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	Roberto Gerhard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Roberto Gerhard (born September 25, 1896 in Valls, Catalonia; died January 5, 1970 in Cambridge, England), was a Catalan-born composer of classical music.
		Gerhard's teachers included Felipe Pedrell and Arnold Schoenberg.
		After the Spanish Civil War, Gerhard moved to Cambridge, where he took up a research post at King's College.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roberto_Gerhard (94 words)

	Roberto Gerhard - Free Music Downloads, Videos, CDs, MP3s, Bio, Merchandise and Links
		Gerhard's work with Granados was cut short by the latter's tragic death aboard the H.M.S. Sussex (which was torpedoed by a German U-boat in 1916), but he continued to study with Pedrell until 1922, when, in an effort to broaden his musical horizons, he relocated to Vienna.
		Gerhard was offered a position on the faculty of the Ecola Normal de la Generalitat in 1931, and from 1932 on was a member of the Advisory Council to the Catalan Minister of Fine Arts.
		Gerhard remained virtually unknown to the musical public of his adopted country for the next fifteen years, and even the majority of British composers were unaware of his presence at Cambridge (where Gerhard had been offered a research scholarship by Cambridge historian and musicologist Edward Dent).
	www.artistdirect.com /nad/music/artist/bio/0,,702734,00.html (476 words)

	THE SYMPHONIES OF ROBERTO GERHARD by Paul Conway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gerhard then travelled to Vienna and on to Berlin, where he was a pupil of Schoenberg between 1923 and 1928 (significantly at a time when Schoenberg was formulating his 12-tone theory).
		Gerhard's avoidance of traditional "themes" makes his symphonies difficult to comprehend fully on first hearing, but their well-honed beauty and craftsmanship does reveals itself to the listener on closer acquaintance.
		On a personal level, Gerhard was recovering from a severe heart attack and some of the mounting terror and anguish to be found in all three movements and the sense of Destiny knocking at the door in his Symphony no 1 may result from this near fatal experience.
	www.musicweb-international.com /gerhard (6189 words)

	Gerhard, Roberto - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Gerhard, Roberto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He studied with Enrique Granados and Arnold Schoenberg and settled in England in 1939, where he composed twelve-tone works in Spanish style.
		Gerhard Walter-Bornmann (manager of a city district, Mainz, Germany)
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Gerhard,+Roberto (419 words)

	ROBERTO GERHARD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Though he aspired to employing all-embracing compositional systems, Gerhard was never their prisoner, and the skill with which he uses repetition for dramatic effect in this work shows that he was far from rejecting all aspects of traditional musical rhetoric.
		Before the Gerhard centenary of 1996 there was virtually nothing by him in the catalogue, and the recordings and performances that resulted have done something to raise him to something like his rightful place among major twentieth-century composers.
		Roberto Gerhard's most distinctive music appeared in his last decade - a late efflorescence echoing Janácek's - when he had transcended Schoenberg's influence and the others which that involved.
	www.metierrecords.co.uk /text/32.htm (524 words)

	Classical Net Review - Gerhard - Orchestral Works
		Roberto Gerhard was born in Catalonia in 1896 and died in Cambridge in 1970.
		Gerhard's early works like the ballets Don Quixote and Soirees de Barcelone display his interest in the nationalistic music of Catalonia, while the works after his opera The Duenna such references take a back seat to the application of serial techniques to his expression.
		Gerhard pointed to his experience of an airplane flight from America and seeing the sun rise at 30,000 feet as the initiation of his inspiration for the piece.
	www.classical.net /~music/recs/reviews/c/cha09556a.html (1037 words)

	OperaWorld.com's Opera Insights: The Duenna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gerhard's opera hasn't fared as well, and part of the blame of the opera's hidden existence falls on the composer's shoulders.
		Although Prokofiev enjoys considerable respect and fame as a composer, Roberto Gerhard (1896-1970) is, unfortunately, known in much smaller circles.
		The stage premiere of Gerhard's only opera took place at the Teatro de la Zarzuela in Madrid on January 21, 1992, more than four decades after the work was first heard.
	www.operaworld.com /special/duenna.shtml (865 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Gerhard Roberto
		Gerhard, Roberto (1896-1970), leading Catalan-born 20th-century composer, later resident of the United Kingdom.
		Roberto, racehorse, winner of the Epsom Derby in 1972.
		Owned and bred by John Galbreath, Roberto was ridden to victory by Lester Piggott, who...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Gerhard_Roberto.html (95 words)

