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Topic: Rockefeller drug laws

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	Drug Policy Alliance: Rockefeller Drug Laws
		Enacted in 1973, New York's Rockefeller Drug Laws are among the harshest mandatory minimum sentencing schemes in the nation.
		Not surprisingly, the Rockefeller Drug Laws and Second Felony Offender laws have resulted in an enormous expansion of the prison population.
		In 1980, eleven percent of those incarcerated were drug felons; in 2003 now drug felons comprise 38 percent of the prison population. The increase is more staggering for women where 45 percent of the women currently in prison (2002) were sentenced for drug crimes.
	www.drugpolicy.org /statebystate/newyork/rockefellerd/index.cfm (741 words)

	Rockefeller drug laws - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Rockefeller drug laws is the colloquial term used to denote the statutes dealing with the sale and possession of "narcotic" drugs in the New York State Penal Law.
		The laws are named after Nelson Rockefeller, who was the state's governor at the time the laws were adopted.
		Rockefeller, a staunch supporter of the bill containing the laws, signed it on May 8, 1973.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rockefeller_drug_laws (351 words)

	Drug Policy Alliance: Rockefeller Drug Laws
		The overall effect of the Rockefeller Drug Laws has been that law enforcement agencies focus their efforts on those minor actors in the trade who are the most easily arrested, prosecuted, and penalized, rather than on the middle and high-level criminals who are drug dealing's true masterminds and profiteers.
		Of all of the drug offenders sent to New York state prisons in 1997, nearly 80% were never convicted of a violent felony and nearly half were never arrested for a violent felony.
		Studies sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse have shown that drug treatment programs, on the whole, are successful in reducing the levels of drug abuse and crime among participants and in increasing their ability to hold a job.
	www.drugpolicy.org /library/factsheets/rockefeller_fact2.cfm (649 words)

	NYCLU: Legislative Memo: Rockefeller Drug Laws (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Rockefeller drug laws, when they were enacted in 1973, were intended to combat drug abuse by providing such harsh sentences for drug offenses that users and dealers would be deterred from continued involvement in drugs.
		These laws have not only failed to serve their purpose but have resulted in grave injustices and damaging, unintended effects on our children and on minority communities; and all this at huge and wasted expense to the citizens of the state.
		HRW cites studies in which drug users report that their main drug sources are sellers of the same racial or ethnic background as they were, and General Barry McCaffrey has stated that youth tend to buy from sellers of the same race.
	www.nyclu.org /rockefeller.html (1843 words)

	AlterNet: Reforming Rockefeller Drug Laws
		But these days, the two are on the same mission: to convince New York to reform its so-called Rockefeller drug laws, named after the governor who presided over their passage in 1973, laws that have destroyed the family of one and weighed on the conscience of the other.
		Under the Rockefeller drug laws, passed at the height of public panic over drugs and street crime, anyone convicted of selling 2 ounces or possessing 4 ounces of cocaine or heroin, an A-1 felony, has to serve at least 15 years in prison before being eligible for parole.
		Federal mandatory minimums are separate from the Rockefeller laws, but Aviles has joined the crusade against New York's statutes out of a need to give some meaning to her eldest's death.
	www.alternet.org /story.html?StoryID=13774 (3820 words)

	Rockefeller Drug Laws Information Sheet
		The new drug laws, which have since become known as the "Rockefeller Drug Laws" established mandatory prison sentences for the unlawful possession and sale of controlled substances keyed to the weight of the drug involved.
		The Committee found that heroin use and heroin-related crime (the major drug concerns at the time) was as widespread in the middle of 1976 as prior to the enactment of the Rockefeller laws in 1973.
		The percentage of the prison population incarcerated for drug offenses has been increasing since 1973, the year the Rockefeller Drug Laws were enacted, with particularly sharp increases during the 1980's.
	www.prdi.org /rocklawfact.html (1269 words)

	Drugs and Human Rights in the United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		For thirty years, the Rockefeller drug laws have curtailed judicial discretion and mandated prison sentences for almost all drug offenses.
		The stark racial impact of drug law enforcement in New York also raises fundamental questions about the state’s commitment to equal protection of the laws and racial equality: ninety-four percent of the people sentenced under the drug laws are fl or Hispanic.
		Unfortunately, the Governor and the Senate have supported legislation that would retain many of the worst features of the Rockefeller laws, retaining a structure of mandatory sentences, leaving low level nonviolent offenders vulnerable to excessive sentences, and retaining the undue power of prosecutors over sentencing and diversion decisions.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/drugs (588 words)

	Drop the Rock, Repeal the Rockefeller Drug Laws
		Enacted in 1973 when Nelson Rockefeller was governor, the Rockefeller Drug Laws require harsh prison terms for the possession or sale of relatively small amounts of drugs.
		Because NYS law denies individuals in prison or on parole the right to vote, the drug laws have effectively disenfranchised thousands of poor African-American and Latino people and drained political power from poor NYC communities of color.
		Conversely, drug treatment, livable-wage employment, good education and adequate, affordable housing and healthcare are effective ways to rebuild families, reconstruct communities and address the problems caused by drug abuse and drug-related crime and violence.
	www.droptherock.org (564 words)

	Rockefeller Drug Laws - NYS Defenders Assoc - Public Defense Backup (for Public Defenders) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Proposed bill to enable Class B drug offenders to seek sentence reductions further ameliorating the severe impact of the Rockefeller Drug Laws.
		New York City courts are split on interpretation of new Rockefeller Drug Law reforms and their impact on pending cases.
		This is a study that examined the nature and characteristics of heavy drug users, focusing on adolescents and young adults.
	www.nysda.org /hot_topics/rockefeller_drug_laws/rockefeller_drug_laws.html (1390 words)

	Real Reform New York
		In 1973, Governor Nelson Rockefeller enacted a set of harsh mandatory sentencing laws for drug offences and second felony offedners.
		The idea behind the new laws was to deter criminals to to quarantine users, so the plague of drug addiction could be contained.
		Enacted in 1973, New York's Rockefeller Drug Laws are among the harshest mandatory minimum sentencing schemes in the nation.
	www.realreformny.org (546 words)

	Democracy Now! \| Stopping Violence Against Women: Eve Ensler and Kimberle Crenshaw on V-Day, Women in Prisons and ...
		Crenshaw is a professor of law at UCLA and Columbia Law School.
		She is Professor of Law at UCLA and Columbia Law School.
		So we found many women were severely abused, and some were even killed, because of the double effect of the sort of anti-immigration laws and policies that really put people in a position of vulnerability and because of the violence that they experience at home.
	www.democracynow.org /article.pl?sid=06/06/21/142227 (6850 words)

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