Rock microstructure

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Topic: Rock microstructure

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	Extending knowledge of the parent rock.
		Polymineralic grains directly conserving the mineralogy and the microstructure of the rock.
		Minerals that would go unnoticed in the parent rock as they are found in very scarce quantities and which concentrate in the soil in this fraction.
		Sand mineralogy reflects the mineralogy of the original material (rock or sediment) that the soil comes from.
	edafologia.ugr.es /arenas/derocaw.htm

	YJYT-92-10, Creep in crystalline rock
		The most important factors affecting the subcritical crack growth in crystalline rock are the stress state, the chemical environment, temperature and the microstructure of the rock.
		The time-dependent strength and deformation properties of hard crystalline rock are studied.
		The effect of microcrack-driven creep on the stability of the work shaft, the emplacement tunnel and the capsulation hole of a proposed nuclear waste repository was studied using a numerical model developed by Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. According to the model, the microcrack driven creep progresses very slowly in good quality rock.
	www.hut.fi /~pjeloran/creep.html

	Engineering Geology: Subject Guide: Drexel University Libraries
		A practical professional guide for geotechnical engineers working with residual soils, with chapters on origin and formation, classification, mineralogy and microstructure, profile description and sampling methods, classification and index tests, compaction, permeability, compressibility and settlement of residual soils, and shear strength behavior and measurement of shear strength.
		This is a practical reference book describing current engineering practice in the investigation, design and construction of foundations on rock.
		International Journal Of Rock Mechanics And Mining Science And Geomechanics Abstracts
	www.library.drexel.edu /resources/guides/enggeology.html

	Bas den Brok - publications
		Morel, J., den Brok, S.W.J. (1999) Effect of stress on dissolution rate and on optical deformation microstructure of free faces of single crystals of very soluble brittle salts.Abstract volume of the International conference on "Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Microstructures" held in Neustadt an der Weinstrasse, Germany, 22-24 March 1999.
		DEN BROK, S.W.J., J. MOREL (2001): The effect of elastic strain on the microstructure of free surfaces of stressed minerals in contact with an aqueous solution.
		Keulen, N. T., den Brok, S.W.J., Spiers, C.J. (2001) Force of crystallisation of gypsum during hydration of synthetic anhydrite rock.
	n.ethz.ch /student/denbroks/publications.html (1891 words)

	Application Areas: Petrography
		SIMAGIS ® Research solution suite that provides material characterization and microstructure structure analysis solutions for petrography applications including analysis of oil-bearing rock structure, composition of cement clinker, phase contents of coking coals and others.
		This solution combines capabilities of image analysis, stereological reconstruction, 3-D modeling with data from NMR spectrums of real samples to create 3-D model of pore space and oil-bearing rock microstructure.
	smartimtech.com /applications_petr.htm (1891 words)

	Method for forming basalt fibers with improved tensile strength - Patent 4149866
		A sample of basalt rock having an initial content of 2.1% ferric oxide and 11.5% ferrous oxide was melted under normal ceramic conditions and drawn to produce fibers of identical diameter, the fibers being drawn under air and under a nitrogen atmosphere, which was utilized to prevent oxidation of the ferrous iron.
		However, when the basalt rock is melted under normal process conditions in an electric furnace and subsequently drawn through a platinum die, substantial portions of the ferrous oxide are oxidized to produce an increase in the ratio of ferric oxide to ferrous oxide over that ratio which is present in the initial rock.
		A discussion of basalt, including a review of its chemical composition, microstructure, and physical characteristics, is provided in U.S. Pat.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4149866.html (1361 words)

	Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
		In the permeability study, the piston-cylinder apparatus is used to fabricate metal-jacketed "rock" samples exhibiting near-equilibrium microstructure in the presence of aqueous fluid.
		Project Description: Deep in the Earth, fluid-assisted geochemical transport is controlled mainly by: 1) the solubilities of rock components in the fluid of interest; 2) the diffusion characteristics of the dissolved solutes; and 3) the permeability of the rock to fluid flow.
		After recovery from the piston-cylinder apparatus, the samples are mounted for permeability characterization at room conditions using conventional gas-flow techniques.
	www.er.doe.gov /bes/geo/Publications/FY97Summ/rpi.htm (569 words)