	The Musical Times: on Roberto Gerhard
		Though fearless and independent in his critical judgements, Gerhard is not a particularly distinctive writer.
		But as Gerhard observes, ‘it is only too plain that without some degree of “exorbitance” there would be no evolution at all’.
		Indeed, far from being dogmatic, Gerhard adheres to the Wittgensteinian notion that ‘To argue about the intrinsic sense of the rules of chess, for example, would be evidently meaningless; the point of the rules lies in their being observed in the game and in their making sense in the observance’.
	www.musicaltimes.co.uk /archive/0101/gerhard.html (1160 words)

	mb gerhard con eng
		Roberto Gerhard's Concertino for strings was first performed by a string orchestra conducted by the composer at a concert organised by the Associacio de Musica de Catalana in Barcelona on 22 December, 1929 at the Palau de la Musica Catalana.
		Perhaps sharing this view, Gerhard chose not to have the piece published and subsequently the score was lost.
		Firstly, it seems evident that Gerhard was undecided as to whether he was writing a string quartet or a piece for string orchestra.
	www.meirion-bowen.com /mbgerhardconeng.htm (842 words)

	Making Time - Eclectica Magazine -- January/February 1999
		Gerhard (1897-1970) had one of the most amazing musical trajectories of any modern composer.
		Gerhard serializes not only the twelve tones, but dynamics, rhythmic cells, instrumentation and intervals.
		A translucent and shimmering middle calm (not unlike Gerhard’s “action in very slow motion”) is surrounded by two longish sections of equal weight best described as strenuous.
	www.eclectica.org /v3n1/making_time.html (824 words)

	Gerhard revival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The programme includes music by the Spanish composer Roberto Gerhard, who held a Fellowship at King's College as a political exile from Franco's Spain.
		Also in the programme is Gerhard's Wind Quintet (1928), composed in homage to Schoenberg, under whom Gerhard studied composition in Vienna and Berlin.
		Gerhard sheltered in Cambridge after the defeat of the Republican forces in the Spanish Civil War.
	www.admin.cam.ac.uk /news/dp/2003021901 (359 words)

	CNM 2000-2001 Concert Information, School of Music, The University of Iowa
		Gerhard breathed fresh life into the Barcelona musical scene, opening it up to ideas from the rest of Europe.
		In exile, Gerhard made a living writing incidental music for radio and the theatre and his reputation grew throughout the 1950s and 60s, leading to commissions for substantial works from the BBC and other bodies.
		Gerhard died in 1970; his wife outlived him by 24 years.
	www.uiowa.edu /~cnm/35.001203.html (1254 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Gerhard - Orchestral Works: Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Written in the early 1940s, Gerhard's Violin Concerto is without a doubt one of the 20th-century masterpieces for the instrument, and it's rather amazing that it's had to wait so long for a premiere recording.
		Gerhard's music has been described as like a Spanish Schoenberg (who was his friend and teacher), but that's only half the story.
		While the dreaded term "atonal" does indeed apply to his music, much of it is so beautiful as sheer sound that even casual listeners will find a lot to enjoy the first time around.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/B000005Z6I (314 words)

	Gerhard - Writings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Until now, Roberto Gerhard's writings, broadcasts and lectures have been scattered throughout a variety of publications and archives.
		Gerhard’s writings are here arranged thematically to emphasize the evolution of his musical interests.
		This selection of Gerhard’s writings range from some of his polemical writings of the 1930s, when he was a prominent member of the avant-garde in Barcelona, to later broadcasts and lectures given in the UK and USA.
	www.roberto-gerhard.com /rgwrits.htm (1326 words)

	Classics Today.com - Your Online Guide to Classical Music
		The recent upsurge in interest in Roberto Gerhard's music on disc must warm the heart of every lover of this great modern composer.
		While generally excellent, the Chandos series has not as yet given any attention to the larger chamber works such as the Nonet, and its recording of the Harpsichord Concerto was its one spectacular failure to date.
		Gerhard's music is exceptionally difficult to perform, and his aural imagination was so sensitive and that an idiomatic reproduction of the detailed indications in his scores requires very extensive preparation.
	www.classicstoday.com /review.asp?ReviewNum=762 (311 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Berger Gerhard
		MSN Encarta - Search Results - Berger Gerhard
		Groote, Gerhard (1340-1384), Dutch preacher whose Latin name is Gerardus Magnus.
		He was born in Deventer and educated at the University of Paris,...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Berger_Gerhard.html (95 words)

