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Topic: Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research

	ROCKEFELLER, John D(avison), Jr.
		He was chairman of the board of directors of the Rockefeller Foundation, a director of the General Education Board, and president of the board of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research.
		Among Rockefeller’s important philanthropic activities were his financing of the colonial restoration of Williamsburg, Va., and his donation of land in New York City to the UN for use as the site of its international headquarters.
		On December 19, 1974, Nelson A. Rockefeller, a former four-term governor of New York and the grandson of oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller, Sr., was sworn.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=220820 (661 words)

	Rockefeller University - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rockefeller University is a private university focusing primarily on graduate education and research in the biomedical fields, located between 63rd and 68th street on York Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan island in New York City, New York.
		The original Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research was founded in 1901 by John D. Rockefeller, who had earlier founded the University of Chicago.
		Rockefeller University, though not widely recognized by the lay public, is one of the world leaders in biomedical research.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rockefeller_University (266 words)

	John D. Rockefeller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rockefeller was not paid until after he had worked there three months, when Hewitt gave him $50 (3.57 a week) and told him that his salary was being increased to $25 a month.
		Rockefeller's grandson, Nelson Rockefeller, was Vice President of the United States under Gerald Ford and another grandson Winthrop Rockefeller served as Governor of Arkansas.
		As a consequence, Rockefeller (along with the Rothschilds) was considered in that country the canonical billionaire, and was used in comparisons as synonymous with extreme wealth (this usage somewhat receded now)He was a sex freak.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_D._Rockefeller (1541 words)

	AllRefer.com - Rockefeller University, United States (Colleges, U.S.) - Encyclopedia
		Rockefeller University, Colleges, U.S. Related Category: Colleges, U.S. Rockefeller University, philanthropic organization in New York City, founded 1901 as the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research by John D. Rockefeller for furthering medical science and its allied subjects and to make knowledge of these subjects available to the public.
		In 1958 it became the Rockefeller Institute, and in 1965 its present name was adopted.
		Research projects in the biological and biomedical sciences are continually under way, including a program of advanced study in collaboration with the medical school of Cornell Univ. The university publishes several journals as well as conference reports and monographs.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/RockefelU.html (330 words)

	The Rockefeller University - History
		The Hospital was the first center for clinical research in the United States, a place where researchers could bridge the gap between science and the bedside, studying diseases both in the laboratory and as they manifested in patients.
		By the 1930s, Rockefeller researchers also were delving into basic research to understand, for example, the physiology of nerve cells, how the immune system works and the biochemistry of proteins essential for life.
		In 1965, The Rockefeller Institute became The Rockefeller University, broadening its research mandate further.
	www.rockefeller.edu /history.php (1050 words)

	Simon Flexner Papers, American Philosophical Society
		The Medical Institute of the University of Louisville had never established an academic department and was therefore staffed entirely by a group of practitioners who conducted lectures - and granted degrees - rather casually.
		The medical school student body consisted of fourteen men and three women; the inclusion of the latter was not included in the original plan but became a condition of funding.
		Flexner conducted important research on toxins and diphtheria during 1893-1894, which contributed to the discovery of a cure and led him to inadvertently stumble on the phenomenon of anaphylaxis.
	www.amphilsoc.org /library/mole/f/flexner.htm (4438 words)

	The Rockefeller Foundation - Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		In 1909 he established the Rockefeller Sanitary Commission for Eradication of Hook-worm Disease to cure and prevent the disease, particularly in the southern United States.
		Rockefeller was prepared to begin the Rockefeller Foundation in 1909, even signing a deed of trust to turn over 72,569 shares of Standard Oil of New Jersey stock worth $50 million.
		But difficulties in seeking a federal charter for the Foundation, desired by Rockefeller though never obtained, resulted in a delay until 1913, when the Foundation was officially incorporated in the state of New York.
	www.rockfound.org /about_us/history/timeline.shtml (448 words)

	Philanthropy Magazine @ The Philanthropy Roundtable (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Rockefeller also picked his teachers well, studying under Joseph A. Schumpeter, Friedrich von Hayek, Frank Knight, and many other seminal figures in economics who shared a belief in the role of markets, which John Maynard Keynes was then challenging with his ideas about state intervention.
		Rockefeller recalls that Zhou Enlai was "most interested in discussing the international economic and monetary situation." Not one to disappoint a host, he gave the Chinese leader an economics lecture that continued until almost 1:00 a.m.
		In 1965 the institute's name was changed to Rockefeller University, and it remains one of the premier medical research centers in the world.
	www.philanthropyroundtable.org /magazines/2003/march/pennoyer.html (1088 words)

	JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER: AMERICAN PHILANTHRAPIST. Free term papers for college, book reports and research papers. Welcome ...
		Rockefeller was involved in the South Improvement Company Scheme in 1871, which was...a defensive alliance of Cleveland refiners to meet the bitter opposition of the oil producers of Pennsylvania.
		Rockefeller became very generous with his money, becoming very involved in philanthropy in his old age and when he died he was worth $26 million and one share of Standard Oil valued at $43.94.
		Rockefeller is a good example of a rags to riches story of someone who worked hard their whole life and never gave up on what he wanted.
	www.qualityessays.com /essay/009507.html (2176 words)

	The Rockefeller University
		New research suggests that reducing fibrin can prevent this accumulation and reduce inflammation associated with the disease.
		The Hospital conducts clinical studies that not only inspire the direction of basic laboratory research, but also translate findings from the lab into the world of health care.
		Since the institution's founding in 1901, 23 Nobel Prize winners have been associated with the university.
	www.rockefeller.edu (318 words)

	Red Gold . Innovators & Pioneers . Alexis Carrel \| PBS
		A member of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research for thirty-three years, Carrel was the first scientist working in the United States to receive the Nobel Prize in medicine and physiology.
		His colleagues seemed indifferent to his research, and Carrel, in turn, was critical of the French medical establishment.
		Devoted entirely to medical research, rather than teaching or patient care, the Rockefeller Institute was the first institution of its kind in the United States.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/redgold/innovators/bio_carrel.html (1309 words)

	Hopkins Medical News: The Rockefeller Chronicle
		The Rockefeller Institute's first permanent building-Founders Hall-opened in 1906 on 13 acres of farmland on the East River between 64th and 68th streets.
		Flexner invited her to join the Institute, and in 1925, at the age of 54, she became a professor of pathology and bacteriology there.
		Bronk broadened the Rockefeller Institute into a university, and in 1954, it began awarding the Ph.D. In 1965 its name was changed to The Rockefeller University.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /hmn/F02/annals.html (1202 words)

	The Florence R. Sabin Papers: At the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, 1925-1938
		In late 1923, Simon Flexner, Director of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, and a longtime admirer of Sabin's work, suggested that she consider joining the institute's staff and head its new Department of Cellular Studies.
		Nor, prior to the Rockefeller Institute's founding, did the United States have any counterpart to the Pasteur Institute in France and the Koch Institute in Germany, which were established in the 1880s.
		Her correspondence reveals that her delight in these activities was equal to that in her research work, and her former students and research colleagues valued her social and cultural companionship fully as much as her scientific brilliance.
	profiles.nlm.nih.gov /RR/Views/Exhibit/narrative/rockefeller.html (978 words)

	John D. Rockefeller
		John Davison Rockefeller was born the second of six children to a working class family in Richford, New York, a small community between Ithaca and Binghamton.
		Rockefeller reduced his workload at Standard Oil in the 1890s to direct some of his energies toward philanthropy; after his retirement, he devoted his remaining 26 years to that endeavor.
		Rockefeller instituted the challenge grant approach to establish what was initially a Baptist institution of higher learning.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h957.html (870 words)

	The Rockefeller University Hospital - Mission and History
		The Rockefeller University, founded in 1901 as The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, was conceived by the Reverend Frederick Taylor Gates, a trusted advisor to John D. Rockefeller, Sr, who was influenced by reading Osler's Principles and Practice of Medicine.
		The institute that Gates envisioned and that its original Board of Scientific Directors created was a new research facility dedicated exclusively to the scientific study of medicine.
		The mission of basic medical science and the fundamental organization of the Institute at its inception have continued essentially unaltered, research programs have evolved markedly and there has been a steady addition of faculty, buildings and other physical resources for the support of the scientific activities of the institution.
	www.rucares.org /clinicalresearch/mission-history.php (562 words)

	Herbert Spencer Gasser, July 5, 1888—May 11, 1963 \| By Merrill W. Chase and Carlton C. Hunt \| Biographical Memoirs
		From cross sections of the nerve, the numbers of axons (nerve fibers) of various sizes were counted, the action potential of each size group was approximated by a triangular waveform of depolarization, the group of axons of a given size being assumed to have a constant conduction velocity that was proportional to their diameter.
		Clearly, the Rockefellers, concerned about the effect of the continued economic depression on the institute's endowment, needed a director who would be a wise steward of funds.
		The major aim of his research after retirement was to continue exploring the structure and function of unmyelinated axons in peripheral nerve.
	www.nap.edu /readingroom/books/biomems/hgasser.html (6994 words)

	Cancer News: Latest News & Updates in Cancer Research
		The Irvington Institute Board of Directors determined at its April 2007 meeting that merging with the Cancer Research Institute would be the best strategy for ensuring the preservation of the Irvington Institute's fellowship program and its more than 90-year legacy of advancing immunological research.
		Equipped with this knowledge and new technology, the Cancer Research Institute, in partnership with the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, formed in 2001 the Cancer Vaccine Collaborative (CVC), a unique, global partnership of academic cancer clinics and immunological monitoring laboratories dedicated to the development of cancer vaccines.
		The Institute's Pediatric Cancer Initiative aims to increase knowledge of the distinct immunology of children's cancers with the ultimate goal of developing non-toxic, immune-based therapies for cancers that are most prevalent in children.
	www.cancerresearch.org /news/news.html (4737 words)

