry at Columbia University who led the study, does not endorse conversion efforts at all.
		Spitzer's study, which has not been published and has not been professionally reviewed for validity or methodology, is based on telephone interviews conducted with 200 people who claimed to have changed from homosexual to heterosexual attraction for a period of at least five years.
		Two-thirds of the participants were referred to Spitzer by "ex-gay ministries" that teach homosexuality is sinful or by a notoriously anti-gay outfit called the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality.
	www.indegayforum.org /authors/carpenter/carpenter20.html (1039 words)

	Press Release Index
		Columbia University’s Robert Spitzer is one of the leading architects of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), psychiatry’s billing bible, who oversaw two out of five revisions of the DSM and defined more than a hundred mental disorders.
		Now, thirty-three years after Spitzer began working as Chairman of the DSM Taskforce, Spitzer has become embroiled in the debate over whether something is dangerously awry with the diagnostic system he helped to invent.
		Although Spitzer has falsely promoted the safety of psychiatric drugs, stating that the drugs “don’t have serious side effects,” this claim is contradicted by numerous FDA warnings, official studies, adverse event reports to the FDA and lawsuits over psychiatric drug injuries.
	www.cchr.org /index.cfm/9027/19694 (658 words)

	Concerned Women for America - 'Gays' Can Change, Psychiatrist Tells APA
		The psychiatrist who played a key role in his profession’s removal of homosexuality from its list of disorders nearly three decades ago has just released his own study showing that some homosexuals can change their desires to heterosexual.
		Robert Spitzer, M.D., who helped remove homosexuality from the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic Manual’s list of disorders in 1973, studied 200 men and women who reported changing their desires from homosexual to heterosexual for five years and longer.
		Spitzer had mentioned that he might be willing to reassess his 1973 position after attending a Washington press conference held by Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays in 1999.
	cwfa.org /printerfriendly.asp?id=1110&department=cwa&categoryid=family (700 words)

	Articles - Psychiatry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In all circumstances, the psychiatrist makes an assessment of the patient's mental and somatic (general medical) functioning, through conversation with the patient and/or by obtaining information from relatives and associates, carers, law enforcement personnel or the nursing staff and therapists of institutions (if the client is admitted or sectioned).
		Psychiatry is practiced by psychiatrists, who are medical doctors specializing in mental illness and who may prescribe drugs.
		Those who practice psychiatry in the workplace are called industrial psychiatrists (this is a term used in the US but not the UK); those working in the courtroom and reporting to the judge and jury (in both criminal and civil court cases) are forensic psychiatrists.
	www.crunner.com /articles/Psychiatry (2040 words)

	Center for Reclaiming America -- NEWS You Won't hear on the News! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A psychiatrist at Columbia University in New York, Spitzer interviewed 153 men and 47 women who reported that they had left homosexuality behind, after undergoing counseling and had maintained the change for at least five years.
		Another pro-homosexual psychiatrist complained that 43 percent of Spitzer's sample came from "ex-gay ministries," many of which are Christian-based.
		Therefore, this pro-homosexual psychiatrist claimed that such participants might think that homosexuality is bad and feel pressured to leave the lifestyle behind.
	www.reclaimamerica.org /pages/NEWS/newspageprint.asp?story=66 (736 words)

	Read about Psychiatry at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Psychiatry and learn about Psychiatry here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		While any physician may prescribe the medications used to treat various forms of mental illness, psychiatrists are more extensively trained in differential diagnosis of mental illness and keep up to date on the newest treatment modalities for mental illness.
		There are a number of people trained in the field who have stated that physical tests can't distinquish between a normal person and a mentally ill person.
		There are also criticisms based on what is perceived as political motivations on the part of psychiatrists as opposed to objective scientific criteria.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Psychiatry (723 words)

	Biometrics Research
		Williams and Spitzer have developed and validated a brief and easy-to-use screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorders, called the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ).
		Spitzer and Williams and collaborators have developed several self-administered versions of PRIME-MD, called the Patient Health Questionnaire.
		Spitzer was awarded the Thomas William Salmon Medal for outstanding contributions to psychiatry by the New York Academy of Medicine.
	nypisys.cpmc.columbia.edu /Report/Research/BiometricsResearch.htm (1531 words)