	OUP: Gerhard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It was during this time that Schoenberg was developing his own method of composition with twelve tones, a technique which was inevitably to affect Gerhard's own.
		In 1931 Gerhard took up the post of Professor of Music at the Escola Normal de la Generalitat in Barcelona, and served as head of the music department of the Catalan Library.
		With an increase in commercial recordings and concert performances, Gerhard's music became more widely known, bringing him the rewards denied to him for nearly half a century.
	www.oup.co.uk /music/repprom/gerhard (290 words)

	Arnold Schoenberg - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) - Roberto Gerhard
		In the Hans Keller BBC radio series on Schoenberg (1965), Roberto Gerhard (one of Schoenberg’s students) spoke very briefly about Schoenberg’s composing environment and how little it affected his work.
		Gerhard reported that Schoenberg said: “I can tell you, a back room in a back yard in Berlin is sufficient for me to write good music.” But Gerhard continued:
		When he had enough, he went back to his table, sat down, and was concentrated the next instant, deeply concentrated, completely oblivious, deaf to the latest conversation."
	www.schoenberg.at /6_archiv/faq/faq_3.htm (275 words)

	CD Spotlight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As a reviewer I must confess to being part of the neglect surrounding Roberto Gerhard's music.
		The homage to Schoenberg is obvious, for Gerhard studied with him during the Berlin years (1923-28), and had a craftsman's knowledge in using the constructive techniques Schoenbergians left to the musical world.
		Gerhard pieces together his chosen elements, whether they be rhythmic, 12 note series or hexachords, in a way that always reveals a propulsive purpose.
	www.mvdaily.com /articles/2000/08/csgrhrd1.htm (212 words)

	ROBERTO GERHARD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		"Between Gerhard's Piano Trio, almost his first work, written in 1918 at the age of 22, and Gemini, composed nearly half a century later, yawns a stylistic gulf that almost defies credence; but of the genuineness of his convictions in each case there is not the slightest question.
		The sensuous warmth of the Trio owes less to his teacher Pedrell than to Ravel - the first movement has evident echoes the "Pantoum" from the Frenchman's Pinao Trio of only four years previously, and the finale even clearer reminiscences of Ravel's String Quartet.
		Gemini (the title is the publisher's) was originally called Duo concertante, and from the outset, with its plucked piano strings and keyboard clusters, its violin scurries and its frenetic outbursts, shows Gerhard's love of experimentation in sonorities.
	www.metierrecords.co.uk /text/12.htm (313 words)

	iClassics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gerhard: Piano Trio / Sonata for Cello & Piano / Chaconne / Gemini
		Gerhard: Symphony No. 3 / Concerto for Piano & Strings / Epithalamion
		Espana - Albeniz / Falla / Gerhard / Granados
	www.iclassics.com /productDetail?contentId=19003 (116 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Gerhard - Orchestral Works: Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		At a time when Schoenberg and Stravinsky were thought of as opposite poles, Roberto Gerhard was combining the density of the one with the dynamism of the other in a wholly personal synthesis.
		Gerhard's 1960s music is in-your-face modernism that holds you in its grasp, embracing sound with an enthusiasm that remains inspirational today.
		Listen to the tape part of the Third Symphony--a cut-and-paste job that trounces most of the computer-music generation in its imagination and feeling for what's possible.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/B000000B1J (388 words)

	VARIATIONS Sound Recording vaa0234 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		La duena [sound recording] = The duenna / Roberto Gerhard.
		Gerhard, La Duena/The Duenna, Act II, Scene 1 (cont.)
		Gerhard, La Duena/The Duenna, Act II, Melodrama and Interlude
	www.dlib.indiana.edu /variations/html/vaa0234.html (206 words)

	New Acquisitions to the Music Library -- Sound Recordings -- Performer/Composer List
		Concerto for orchestra [sound recording] ; Symphony no. 2 / Roberto Gerhard.
		Symphony no. 3 [sound recording] ; Concerto for piano and strings ; Epithalamion / Roberto Gerhard.
		Violin concerto [sound recording] ; Symphony no. 1 / Roberto Gerhard.
	www.library.miami.edu /bookarchives/july03/sound_recordings_author.html (497 words)

	Welcome to Matyas Seiber 2005 centenary website :: www.seiber2005.org.uk
		A guide to the new concert version by Walter Goehr and Matyas Seiber.
		w\ GERHARD, Roberto and WELLESZ, Egon: "English Musical Life: a Symposium" in: Tempo, no. 11, 1945, pp.
		w\ GERHARD, Roberto: "England, spring 1945" in: Tempo, Great Britain Vol.
	www.seiber2005.org.uk /index_of_complete_works.html (2759 words)

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