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Topic: Rocket engine

Related Topics

Tsiolkovsky rocket equation

Spacecraft propulsion

Specific impulse

Rocket

VASIMR

Ion thruster

Aerospike engine

Space shuttle main engine

Nuclear electric rocket

Aerospike

Expanding nozzle

Solid rocket

Saturn V

Plug nozzle

Thrust

	Howstuffworks "How Rocket Engines Work"
		Rocket engines are, on the one hand, so simple that you can build and fly your own model rockets very inexpensively (see the links on the last page of the article for details).
		A steam engine is used to do the same thing, as is a steam turbine and most gas turbines.
		The basic principle driving a rocket engine is the famous Newtonian principle that "to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction." A rocket engine is throwing mass in one direction and benefiting from the reaction that occurs in the other direction as a result.
	www.howstuffworks.com /rocket.htm (771 words)

	Model Rocket Engine
		Flying model rockets is a relatively safe and inexpensive way for students to learn the basics of forces and the response of vehicles to external forces.
		Liquid rockets tend to be heavier and more complex because of the pumps used to move the fuel and oxidizer, and you usually load the fuel and oxidizer into the rocket just before launch.
		The engines are produced by several manufacturers and are available in a variety of sizes with a range of engine performance.
	exploration.grc.nasa.gov /education/rocket/rktengine.html (730 words)

	SPACE.com -- SpaceShipOne Rocket Engine Gets an Upgrade
		Since its historic June 21 flight, in which SpaceShipOne carried the first civilian pilot to the edge of space and back, spacecraft and engine engineers have been working to boost the vehicle's performance.
		SpaceShipOne uses a hybrid rocket engine that uses both liquid and solid propellant to propel it into space.
		Benson said that during each SpaceShipOne engine burn, there is a point where its fuel oxidizer tank switches from using liquid nitrous oxide to a gaseous form, which produces a dramatic drop in thrust.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/xprize_sso_engine_040913.html (707 words)

	XCOR Aerospace Begins Test Firing of Methane Rocket Engine
		This regeneratively-cooled version of the rocket engine will also be built and tested in 2007 as part of the contract.
		ATK will use the workhorse engine as a basis for the design of the prototype version of the engine that will be closer to flight weight.
		The results will be used to determine the appropriate length of the rocket engine chamber for the flight-weight version.
	www.xcor.com /press-releases/2007/07-01-16_XCOR_begins_methane_engine_testing.html (315 words)

	Pratt & Whitney will acquire Aerojet-General's space-propulsion unitto form a new U.S. rocket-engine company
		For reasons that include international geopolitics, good engineering and lower costs, these imports may be helping to hasten the day when there is virtually no American rocket engine with a purely domestic pedigree.
		For decades it was the only American-made liquid-fuel rocket engine capable of sending satellites and cargo to escape Earth orbit to the planets or sending profitable commercial satellites to geostationary heights.
		Instead of a field of independent rocketeers, as was the case in the 1960s and 1970s, companies in the industry today are each part of a specific launch-vehicle program.
	www.space.com /businesstechnology/technology/aerojet_prattwhitney_000724.html (981 words)

	Rocket engine cryogenic valve
		This high pressure valve is designed for use with future high performance cryogenic rocket engines such as the Vinci rocket engine.
		These valves are used on the Ariane 5 core stage for propellant and pressurant control, as well as main valves for cryogenic rocket engines, such as the HM-7 rocket engine.
		The HM-7 engine was developed 30 years ago and has reliably served Ariane's 1 through 4 since 1979.
	cs.space.eads.net /sp/LauncherPropulsion/hp_cryogenic_valve.htm (476 words)

