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	Robert Stirling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (October 25, 1790 – June 6, 1878) was a Scottish clergyman, and coinventor of a highly efficient heat engine.
		Stirling was born at Cloag Farm near Methven, Perthshire in Scotland, the third of eight children.
		In a letter of 1876, Robert Stirling acknowledged the importance of Henry Bessemer's new invention - the Bessemer process for the manufacture of steel - which made steam engines safer and threatened to make the air engine obsolete.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Robert_Stirling (394 words)

	Robert Stirling - Wikipedia
		Robert Stirling (25 oktober 1790 – 6 juni 1878) was een Schotse dominee, en de uitvinder van een zeer efficiënte warmtemotor.
		Stirling werd geboren in Cloag, Perthshire, Schotland, als de derde van acht kinderen.
		In een brief van 1876, erkende Robert Stirling het belang van de nieuwe uitvinding van Henry Bessemer - het Bessemerproces voor de staalfabricage dat stoommachines veiliger maakte waardoor de luchtmotor steeds meer naar de achtergrond werd verdrongen.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Robert_Stirling (413 words)

	Stirling engine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stirling engines require both input and output heat exchangers which must contain the pressure of the working fluid, and which must resist any corrosive effects due to the heat source.
		Stirling engines, especially the type that run on small temperature differentials, are quite large for the amount of power that they produce, due to the heat exchangers.
		Robert Stirling's innovative contribution of 1816 was what he called the 'Economiser' now known as the regenerator which acts to retain heat in the hot portion of the engine as the air passes to the cold part and thus improve the efficiency.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stirling_engine (2154 words)

	The Stirling Engine
		Stirling engines were the safest engines made during that time period that would not explode like a steam engine could.
		Robert Stirling applied for his first patents for this engine and the economizer in 1816, only after a few months of getting nominated as a minister at the Church of Scotland.
		Some historians believe that the reason for Robert Stirling’s efforts at such a device were driven by his concern for the working people of his parishes as steam engines were being used extensively in that area and time period.
	www.onlineessays.com /essays/history/his203.php (1334 words)

	Stirling Energy Systems Inc. - What is a Stirling Engine?
		By trade, Robert Stirling was actually a minister in the Church of Scotland and he continued to give services until he was eighty-six years old.
		Stirling engines are unique heat engines because their theoretical efficiency is nearly equal to their theoretical maximum efficiency, known as the Carnot Cycle efficiency.
		Stirling engines are powered by the expansion of a gas when heated, followed by the compression of the gas when cooled.
	www.stirlingenergy.com /whatisastirlingengine.htm (405 words)

	ROBERT STIRLING FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (October_25, 1790 – June_6, 1878) was a Scottish clergyman, and coinventor of a highly efficient heat_engine.
		In a letter of 1876, Robert Stirling acknowledged the importance of Henry_Bessemer's new invention - the Bessemer_process for the manufacture of steel - which made steam engines safer and threatened to make the air engine obsolete.
		Carnot produced (and published in 1825) a general theory of heat_engines, the Carnot cycle, of which the Stirling cycle is a similar case.
	www.bellabuds.com /Robert_Stirling (364 words)

	Robert Stirling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Robert Stirling, inventor of the Stirling engine, was born at Gloag, Methvin, Perthshire on 25 October, 1790 and was the third of a family of eight children.
		In 1815, Robert Stirling was examined by the Presbytery of Dunbarton and, after the usual tests, found competent to preach the Gospel, a license being issued to this effect on 26th March, 1816.
		Robert Stirling was married, on 10 Jul 1819, to Jean Rankin, daughter of William Rankin, wine merchant in Kilmarnock, and Jean McKay.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/men/stirling_robert.htm (1930 words)

	Robert Stirling -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (October 25, 1790 – June 6, 1878) was a (The dialect of English used in Scotland) Scottish (Clergymen collectively (as distinguished from the laity)) clergyman, and coinventor of a highly efficient (Any engine that makes use of heat to do work) heat engine.
		Stirling was born at near Methven, Perthshire in (One of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts) Scotland, the third of eight children.
		The theoretical basis of Stirling's engine, the (Click link for more info and facts about Stirling cycle) Stirling cycle, would not be fully understood until the work of (French physicist who founded thermodynamics (1796-1832)) Sadi Carnot (1796 - 1832).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/robert_stirling.htm (418 words)