	Finding Aid to the Oswald T. Avery Collection, 1909-1998
		Founded in 1910, the Hospital aimed to further medical research by enabling researchers to pursue laboratory and clinical investigations of the diseases treated in the hospital's wards.
		Avery moved to the Rockefeller Institute in 1913, where he focused most of his research for the next 35 years on a single species of pneumococcus, Diplococcus pneumoniae.
		These documents may assist other researchers in portraying the background of this epochal event in the history of biomedical science." These materials would be especially valuable to individuals interested in the place of Avery and his discovery in the history of biomedical science.
	wwwils.nlm.nih.gov /hmd/manuscripts/ead/avery.html (9850 words)

	Philanthropy Magazine @ The Philanthropy Roundtable (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Rockefeller Foundation grants also transformed medicine by raising the standards of medical education, helping to turn a cozy and somewhat slapdash American system of doctor training into the most envied professional training available in the world.
		Among the discoveries of the institute in its first 20 years were methods of freezing blood (which led to the first blood bank, aiding wounded British soldiers on the Western front during World War I), the discovery of the spirochete that causes syphilis, and the invention of powerful drugs to fight sleeping sickness.
		But the Rockefeller medical effort that most resembles the funding of the Gates Foundation is its public health program, begun in 1909 when a crusading doctor named Charles William Stiles persuaded Gates and other leading Rockefeller advisers to take on hookworm, a parasite long prevalent in the South and in other tropical and subtropical climates.
	www.philanthropyroundtable.org /magazines/2001/august (3167 words)

	Science Initiative Bard-Rockefellar
		At the same time, Rockefeller University benefits from this unique collaboration by the enrichment of the Rockefeller campus with undergraduates and liberal arts faculty who bring a different perspective to learning, teaching, and research.
		The collaboration between Bard College and The Rockefeller University is an amalgam of progressive liberal arts and premier biomedical research.
		Bard students participate in Rockefeller's Summer Undergraduate Research Fellows (SURF) program, under which college students work in Rockefeller research labs and are provided room and board on the Rockefeller campus, along with a summer stipend.
	www.bard.edu /scienceinitiative/rockefeller (512 words)

	Hospital description
		The Rockefeller University, founded in 1901 as The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, was conceived by the Reverend Frederick Taylor Gates, a trusted advisor to John D. Rockefeller, Sr.
		The institute that Gates envisioned and that its original Board of Scientific Directors created was a new research facility dedicated exclusively to the scientific study of medicine.
		However, during the past 90 years, research programs have evolved markedly and there has been a steady addition of faculty, buildings and other physical resources for the support of the scientific activities of the institution.
	clinfo.rockefeller.edu /hospdes.htm (579 words)

	Nomination database
		The Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research
		The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Biological division
		The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, div of Physiol.
	www.nobelprize.org /medicine/nomination/country.php?action=univ&country=US (160 words)

	NMAH \| Polio: Medical Philanthropy
		Three private organizations figured prominently in the history of poliomyelitis in the United States and worldwide: the Rockefeller Institute, the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (March of Dimes), and Rotary International.
		Karl Landsteiner, who identified polio as a virus in 1908, joined the institute’s faculty in 1922, and studied human blood groups (for which he won a Nobel Prize in 1930).
		The institute became “Rockefeller University” in 1965 and continues to be a leading research center for the molecular biology of human diseases.
	americanhistory.si.edu /polio/virusvaccine/medphil.htm (388 words)

	Sabin, Florence R. definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		At the Rockefeller Institute, Sabin led research on the pathology of tuberculosis.
		Her team was part of a consortium of researchers working with the Medical Research Committee of the National Tuberculosis Association.
		During her thirteen years at Rockefeller, Sabin made major contributions to the understanding of tuberculosis, in particular by close study of the immune system responses to various chemical fractions isolated from the tuberculosis bacteria.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=31543 (1097 words)

	The lymphocyte in immunology: from James B. Murphy to James L. Gowans - Nature Immunology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Between 1911 and 1926, James B. Murphy, an experimental pathologist working at the Rockefeller Institute, performed a series of remarkable experiments that appeared to prove beyond question that the lymphocyte is the active participant in the rejection of tissue allografts, in protection against infection and, by implication, in both innate and acquired immunological responses.
		Murphy finished medical school at Johns Hopkins in 1909 and, with the urging of Florence Sabin, accepted a position to do cancer research at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research under fellow Hopkins alumnus, pathologist Peyton Rous.
		The work on transplantable tumors at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund in London, Paul Ehrlich's Institute in Frankfurt and elsewhere had shown that the rejection of tumor grafts and of grafts of normal tissues was an immunological phenomenon.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/ni/journal/v2/n7/full/ni0701_569.html (3194 words)

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