
	Where results make sense

Topic: Rock shelters

Related Topics

Waterfall

Charcoal

	Rock shelter
		A rock shelter is a shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.
		Rock shelters form because a rock stratum such as sandstone that's resistant to erosion and weathering has formed a cliff or bluff, but a softer stratum, more subject to erosion and weathering, lies just below the resistant stratum, and thus undercuts the cliff.
		This same phenomenon commonly occurs at waterfalls, and, indeed, many rock shelters are found under waterfalls.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ro/Rock_shelter.html (99 words)

	IA DNR: State Parks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Rock Creek is a popular picnic spot and the open picnic shelter may be reserved for a fee.
		Rock Creek is one of central Iowa's camping hotspots.
		Rock Creek is one of central Iowa's major state parks and was officially dedicated on August 24, 1952.
	www.iowadnr.com /parks/state_park_list/rock_creek.html (414 words)

	The Rock Art Foundation
		In Cueva Encantada, a dry rock shelter in Coahuila, we uncovered an infant bed that had been lined with sotol hearts over a layer of heated rocks, obviously an attempt to keep the baby warm, therefore probably wintertime.
		Based on pure common sense, I would think that you sought shelters in the winter and the summer, one for heat and one for shade, with intermittent occupation during inclement weather in spring and fall.
		Rock shelters are much fewer and smaller along the Devils River than along the Pecos or Rio Grande so obviously they were less convenient.
	www.rockart.org /faq/1999_07.html (1026 words)

	Rock shelter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Because rock shelters form natural shelters from the weather, prehistoric humans often used them as living-places, and left behind trash, tools, and other artifacts.
		In mountainous areas the shelters can also be important for mountaineers.
		In western Connecticut and eastern New York, many rock shelters are known by the colloquialism "leatherman caves",[1] as they were inhabited by the Leatherman over three decades in the late 1800s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rock_shelter (173 words)

	ROCK ART, A LEGACY OF PREHISTORIC ,SUNDARGARH
		The rock shelter is odorned with 57 specimen of paintings in monochrome of dark red, orange red, white and yellow and the lone specimen of an engraving of a serpentine near the water source.
		Group of rock shelters are a few human forms in dark red wearing horned head gears and carrying sticks, human figures in white executed right upon he dark, red paintings carry sword, musical drums and sticks.
		Grinding holes are found on the floors of all the rock shelters and the other artifacts found are a large number of microliths form the rock shelters and their frontal slopes, Charcoal, Iron fragments and haematite lumps.
	sundergarh.nic.in /rock.htm (1204 words)

	Reports Submitted to FAMSI - Timothy E. Scheffler
		There are several patterns observed in the modern use of caves and rock shelters that are worth noting as they may contribute to the interpretation of the archaeological remains at El Gigante.
		Rock shelters are not commonly inhabited these days, however, several very recently abandoned shelters were encountered as well as one that served as a permanent residence.
		We have documented that it is possible for small family groups to inhabit shelters on a permanent basis, subsisting by farming and gathering in the local region away from permanently settled villages.
	www.famsi.org /reports/00071/section04.htm (394 words)

	Bhimbetka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stone age rock shelters and paintings date back 9,000 years.
		The rock shelters and caves of Bhimbetka have several interesting paintings and most of the paintings depict the life and times of the people who lived in these caves, including scenes of childbirth, communal dancing and drinking, and religious rites and burials and also the natural environment around them.
		On another rock, two elephants with tusks are painted.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bhimbetka (763 words)

	Rock Shelters of the Upper Cumbe
		Rock Shelters of the Upper Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee
		A primary working hypothesis of my rock shelter research is that cultural sequences (culture histories) applied to this region are inadequate.
		Watson, Patty Jo Ridges, Rises, and Rocks; Caves, Coves, Terraces, and Hollows: Appalachian Archaeology at the Millennium.
	faculty.etsu.edu /FRANKLIJ/UCP_shelter_page.htm (745 words)