	MIT ME 2.670 Stirling Engine History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Robert Stirling applied for a patent for his economiser at the Chancery in Edinburgh, Scotland.
		Stirling engine" was coined by Rolf Meijer in order to describe all types of closed cycle regenerative gas engines.
		The Stirling engine contains a fixed amount of gas that is transferred back and forth between a "cold" end (often room temperature) and a "hot" end (often heated by a kerosene or alcohol burner).
	web.mit.edu /2.670/www/Stirl/stirl.html (214 words)

	World's Greatest Grandfather
		Robert Bruce Stirling, a reporter and editor at the Tucson Daily Citizen from 1949 until 1961, died Sunday at his Tucson home from complications of a stroke.
		Stirling came to the Citizen after serving as an instrument flight instructor for the U.S. Navy's Wolverine Squadron during World War II, his wife, Mary Stirling, said.
		Stirling left the Citizen in 1961 to pursue a career with the U.S. Information Agency, working in Brazil, Honduras, and in Vietnam during the war years.
	www.stirlinglaw.com /puma3.htm (476 words)

	Robert Stirling - Wikipédia
		Robert Stirling (25 octobre 1790- 6 juin 1878) était un pasteur écossais.
		"Stirling" étant en fait le nom de l'employeur du pére de Robert, alors ébéniste au moment où les troupes passaient par les armes tout les membres du Clan, y compris les homonymes, sur la totalité des territoires contrôlés.
		La légende veut que, catastrophé par les accidents récurrents des chaudières à vapeurs touchant ses paroissiens, à cause de l'absence de normalisation des matériaux, le pasteur Stirling, mit toute son énergie à améliorer les machines à vapeur alors indispensables à l'époque, pour créer le Moteur à combustion externe portant depuis son « patronyme ».
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Robert_Stirling (175 words)

	Animated Engines, Two Cylinder Stirling
		It was invented in 1816 by Rev. Robert Stirling of Scotland.
		Stirling engines feature a completely closed system in which the working gas (usually air but sometimes helium or hydrogen) is alternately heated and cooled by shifting the gas to different temperature locations within the system.
		Stirling, one cylinder is kept hot while the other is kept cool.
	www.keveney.com /Vstirling.html (393 words)

	stirling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stirling engines have been built in every size and shape imaginable from a tiny engine which will fit in a matchbox to an 800hp V12 monster intended for marine propulsion.
		Stirling proposed an engine which contained two moving pistons, one being a loose fitting plunger known as the displacer and the other being like the piston in a steam engine with a leather sealing washer known as the power piston.
		Robert Sirling could see that because the air was being repeatedly heated then cooled, that most of the heat input at the hot end was coming straight back out at the cold end and heating up the water.
	www.geocities.com /kenboak/stirling.html (2976 words)

	PowerPedia:Stirling Engine - PESWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Stirling engine was invented in 1816 by the Rev. Robert Stirling (wp (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Stirling)) who sought to create a safer alternative to the steam engines (wp (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/steam_engine)) of the time, whose boilers (wp (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/boiler)) often exploded due to the high pressure of the steam and the primitive materials of the time.
		The Stirling Engine was originally designed to deal with a 19th Century problem; the fact that steam engines had a tendency to explode due to their need for high-pressures to operate.
		Stirling Engines lost favor in the 20th Century as they were overshadowed by new engine technologies such as the internal combustion engine and the electric motor.
	peswiki.com /index.php/PowerPedia:Stirling_engine (1232 words)

	American Stirling Company FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A: Robert Stirling was a minister of the Church of Scotland who was interested in the health of his parishioners bodies in addition to the well being of their souls.
		He invented the Stirling engine (he called it an "air engine") because steam engines of his day would often explode killing and maiming those who were unlucky enough to be standing close by.
		Robert Stirling was an active minister and inventor all his life.
	www.stirlingengine.com /faq/one?scope=public&faq_id=1 (1930 words)

	Memorial Service for Robert Stirling March 16 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Robert Bruce Stirling, an assistant to former administrator Marvin "Swede" Johnson and editor of the Lo Que Pasa, died at his Tucson home March 3, 2002.
		Stirling's wife Mary said Robert's reputation was very much like the character Hildy Johnson, who played the star reporter for the Chicago Post in the play "Front Page," by Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur.
		Stirling was born in Romeo, Mich, in 1921.
	uanews.opi.arizona.edu /cgi-bin/WebObjects/UANews.woa/wa/UAPDStoryDetails?ArticleID=5189 (418 words)