	materials science 01
		Such an extent of fractal microstructure in a rock is remarkable, when compared with the limited size range over which the fractal properties are usually observed (typically one order of magnitude)
		1 shows that the pore-rock fabric interface is a surface fractal with dimension DS = 2.82 over three orders of magnitude of the length scale and ten orders of magnitude in cross section.
		Figure 2: Variation of the average number of SEM features per unit length (N/L) with feature size obtained from SEM images of the cleaved surface of sedimentary rock U116.
	www.ill.fr /AR-99/page/51materials.htm (569 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		020200 -- Petroleum-- Reserves, Geology, & Exploration ;030200 -- Natural Gas-- Reserves, Geology, & Exploration; LOUISIANA-- NATURAL GAS DEPOSITS;LOUISIANA-- PETROLEUM DEPOSITS;NATURAL GAS DEPOSITS-- RESERVOIR ROCK;PETROLEUM DEPOSITS-- RESERVOIR ROCK;RESERVOIR ROCK-- DIAGENESIS; CALCITE;CEMENTS;CHLORITE MINERALS;DISSOLUTION;DOLOMITE;GEOLOGIC FORMATIONS;MICROSTRUCTURE;MINERALOGY;POROSITY;SANDSTONES
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		For a journal article, please see the Resource Relation field.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=7079116 (569 words)

	New Page 1
		Construction and monitoring of a composite soil cover on an experimental waste rock pile near Newcastle, New Brunswick, Canada.
		Design of a composite soil cover for an experimental waste rock pile near Newcastle, New Brunswick, Canada.
		Microstructure Workshop organized by U.S. Navy, Naval Ocean and Development Activity, New Orleans, October 1988).
	www.engga.uwo.ca /research/grc/env-ref1993-90.htm (556 words)

	Dr. Paul W.J. Glover
		His research interests cover the electric, hydraulic, mechanical and seismic properties of rocks and their control by rock microstructure.
		Paul’s research involves the determination of the physical and mechanical properties of rocks.
		Glover P., K. Matsuki, R. Hikima and K. Hayashi 1998 Synthetic rough fractures in rocks, J.
	www.abdn.ac.uk /~eng373/PG_summary.html (556 words)

	Nonlinear Elasticity in Earth Materials
		Furthermore, nonlinear behavior plays a central role in developing new methods with which to characterize material properties; some of these new methods include interrogating the elastic microstructure of rock, determining if a material is damaged, or monitoring progressive damage.
		The class of materials includes rock, damaged solids, and compressed powdered metals; we are finding other members of this class as we study additional materials.
		Today, dynamic nonlinear elasticity of Earth materials is well recognized in the domains of geomaterials, materials science, and strong ground motion, and there are an ever-increasing number of researchers in this area.
	ees5-www.lanl.gov /Publications/Articles/05nonlin_elast_106-7.shtml (362 words)

	The Predator in the Stone by Neil Caudle -- Endeavors, Winter 2000
		eanwhile, in Blacksburg, Virginia, Brian Coffey is working on a doctorate, mapping the rocks of the coastal plain from the early Cenozoic.
		But at this moment, he has not agreed to double his workload for the sake of this fossil, whatever it is. After all, Carter’s specialty is the microstructure of mollusks, and this thing Coffey has brought him is certainly not a clam.
		Then Coffey begins tapping at the soft stone with his rock hammer.
	www.research.unc.edu /endeavors/win2000/covsty.htm (2714 words)

	lpsc92na.txt
		Composition and Structure of Black Veins in Barbotan (H5) and Charsonville (H6) Chondrites Semenova A. Nazarov M. Guseva E. Lunar Meteorite MAC 88105: Petrology of Igneous Rock Clasts Shearer C. Brearley A. Trace Element Zoning and Subsolidus Microstructure of Pigeonite in the Zagami Shergottite Shukolyukov Yu.
		Lopes-Gautier R. Kilburn C. The Growth of Aa and Blocky Lavas and Implications for Magmatic Feeding Systems Austin R. England A. Multi-Scale Roughness Spectra of Volcanic Debris Flows Tuesday, March 17, 1992 POSTER SESSION I: IMPACT CRATERING: THEORETICAL ASPECTS 7:00 - 9:00 p.m.
		Statistics of Martian Craters Evidences for a Dense Atmosphere in the Past Gibson E. Jr.
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/programs/lpsc92na.txt (2714 words)