	Model Rocket Engines Thrust Animation
		At the point the fuel is at the radius of the inside diameter of the engine casing, the pressure, burn rate and thrust is at the highest level in the model rocket engine.
		As the burning radius of the fuel increases beyond the inside diameter of the model rocket engine casing, the burn area decreases into the sustaining phase at a lower thrust level until the fuel is exhausted.
		The model rocket engine ejection charge grains are similar to the fuel grain with the exception that there are many smaller loose grains that have a very larger surface area that burns very rapidly.
	www.scalerockets.com /model-rocket-engines.html (504 words)

	All About Rocket Engines
		Black powder model rocket engines are made of a paper tube with a clay nozzle, a solid pellet of fl powder propellant, a smoke/delay charge, and an ejection charge as shown in this figure.
		Composite model rocket engines are made from a high temperature plastic and the fuel is a pellet of a rubber like material similar to that used in the Space Shuttle booster engines.
		Rocket motors marked with a P instead of a number for the delay charge are "plugged" engines.
	www.lunar.org /docs/handbook/motors.shtml (2003 words)

	Space Future - Throttling Dynamic Response of LH2 Rocket Engine for Vertical Landing Rocket Vehicle
		The rocket engine used for the study is a small liquid hydrogen fueled engine with 1000 kg maximum thrust, which was originally designed and developed for a cryogenic upper stage3.
		Although this engine is not exactly identical to that assumed in the reusable rocket in the previous section, it is a good test-bed for the present study.
		Engine start was done by main propellant tank-head, and the tank pressure was kept around 0.5 MPa for the liquid hydrogen tank and 0.4 MPa for the liquid oxygen tank in order to avoid influences caused by turbopump suction-performance problems during throttling tests.
	www.spacefuture.com /archive/throttling_dynamic_response_of_lh2_rocket_engine_for_vertical_landing_rocket_vehicle.shtml (3967 words)

	NASA Quest > Space Team Online (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Rockets that do not have the hollow core must be ignited at the lower end of the propellants and burning proceeds gradually from one end of the rocket to the other.
		The small engine inside the hollow core blasts a stream of flames and hot gas down from the top of the core and ignites the entire surface area of the propellants in a fraction of a second.
		This is a much more complicated engine, as is evidenced by the fact that solid rocket engines were used for at least seven hundred years before the first successful liquid engine was tested.
	quest.arc.nasa.gov /space/teachers/rockets/rocketry.html (3796 words)

	PROPULSION SYSTEMS
		Rocket engines are distinguished b the type of mechanism used to produce exhaust material.
		In other types of rockets no chemical change takes place within the engines but the working fluid may be converted to a hot gas for ejection by the addition of heat from a nuclear reactor or some other energy source.
		Engines of this kind have comparatively low specific impulse, but have the advantage of simplicity, require only one tank in the vehicle and can be readily turned on and off.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/conghand/propulsn.htm (3314 words)

	Chapter 5: Thermodynamics (Site not responding. Last check: )
		But if you are making more than one engine from one chain, you can simply solder one of the beads to the lid, taking care that the hole in the bead where it connects to the rest of the chain is straight up.
		The rocket launcher is a straight pin stuck through a piece of cardboard (such as an empty matchbook) or a wad of aluminum foil.
		The rocket is removed from the paper clip, and slipped over the pin, so the pin is now where the paper clip used to be.
	www.scitoys.com /scitoys/scitoys/thermo/thermo.html (4372 words)

	World Wide Words: Engine and Motor
		Engine is from the Latin ingenium, which referred to one’s ability to create things, one’s native genius; it comes from a root meaning ‘create; beget’ from which we get words like genetic, and is also the source of ingenious and ingenuity (engineer derives from a related word).
		Engine was commonly applied also to weapons of war, such as the siege engine and to devices such as snares for catching game (hence gin trap, where gin is a short form of engine that also turned up in compounds such as horse gin for a horse-powered windlass).
		The steam engine was such an important machine, being one of the crucial developments of the Industrial Revolution, in particular making possible deep mines, that engine soon came to apply almost exclusively to it (being replaced in most other cases by machine, a word that earlier had meant almost the same as engine).
	www.worldwidewords.org /articles/engine.htm (1275 words)