	How old is Australian Rock Art? - Aboriginal Art Online
		Australian rock art, while extensive and in places of great age, is nevertheless not the oldest in the world.
		Their appearance in the layers of material on the floor of the shelter is usually interpreted as the beginning of occupation at the shelter.
		In the case of rock painting in Australia, dates have been obtained for pigment directly on the walls and for painted fragments buried in deposits of campsite material.
	www.aboriginalartonline.com /art/rockage.php (1730 words)

	Rock Varnish: A Primer for Rock Art Research
		After rock coatings were mentioned in the Old Testament (Levithicus 13,14), Nabateans used visual differences between rock coatings and the underlying sandstone to highlight monumental architecture in Petra at about the same time as Nasca cultures juxtaposed dark and light rock coatings to create giant ground figures in the Peruvian Desert.
		Subaerial dolerite rock surfaces in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica are rimmed by iron oxyhydroxides that both form an accretion and a weathering rind over a millimetre thick.
		Rocks in acid streams in Arctic and alpine settings are often impregnated with iron hydroxides that can physically separate pieces of the rock, much like salt or frost weathering.
	alliance.la.asu.edu /dorn/VarnishPages/rvbasic/RockCoatingsBasic.html (1157 words)

	Lower Pecos-Rock Art
		As subsequent recorders have learned, copying rock art is a subjective process—what is copied depends on lighting conditions, condition of the pictographs, and the eye and skill of the beholder.
		The striking and inspiring rock art of the region is celebrated, photographed, illustrated, recorded, and studied by hundreds of enthusiasts across the country and a much smaller number of dedicated researchers.
		Turpin and Zintgraff are co-founders of the Rock Art Foundation, a nonprofit organizations devoted to the preservation and study of rock art.
	www.texasbeyondhistory.net /pecos/art.html (1594 words)

	The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum - Travel
		The sight of the rock shelters was judiciously chosen by the early dwellers, as it is situated at a considerable height and the plains are clearly visible, which was probably meant to enable the inhabitants to keep a watch on the surrounding area.
		On the wall of one shelter is drawn the picture of a bison in pursuit of a hunter while his two companions stand helplessly nearby.
		On one of the rocks there is an exceptionally beautiful picture in which a calf elephant is being dragged away with the help of a huge tusker and the mother elephant is following her calf in a state of sheer helplessness.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2002/20020630/spectrum/travel.htm (1302 words)

	Carlsbad Caverns National Park's Teacher Guide: About Bats, Caves, & Deserts
		Rock art, as with any type of artifact, is a remnant of a culture.
		Pictographs are rock paintings, usually found in more protected and concealed areas than petroglyphs, possibly because of their higher vulnerability to weathering.
		Colored rocks and minerals were powdered for pigments and produced reds, yellows, whites, fls and even some greens and blues for use in paintings.
	www.nps.gov /cave/teacherguide/fs.rockart.htm (2107 words)

	Talking Rocks Lesson Plan: Visions in Stone: The Article
		For purposes of this paper, the definition of rock art is extended to include petroforms, that is, boulder or stone outlines which have been configured directly on the ground surface to resemble a variety of anthropomorphic, zoomorphic or geometric forms; petroforms do not include tipi rings, crive lines, or other such rock alignments.
		A single petroglyph from a Minnesota river Valley rock shelter in Nicollet county (21NL15) in south-central Minnesota was described by Winchell (1911:562) as "Incomprehensible" in form: this glyph was one of several which Lewis had previously described as "bird tracks".
		Rock art sites possessing sufficient integrity will generally be eligible for listing on the national Register of Historic Places under national register Criterion D, since they have the potential to yield information important in the prehistory or history of the state.
	www.artsconnected.org /artsnetmn/identity/talking_rocks/visbodyb.html (3753 words)