	History 1816-1937
		The Rev'd Robert Stirling applied for the first of his patents for this engine and the 'Economiser' in 1816, a few months after being appointed as a minister in the Church of Scotland at age 25.
		Some historians have indicated that the reason for Rev'd Stirling's efforts at such a device were driven by his concern for the working people of his parishes as steam engines were being used extensively in that area and time period.
		Stirling's engine would not explode because the pressures were not elevated to that level...
	www.sesusa.org /history.1816.htm (519 words)

	Robert Stirling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This patent is hand written, and a comparison with known examples of Stirling's own hand writing clearly shows the writing to be that of Robert Stirling and there is no reason not to believe that he also penned the drawings.
		In 1818 Robert Stirling erected an air engine to his design to pump water from a stone quarry.
		Stirling states that this is preferable since the oil used to lubricate the piston can not get into the hot space, where it would be carbonized.
	www.stirlingengines.org.uk /pioneers/pion2.html (521 words)

	Robert Burns Country: The Burns Encyclopedia: Stirling
		The royal burgh and university town of Stirling, Sir David Lyndsay's 'Fair Snowdoun', and the county town of Stirlingshire, was probably a natural stronghold in Pictish times, or earlier.
		Adair later recounted to Dr Currie: 'At Stirling the prospects from the Castle strongly interested him; in a former visit to which, his national feelings had been powerfully excited by the ruinous and roofless state of the hall in which the Scottish parliaments had been frequently been held.
		At Stirling, we met with a company of travellers from Edinburgh, among whom was a character in many respects congenial with Burns.
	www.robertburns.org /encyclopedia/Stirling.829.shtml (683 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Stirling Engines Work"
		The Stirling engine is a heat engine that is vastly different from the internal-combustion engine in your car.
		Invented by Robert Stirling in 1816, the Stirling engine has the potential to be much more efficient than a gasoline or diesel engine.
		But today, Stirling engines are used only in some very specialized applications, like in submarines or auxiliary power generators for yachts, where quiet operation is important.
	www.howstuffworks.com /stirling-engine.htm (225 words)

	Airthrey Castle, Bridge of Allan, Stirling, Robert Adam
		The Castle forms the administrative centre for the University of Stirling, lying at the centre of a 330 acre parkland campus.
		The father of Robert Adam died in 1748 and was buried at Greyfriars Churchyard, Edinburgh.
		In 1754 Robert Adam left for his grand tour of Europe; he moved to London in 1758 and in 1761 he was appointed 'Architect of the King's Works', jointly with William Chambers, a role later taken on by his brother James.
	www.glasgowarchitecture.co.uk /airthrey_castle.htm (337 words)

	Stirling renewal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stirling's design still engenders excitement and loyalty among hobbyists and enthusiasts from Australia to South Africa to a large U.K. contingent to a California man who powers his canoe with a Stirling engine.
		Stirling coolers that incorporate the late 20th-century improvement of a free piston and use helium or molecular nitrogen, instead of CFCs or HFCs, are getting a very close look, in both contract and large corporate research and development.
		Sunpower's latest contender in the Stirling cycle system race is Biowatt, which is the trade name for a line of electric generators with a free-piston Stirling engine heated by burning biomass.
	www.memagazine.org /backissues/may99/features/stirling/stirling.html (2901 words)

	Beta Type Stirling Engines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A photograph of Robert Stirling, the original patent drawing, as well as an animated model of Stirling's engine is clearly shown in an interesting website by Bob Sier.
		From the figure we see that unlike the Alpha machine, the Beta engine has a single power piston and a displacer, whose purpose is to "displace" the working gas at constant volume, and shuttle it between the expansion and the compression spaces through the series arrangement cooler, regenerator, and heater.
		Probably the most ingenious Stirling engines yet devised are the free-piston engines invented and developed by William Beale at Ohio University in the late 1960s.
	www.ent.ohiou.edu /~urieli/stirling/engines/beta.html (404 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Stirling Moss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		At the time of his shock retirement after a near-fatal crash in 1962, motor-racing legend Stirling Moss was the most famous British sportsman of his era, and is still rated by some as the most successful driver of all time.
		Stirling took the lead on lap 35 and started to watch his tyres very carefully indeed...
		Stirling Caulfield Moss drove professionally in nearly 500 races until his near-fatal crash in 1962.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0304359041 (525 words)

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