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	[No title]
		Baldwin was also still obsessed with control—control he had exercised over the ACLU and its activities from its founding in 1920 until his retirement as executive director in 1950, control over his children, and even over what would be said at the memorial service that would be held after his death.
		Liberated as Roger Baldwin was from the conservatism of his patrician heritage, to the point of having a free love marriage with his first wife and swimming nude on Martha’s Vineyard beaches, he was still infected with some of the subtle prejudices of the class and era in which he grew up.
		Baldwin’s life, from the age of 33 until his death at the age of 97, was so intimately involved with the ACLU and its predecessor organizations that Cottrell’s biography, as its title indicates, is a story of the ACLU as well.
	www.natcom.org /roc/one-two/Vol2Num2/HaimanCottrell.htm (996 words)

	The My Hero Project - Roger Nash Baldwin
		Baldwin, Roger Nash (21 Jan. 1884-26 Aug. 1981), civil libertarian and social activist, was born in Wellesley, Mass., the son of Frank Fenno Baldwin, a leather manufacturer who owned several companies, and Lucy Cushing Nash.
		Baldwin's stance earned praise from many liberal organizations, and Emma Goldman said he "has proved himself the most consistent of us all." The socialist leader Norman Thomas said that the hearing "was one of the rare experiences of a lifetime." Baldwin's time in jail was relatively pleasant, and he turned it to his advantage.
		Baldwin was not a religious man. Nevertheless, he viewed the Sermon on the Mount as an extraordinary declaration of humanity.
	myhero.com /myhero/hero.asp?hero=rogerbaldwin (1770 words)

	The Extra Mile - Points of Light Volunteer Pathway
		Roger Nash Baldwin was born on January 1, 1884, to a prominent Massachusetts family whose roots could be traced back to the Mayflower Pilgrims.
		Baldwin was involved specifically in a branch of the AUAM known as the National Civil Liberties Bureau (NCLB), which was dedicated to defending conscientious objectors.
		The enduring mission of the ACLU is a reflection of Roger Baldwin's mission in life: to assure that the Bill of Rights, which guards against unwarranted governmental control of citizens, is preserved for each new generation.
	www.extramile.us /honorees/baldwin.cfm (1439 words)

	Roger Nash Baldwin and the American Civil Liberties Union; ; Robert Cottrell
		Cottrell portrays Baldwin’s complexities and contradictions—the most important civil libertarian in American history was an authoritarian at home and at work, a patrician elitist as well as a political radical, and an unconventional moralist.
		Roger Nash Baldwin's thirty-year tenure as director of the ACLU marked the period when the modern understanding of the Bill of Rights came into being.
		Spearheaded by Baldwin, volunteer attorneys of the caliber of Clarence Darrow, Arthur Garfield Hays, Osmond Frankel, and Edward Ennis transformed the constitutional landscape.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/cup/catalog/data/023111/0231119720.HTM (638 words)

	[No title]
		Roger Nash Baldwin, founder of the American Civil Liberties Union, leftist, anarchist, and Communist, was born in Wellesley, Massachusetts to comfortably situated parents, in 1884.
		Baldwin was imprisoned in 1918 for publicly supporting conscientious objectors to the war and anticipatorily refusing to be drafted; eventually, he made common cause with members of the Jewish anarchist group Frayhayt, which campaigned to block the U.S. invasion of Russia.
		Indeed, Baldwin's elitism may have played a role in the ACLU's decision to support Scopes at the famous "monkey trial." The Darwinism of the 1920's had a strong eugenic strand running through it, and Baldwin himself was a close friend of noted birth control advocate and eugenicist Margaret Sanger.
	www.discoverthenetwork.org /individualProfile.asp?indid=1579 (1145 words)