	Rock Art Weathering
		The relatively porous sandstones in the rock shelters and on isolated boulders provided an ideal canvas for San to paint scenes that reflected their history and spirituality.
		Most literature concerned with the deterioration of rock art as a result of rock weathering processes is speculative, qualitative and lacks the rigour required for an evaluation of the role of specific weathering processes.
		Rock art will is subjected to the impact of contemporary weathering processes and may be lost to future generations unless drastic measures are implemented for its preservation.
	www.up.ac.za /academic/geog/rock_art.html (901 words)

	URARA - Is Rock Art, Art?
		The elements tend to fade and remove the pigments in the pictographs, so most of the legible remaining ones are in rock shelters or caves.
		However, they had words in their language for writing and reading, in the sense that writing was the making of records that could be read by others, and that reading was the interpreting and understanding of these written records (Martineau 1973).
		The term "Rock Art" is un-scientific in that it implies that a conclusion has been reached as to the nature of the graphics before a serious study has ever begun.
	www.utahrockart.org /isitart2.html (1748 words)

	Rockclimbing
		Rock climbers from the world over have discovered first class climbing on the spectacular sandstone cliffs of eastern Kentucky.
		Climbing routes follow natural features in the rock such as cracks where climbers place removable metal devices to which their ropes are secured.
		Many rock shelters were utilized over the last 10,000 years by indigenous peoples for living quarters or by early pioneers and settlers for saltpeter and niter mining.
	www.fs.fed.us /r8/boone/recreation/rock_climb.shtml (462 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Rock art, a generic term used by researchers that is applied to rock engravings and rock paintings and drawings, is broadly described in two categories: 1) rock paintings and drawings, jointly referred to as pictographs; and 2) rock engravings, often referred to as petroglyphs.
		Pictographs, which were produced by an additive process, survive today in caves, rock shelters, or exposed rock surfaces where the images are partly protected from weathering.
		During the last century rock art was viewed as a curiosity or relic of a "primitive people." Today these images are understood and valued as a spiritual or religious expression of the totality of the human condition.
	www1.umn.edu /marp/rockart/rockart.html (769 words)

	Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka - Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka Madhya Pradesh
		Dense forests shaded by huge sandstone outcrops house five clusters of natural rock shelters that showcase paintings that are as old as the Mesolithic Period.
		The large number of rock art paintings and its quality is symbolic of the long interaction between the people of the area and their landscape and provides much information about the hunting and gathering economy of the local tribals of the region.
		In all, there are more than 700 such shelters in the region, out of which 243 are in Bhimbetka group which are also known for displaying the world's oldest stone walls and floors.
	www.saviontravel.com /world-heritage-sites/rock-shelters-bhimbetka.html (297 words)

	Rock Art India - Characteristics of Indian Rock Paintings
		Somewhat surprisingly for such a wide continent, Indian rock art has often been considered as pertaining to a “cultural unity”, as is the case for Upper Palaeolithic cave art in Europe.
		“The particular portions of rock were probably sacred parts of shelters or the artists painted upon the old drawings simply to enhance the power of his new pictures.
		Classification of rock art on the basis of evolutionary traits visible in the development of forms, motifs, styles, inventions, technology, fauna, and human cognitive and creative abilities.
	www.bradshawfoundation.com /india/characteristics.html (1106 words)

	Rock Art of the Lower Pecos - Shumla School
		Specifically, her broader goals are to make clear how rock art was a means of social and environmental adaptation for communities of hunter-gatherers, and to explain how the creation of the rock art itself served in an active way to strengthen or challenge existing social, economic, and religious identities.
		From these analyses, Boyd identifies three distinct and recurring motifs in the rock art, and ties their meanings together by arguing that rock art was a creative adaptive response by the Lower Pecos Archaic peoples to the conditions of the time.
		The other two motifs on the rock art panels are representations of peyote and datura, both psychotropic plants that were used by shamans "as a sacrament, medicine, and bridge to the supernatural realm" (p.
	www.shumla.org /discover/book-reviews/sw-hist-quart.htm (537 words)