	lpsc92na.txt
		Composition and Structure of Black Veins in Barbotan (H5) and Charsonville (H6) Chondrites Semenova A. Nazarov M. Guseva E. Lunar Meteorite MAC 88105: Petrology of Igneous Rock Clasts Shearer C. Brearley A. Trace Element Zoning and Subsolidus Microstructure of Pigeonite in the Zagami Shergottite Shukolyukov Yu.
		Statistics of Martian Craters Evidences for a Dense Atmosphere in the Past Gibson E. Jr.
		McGovern P. J.* Solomon S. State of Stress and Tectonics of Large Volcanoes on Mars and Earth Wichman R. W.* Schultz P. Distribution of Lithospheric Failure and Volcanism in the Lunar Crisium Basin: Additional Signatures of an Oblique Multi-Ring Impact Structure Cooper B. Apollo 17 Lunar Sounder: Evidence for Graben Structure in the Procellarum Basin?
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/programs/lpsc92na.txt (2714 words)

	lpsc92na.txt
		Composition and Structure of Black Veins in Barbotan (H5) and Charsonville (H6) Chondrites Semenova A. Nazarov M. Guseva E. Lunar Meteorite MAC 88105: Petrology of Igneous Rock Clasts Shearer C. Brearley A. Trace Element Zoning and Subsolidus Microstructure of Pigeonite in the Zagami Shergottite Shukolyukov Yu.
		Statistics of Martian Craters Evidences for a Dense Atmosphere in the Past Gibson E. Jr.
		McGovern P. J.* Solomon S. State of Stress and Tectonics of Large Volcanoes on Mars and Earth Wichman R. W.* Schultz P. Distribution of Lithospheric Failure and Volcanism in the Lunar Crisium Basin: Additional Signatures of an Oblique Multi-Ring Impact Structure Cooper B. Apollo 17 Lunar Sounder: Evidence for Graben Structure in the Procellarum Basin?
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/programs/lpsc92na.txt (2714 words)

	lpsc92na.txt
		Composition and Structure of Black Veins in Barbotan (H5) and Charsonville (H6) Chondrites Semenova A. Nazarov M. Guseva E. Lunar Meteorite MAC 88105: Petrology of Igneous Rock Clasts Shearer C. Brearley A. Trace Element Zoning and Subsolidus Microstructure of Pigeonite in the Zagami Shergottite Shukolyukov Yu.
		Statistics of Martian Craters Evidences for a Dense Atmosphere in the Past Gibson E. Jr.
		McGovern P. J.* Solomon S. State of Stress and Tectonics of Large Volcanoes on Mars and Earth Wichman R. W.* Schultz P. Distribution of Lithospheric Failure and Volcanism in the Lunar Crisium Basin: Additional Signatures of an Oblique Multi-Ring Impact Structure Cooper B. Apollo 17 Lunar Sounder: Evidence for Graben Structure in the Procellarum Basin?
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/programs/lpsc92na.txt (2714 words)

	lpsc92na.txt
		Composition and Structure of Black Veins in Barbotan (H5) and Charsonville (H6) Chondrites Semenova A. Nazarov M. Guseva E. Lunar Meteorite MAC 88105: Petrology of Igneous Rock Clasts Shearer C. Brearley A. Trace Element Zoning and Subsolidus Microstructure of Pigeonite in the Zagami Shergottite Shukolyukov Yu.
		Petaev M. Noble Gases in the Omolon Pallasite Skripnik A. Ya.
		A Model of the Physico-Chemical Evolution of the Venus Atmosphere as a Result of Volcanic CO2 Degassing Zolotov M. Yu.
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/programs/lpsc92na.txt (1370 words)

	PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway: Search/Browse Results
		The moons are all made of ice and rock.
		Plasma Spray Coating Microstructure Ceramic Coatings Plasma sprayed Zirconia Titania Yttria Ceramic Composite Coating over a Nickel Aluminium Bond Coat Coating sectioned from a piston ring Plasma sprayed 60/40 Alumina / Titania Ceramic Coating Telepho...
		Titania, the largest, is about half the size of our own moon.
	www.psigate.ac.uk /roads/cgi-bin/search_webcatalogue2.pl?limit=250&term1=titan (936 words)