	Clavius: Vehicles - rocket engines
		This is because the noise from a rocket engine is not really coming from the engine, but from the effect of the exhaust on the surrounding atmosphere.
		The SPS engine and the DPS engine are used when the command and lunar modules are separated, but because of the orbital mechanics necessary to accomplish the landing and rendezvous, the spacecraft are many miles apart when these maneuvers occur.
		The engine shown is virtually identical in size and operation to the engine used as the descent stage motor on the Apollo lunar module.
	www.clavius.org /techengine.html (1842 words)

	NASA - Rocket
		Rockets 50 to 100 feet (15 to 30 meters) long serve as long-range missiles that can be used to bomb distant targets during wartime.
		Rockets are especially valuable for (1) military use, (2) atmospheric research, (3) launching probes and satellites, and (4) space travel.
		Engineers began designing and testing smaller rocket engines for use in smaller vehicles, such as tiny satellites that may weigh only a few pounds or kilograms when fully loaded.
	www.nasa.gov /worldbook/rocket_worldbook.html (5182 words)

	Aerospaceweb.org \| Ask Us - Jets and Rockets
		The purpose of both the jet engine and the rocket engine is to combust a mixture of fuel and oxidizer.
		The ducted rocket works in the same way as the hybrid rocket except that the oxygen is taken from the external atmosphere, like a jet, instead of carried aboard the vehicle.
		To summarize, the primary difference between a jet and a rocket is that a rocket carries its own supply of oxygen internally while a jet must obtain oxygen from the external atmosphere.
	www.aerospaceweb.org /question/propulsion/q0161.shtml (1010 words)

	Rocket Propulsion
		A general derivation of the thrust equation shows that the amount of thrust generated depends on the mass flow through the engine and the exit velocity of the gas.
		In a rocket engine, fuel and a source of oxygen, called an oxidizer, are mixed and exploded in a combustion chamber.
		In a liquid rocket, the propellants, the fuel and the oxidizer, are stored separately as liquids and are pumped into the combustion chamber of the nozzle where burning occurs.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/rocket.html (570 words)

	Rocket Principles
		As the engines are ignited, the thrust from the rocket unbalances the forces, and the rocket travels upward.
		To enable a rocket to lift off from the launch pad, the action, or thrust, from the engine must be greater than the mass of the rocket.
		The reaction, or motion, of the rocket is equal to and in the opposite direction of the action, or thrust, from the engine (third law).
	web.mit.edu /16.00/www/aec/rocket.html (1878 words)

	Rocket Engines
		Rocket engines are the most extreme examples of power sources for things that fly.
		When the Society of Automotive Engineers sought the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th Century, Karl Ludvigsen nominated the "invention and perfection of the liquid-fueled rocket as a means of navigation and transportation outside the earth's atmosphere." An excerpt from his submission appears below.
		Each engine weighed nine tons (45 tons for all 5), total flow of LOX for five engines is 125,190 gal/min and total flow of fuel (RP-1) is 78,160 gal/min.
	www.enginehistory.org /rocket_engines.htm (1696 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Rocket Engines Work"
		Rocket engines are, on the one hand, so simple that you can build and fly your own model rockets very inexpensively (see the links on the last page of the article for details).
		On the other hand, rocket engines (and their fuel systems) are so complicated that only three countries have actually ever put people in orbit.
		The basic principle driving a rocket engine is the famous Newtonian principle that "to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction." A rocket engine is throwing mass in one direction and benefiting from the reaction that occurs in the other direction as a result.
	science.howstuffworks.com /rocket.htm (738 words)