	NamibWeb.com - The online guide to Namibia: Rock art in Namibia
		The paintings are generally found on a walls of rock shelters (caves, etc.) formed in cliffs in the mountains.
		An analysis of more than 16 000 rock engravings in Namibia has revealed that animals, their spoors and abstract motives and images are represented almost equally.
		The age of rock engravings has been established to be from 2 000 to 6 000 years old while some painted pieces have been dated up to 27 000 years old.
	www.namibweb.com /rockart.htm (497 words)

	Rock Garden Trail Description
		Rock Garden Trail is one of several options for returning to the parking area from Natural Bridge.
		Because it is longer than both the Original Trail and Balanced Rock Trail, it is less frequently traveled.
		The trail has two distinct sections, the section closest to the ridge top has many rock shelters, slump blocks, and other geological formations, while the section closer to Hemlock Lodge has the many large boulders and wildflowers that give the trail its name.
	www.kywilderness.com /akguide/rockgarden.htm (591 words)

	Meadowcroft excavator to explore Texas rock shelters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The expertise James Adovasio has developed since he headed the excavation of the Meadowcroft rock shelter near Avella 30 years ago is being put to use at Fort Hood, Texas, where Adovasio is supervising a five-year program of archaeological digs.
		A number of limestone rock shelters are scattered across the 220,000-acre fort, so Mercyhurst's expertise was a major reason it was chosen for the program.
		For instance, the rock shelter where excavations began this summer dates to at least 1 A.D. and spans a portion of prehistory, perhaps between the years 500 and 600, when people gave up spears in favor of bows and arrows.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/03283/229824.stm (596 words)

	History of Rock Art Research in Arkansas
		The first published account of Arkansas rock art appeared in the late nineteenth century, when public museums and other institutions relied on private citizens as well as professional scholars to report all manner of scientific facts and discoveries.
		He thought attribution of the pictographs to Indians "seems plausible from the pile of ashes and refuse under the shelter, in which potsherds, flints, and bone fragments were found" (Walker 1932: 168), even though no direct links between the rock art and the archeological materials could be established.
		Rock art sites for which existing information is inadequate should be revisited and documented according to our best current standards.
	rockart.uark.edu /history.html (3475 words)

	Southern African Rock-Art Sites
		Rock paintings, on the other hand, are most common in areas where there are caves or rock shelters in outcrops of granite and in sedimentary rocks formations of limestone, sandstone and quartzite.
		Rock engravings in all traditions were made most commonly by removing the weathered outer surface of rocks such as dolerite to create a colour contrast with the underlying unweathered rock (Dowson 1992).
		THE CONTENT of the rock art varies within the region, but there are several themes that are sufficiently widespread to indicate broad, high-level geographical and temporal continuity within the Southern African hunter-gatherer, herder, and agriculturist belief systems over the period in which rock paintings and rock engravings were done.
	www.icomos.org /studies/sarockart.htm (5736 words)

	Our Mission \| The Rock Art Foundation
		For over five millennia, aboriginal artists recorded elaborate scenes upon the limestone canvas of canyons and rock shelters in an area defined by the lower courses of the Pecos and Devil's rivers and their confluences with the Rio Grande.
		It is the goal of the RAF to educate the public by fostering an appreciation for these endangered art treasures, and rallying support for their preservation and further study.
		Rock art conservation is a field in its infancy and long-term experimentation is a prerequisite for attempts to clean, preserve, or restore the cave paintings.
	www.rockart.org /mission.html (386 words)

	A Steadfast Spirit - Native American Rock Shelters
		Today was all about Native American Rock Shelters (specifically the Leni Lenape tribe) and the temporary rock shelters they built to assist them with their fishing/hunting/gathering lifestyle.
		A rock shelter was discovered and excavated for artifacts in a particular section of this 3,000 acre park where the nature center is located.
		Also, when we hiked through the woods to get to the shelter, about 15 of us were so far back on the skinny trail that we caught only half of what she was explaining about the site.
	www.homeschoolblogger.com /momster/204022 (236 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)