	The New Yorker: Fact (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Spitzer had asked his parents for permission to try Reichian analysis, but his parents had refused—they thought it was a sham—and so he decided to go to the sessions in secret.
		Spitzer, unfortunately, had inherited his mother’s unruly inner life and his father’s repressed affect; though he often found himself overpowered by emotion, he was somehow unable to express his feelings.
		Robert Spitzer isn’t widely known outside the field of mental health, but he is, without question, one of the most influential psychiatrists of the twentieth century.
	www.newyorker.com /fact/content?050103fa_fact (5486 words)

	Exodus Leaders Protest
		The debate was to have been moderated by Dr. Robert Spitzer, a psychiatrist who was instrumental in the 1973 decision to remove homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
		Dr. Spitzer witnessed an ex-gay demonstration at last year's APA convention and subsequently began interviewing dozens of men and women who claimed to have successfully left homosexuality; many of them are now married with children.
		When psychiatrists dismiss the honest and deeply-held values of their patients, these doctors are actually demonstrating a disregard for diversity, and a refusal to respect the patient's right to dignity, autonomy and self-determination.
	www.reclamationrc.org /exodus_leaders_protest.htm (1298 words)

	Famous Psychiatrist Changes on Homosexuality;
		The well-known psychiatrist, Dr. Robert Spitzer, who spearheaded the fight in 1973 to remove homosexuality from the list of mental disorders, is having some second thoughts.
		Although most people believe that psychologists and psychiatrists are united in the thought that their profession should not be allowed to help homosexuals from seeking help if they wish to change, the profession is not unified at all.
		Spitzer does not wish to put homosexuality back on the list of disorders although he even has some questions there.
	www.massnews.com /past_issues/2000/3_March/300srt.htm (608 words)

	CNN.com - Transcripts
		Psychiatrist Robert Spitzer joins us from New Orleans, where the meeting is taking place.
		SPITZER: It should be used exactly the way it is being reported.
		SPITZER: I don't know if it's in the same manner, and I don't know what the success rate is, but I do think the evidence is, as I said before, that some homosexuals who want to change can change.
	transcripts.cnn.com /TRANSCRIPTS/0105/09/lad.05.html (1159 words)

	Analysis of Dr. Spitzer's study of reparative therapy
		Robert Spitzer is a Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University.
		Robert Spitzer was scheduled to be the moderator.
		Two psychiatrists withdrew from the panel, stating that the topic is too politically charged to permit scientific discussion.
	www.religioustolerance.org /hom_spit.htm (2952 words)

	Prominent Psychiatrist Announces New Study Results: "Some Gays CAN Change"
		Spitzer's personal involvement in this particular study is historically significant: He was the leading figure in the 1973 APA decision which removed homosexuality from the official diagnostic manual of mental disorders.
		Spitzer interviewed 200 men and women who have experienced a significant shift from homosexual to heterosexual attraction, and have sustained this shift for at least five years.
		Spitzer cautioned against an "either/or" view of orientation change.
	www.narth.com /docs/spitzerrelease.html (354 words)

	Family.org - Homosexual Activists Withholding Truth on Reparative Therapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Spitzer, a psychiatrist and active supporter of “gay” rights, led the 1973 effort to have the American Psychiatric Association remove homosexuality from its list of mental disorders.
		Spitzer found that 66 percent of the men and 44 percent of the women had achieved what he termed “good heterosexual functioning” lasting for a period of at least five years.
		Maier said Spitzer’s research flies in the face of activists’ claims that homosexuality is inborn and immutable.
	www.family.org /welcome/press/a0028749.cfm (490 words)

	Template 2A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Robert L. Spitzer argued in 1973 that homosexuality is not a clinical disorder—key to the American
		Thirty years later, Spitzer caused another stir when he argued that some people who want tochange their homosexual orientation may do so(Archives of Sexual Behavior, October 2003).
		Today those people don't go to psychiatrists because the word is out that the mental health profession doesn't regard it as a problem.
	www.pfox.org /asp/newsman/anmviewer.asp?a=222&print=yes (681 words)

	WorldNetDaily: Homosexuals: Pawns of biology?
		For most of his professional life as a practicing psychiatrist, Dr. Robert Spitzer helped promote that belief.
		Spitzer is not a right-wing nut or a religious fundamentalist.
		On May 9, 2001, at the annual meeting of the APA, Spitzer, who is currently chief of biometrics research and professor of psychiatry at Columbia University, released his study of 200 former homosexuals who have experienced a significant transformation from homosexual to heterosexual behavior and maintained it for at least five years.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=22921 (682 words)

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