	Bayerisches Geoinstitut - Annual Report 2002 - Microstructure of metamorphic coesite from Dora Maira, Alps (F. Langenhorst and J.-P. Poirier, in collaboration with H.-P. Schertl/Bochum)
		The presence of relic coesite indicates that the metamorphic host rock was subducted to depths greater than 100 km, at peak metamorphic conditions of 3.7 GPa and 800 °C. The coesite occurs as inclusions in garnets and is surrounded by a rim of retrograde quartz, displaying usually a palisade structure.
		The knowledge of the mechanical properties of coesite is important for understanding the rheology and deformation behaviour of lower crustal rocks and deeply subducted crustal slabs.
		The Burgers vectors of dislocations in monoclinic coesite are [100], [001], [110] (i.e.
	www.bgi.uni-bayreuth.de /annual_report/2002/c_61.phtml (431 words)

	David A. Spencer - Education: Doctor of Natural Sciences
		Geology of the Alps III, Quaternary Geology of the eastern Alps and eastern Switzerland, Theoretical tectonics, Structural Geology II, Structural Geology Practical II, Tectonics II, Structural Petrology II, Structural Petrology practical II, Rheology of rocks, Metamorphic Geology, Metamorphic Geology practical, Doctor research seminars, Structural Geology seminars, Geological colloquiums, Geological seminars and visiting lecturers.
		The project mainly utilised modern structural geology techniques (microstructure, macrostructure and megastructure) to assist in the understanding of processes that took place at deep levels in the crust during the formation of the Himalaya.
		Geology of Switzerland II, Photogeology II, Theoretical Structural Geology II, Theoretical Structural Geology Practical II, Field excursions, Gemmology, Geology of the Alps IV, Theoretical Petrology, Rock Microscopy II, Doctor research seminars, Structural geology seminars, Geological colloquiums, Geological seminars and visiting lecturers.
	www.davidaspencer.com /021educationdoctor.html (766 words)

	ILL : ANNUAL REPORT 2001
		Quantitative texture analysis of geological low symmetry material from the Alpine chain, carried out at the D1B diffractometer, allows to compare neutron with X-rays data in the quantitative determination of multiphase geological textures and to define the relationship between microstructure and texture.
		The quantitative texture analysis of eclogite facies fabrics, developed at high pressure (15-20 kbar) and low temperature (550-600°C) allows investigating the deformation mechanisms of rock forming minerals within a subducting continental crust.
		The Sesia-Lanzo Zone is a kilometre wide slice of continental crust subducted and exhumed during the Alpine orogeny [1].
	www.ill.fr /AR-01/p-54.htm (766 words)

	ASPECTS OF FLUID/ROCK MICROSTRUCTURE THAT MIGHT AFFECT ROCK RHEOLOGY: AN EXPERIMENTALIST'S HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
		Over the past 15 years, high P-T experimentalists have developed a more-or-less unified view of the microstructures of rocks containing C-O-H fluids.
		In the mid-1980s it was discovered that, under conditions of chemical and mechanical equilibrium, the geometry and interconnectedness of pores depends upon the mineralogy of the host rock and the composition of the fluid.
		All other forms of reproduction and/or transmittal are prohibited without written permission from GSA Copyright Permissions.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_25958.htm (766 words)

	:: SEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY ::
		Burkett, P. J., Bennett, R. and Bryant, W. The role of microstructure of Pacific red clays in radioactive waste disposal.
		Type of Sample: rock dredge and sediment core
		Burke, S. K., Dunbar, R. and Berger, W. Benthic and pelagic foraminifera of the Macoma layer, Santa Barbara Basin.
	collections.ucsd.edu /cs/biblio/act_list.php (766 words)

	The lunar surface layer
		Bombardment of the lunar surface by the solar wind and by cosmic ray particles is also considered, both as a means of determining the individual histories of lunar rock samples and of investigating possible variations in the flux of such particles over cosmological time scales.
		The effect of solar electromagnetic radiation on the Moon's surface is described, from which information about the chemical composition, microstructure and thermal properties of the surface may be deduced.
		Both impact and internal mechanisms for the origin of the lunar surface features are considered.
	stacks.iop.org /0034-4885/36/289 (766 words)

	SBSC Bio: Jayne Belnap
		Soil microstructure in soils of the Colorado Plateau: the role of the cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus.
		Her dissertation was on the effects of coal-fired power plants on the physiological functioning of biological soil crusts and rock lichens.
		Biological soil crusts of Mongolia: impacts of grazing and precipitation on nitrogen inputs.
	sbsc.wr.usgs.gov /about/contact/bio/belnap_jayne.aspx?id=211 (766 words)

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Topic: Rock microstructure

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In the News (Sun 15 Nov 09)