	CNN.com - SpaceShipOne rocket engine gets boost - Sep 13, 2004
		SpaceShipOne's engine has been modified to carry more propellant and burn longer than in previous flights, Benson said, adding that the engine has been enhanced to perform 20 percent beyond original requirements.
		SpaceShipOne uses a hybrid rocket engine that uses both liquid and solid propellant to propel it into space.
		Benson said that during each SpaceShipOne engine burn, there is a point where its fuel oxidizer tank switches from using liquid nitrous oxide to a gaseous form, which produces a dramatic drop in thrust.
	edition.cnn.com /2004/TECH/space/09/13/ss1.rocket/index.html (564 words)

	Rocket Engine Matrix
		For each rocket there is a selection of engines that work good and there are some engines that shouldn't be used.
		Along the left side I list all possible engines made along with their max take off weight and if they are SU or RMS.
		Lastly it list engine casing sizes in case I forget that an I211 is a 38/480 and an I357 is a 38/360 for example.
	www.joecool.org /toppage1.htm (284 words)

	Flometrics - Rocket Pump
		In fact the space shuttle main engine turbopump has never been tested to it limits beacuse it must be tested while bolted to the engine.
		According to a study done by Boeing, the Space Shuttle has a.1% chance of blowing up due to an engine failure and the turbopumps are the least reliable part of the engine.
		This pump has the advantage over pressure fed designs in that the weight of the complete rocket is much less, and the rocket is much safer because the large tanks of rocket fuel do not need to be at high pressure.
	www.flometrics.com /rockets/rocket_pump/rocketpump.htm (1595 words)

	Solid Rocket Engine
		Solid rocket engines are used on air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, on model rockets, and as boosters for satellite launchers.
		Turbine engines and propellers rely on the atmosphere to provide the oxygen for combustion and as the working fluid in the generation of thrust.
		There is also an efficiency parameter called the specific impulse which works for both types of rockets and greatly simplifies the performance analysis for rocket engines.
	www.lerc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/srockth.html (471 words)

	Matt's page Vashon Valkyrie coldpower rocket engine test-stand
		The rocket engine is tied to a plastic block that slides on a metal rod.
		The variation in the thrust of the liquid V-1 tests is probably due to sloshing of the propellant in the engine tank.
		The total impulse (Newtonsseconds) of the engine* is given by the area under the test curve.
	home.att.net /~cruller1/Matthew.html (832 words)

	clements.on.ca - C6-5 Rocket Engine Tested (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Estes C6-5 solid fuel rocket engine was used for the first time today in the "Tidal Wave" rocket.
		The results were spectacular, as the rocket climbed to new heights and was barely visible in the sky.
		As the rocket fell from its apogee, and the parachute deployed, the descending rocket quickly used up all the safety zone in the launch field.
	www.clements.on.ca /content/view/38/127 (240 words)

	My Electric Rocket Engine
		What's different about MPD thrusters from normal rocket engines is that instead of producing thrust by burning chemicals, MPD thrusters create thrust by using electric currents and magnetic fields.
		That's all an MPD thruster is: an engine that passes current through two conductors and a gas to create thrust.
		Electric rocket engines are designed to work in space under vacuum conditions.
	www.waynesthisandthat.com /mpd.htm (1458 words)

	NASA - Building a Better Rocket Engine
		Engineers have found a way to boost the performance of liquid fueled rockets.
		Liquid-fueled rockets have been around for a long time: The first liquid-powered launch was performed in 1926 by Robert H. Goddard.
		Rocket Fuel -- this article explores the differences between solid- and liquid-fueled rocket engines.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2005/14oct_betterrocket.htm (917 words)

	Plasma rocket engine
		The plasma would be guided through a rocket chamber formed by a magnetic field and further heated by rf waves at ion cyclotron frequencies.
		The plasma rocket would use propellant in relatively small amounts compared with a conventional chemical rocket for the same mission.
		The VASIMR engine is being developed in a partnership with NASA’s Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory as well as private industry and a number of U.S. universities.
	www.ornl.gov /ridgelines/rocket.htm (656 words)

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