	ROGER BALDWIN: Founder, American Civil Liberties Union
		Roger Baldwin, when reflecting on his life, said that in his early years he not only regularly attended the Unitarian Church in Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts; he also helped to teach in the Sunday School and even listened to the preacher.
		Baldwin, who had previously participated in an unconventional marriage, entered a new, lasting relationship with Evelyn Preston, a well-educated younger woman whose family was close to the Roosevelts.
		Baldwin also maintained an office in the secretariat building of the United Nations and continued as a consultant for the International League for the Rights of Man. Castigated by a segregationist congressman for supporting civil rights for fl Americans, Baldwin was the recipient of accolades by others.
	www.harvardsquarelibrary.org /unitarians/baldwin_r.html (1487 words)

	Roger Nash Baldwin Papers\| Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library
		Roger Nash Baldwin was born in Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts, on January 21, 1884 into a prominent Boston family.
		Baldwin was also extremely active in the study and protection of civil liberties in Puerto Rico, setting up a commission to deal with the issue in the 1960s.
		Baldwin remained active right until the end of his long life; in a series of memoranda on old age, he attributed his longevity to his constant activity.
	libweb.princeton.edu /libraries/firestone/rbsc/finding_aids/baldwin.html (3675 words)

	Roger Baldwin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Several notable persons have been named Roger Baldwin:
		Roger Sherman Baldwin, (1793-1863), US lawyer and politician
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roger_Baldwin (97 words)

	TheRealityCheck.Org Guest Writer
		Roger Nash Baldwin was noted as a civil libertarian, pacifist, and a social activist who held deep communist values.
		Baldwin was a sympathizer and strong supporter of communism throughout the world, most notably for the former Soviet Union.
		Baldwin once was quoted as saying; "I am for socialism, disarmament, and ultimately for abolishing the state itself as an instrument of violence and compulsion.
	www.therealitycheck.org /GuestColumnist/jadkins010706.htm (538 words)

	H-Net Review: Thomas Hilbink on Roger Nash Baldwin and the American Civil Liberties Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		As a result, by exposing by what he sees as Baldwin's supposed contradictions - the "warts and all" portrayal lauded by the book's blurbers - Cotterell misses what may be a more interesting reading of Baldwin's life: the shifts in society, law, and politics over the course of the twentieth century.
		Roger Baldwin's life and views took on many shapes, reflecting the changing shapes of American politics over the sixty years during which he was politically active.
		Baldwin's trajectory follows the same path traced by many members of the "old" left whose politics were shifted seismically by the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=228681020271780 (2449 words)

	Where's Your Brain?: The ACLU - Beginning The Demise of America
		Baldwin was the driving force with the other two (there were actually a few more) just co-founders.
		Roger Nash Baldwin (January 21, 1884-August 26, 1981) was a noted civil libertarian, pacifist, and left-wing social activist.
		After WWII when Baldwin was about 61 years old General MacArthur invited him to help set up the JCLU in Japan (I guess it was the General's way of sticking it to the Japanese even after their surrender).
	wheresyourbrain.blogspot.com /2005/08/aclu-beginning-demise-of-america.html (457 words)

	The ACLU
		ACLU founder Roger Nash Baldwin left behind an institution that is fundamentally un-American and subversive to the principles upon which America was founded.
		While lauded as a champion of human and civil rights both domestically and internationally, Dr. Baldwin left behind as his legacy an institution that is fundamentally un-American and subversive to the principles upon which America was founded.
		Baldwin, who visited the Soviet Union in 1927, was greatly intrigued by Communism.
	www.intellectualconservative.com /article3775.html (818 words)

	America's Communist Lawyers' Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Roger Baldwin was a student of communist Emma Goldman who tutored him in subversive ideology of Lenin, together with secular humanism.
		Roger refused to tone down his liberal talk and the AUAM sought a split, which resulted in the bureau renaming again; The National Civil Liberties Bureau.
		One paper Baldwin wrote for the Bureau was called “unmailable” by the Post Office because of “radical and subversive views” which resulted in a FBI raid on their offices.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1293149/posts (1935 words)

	Roger Nash Baldwin -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Three times British prime minister between 1923 and 1937, Stanley Baldwin headed the government during the general strike of 1926, the Ethiopian crisis of 1935, and the abdication crisis of 1936.
		An American novelist, essayist, and playwright, James Baldwin wrote with eloquence and passion on the subject of race in America.
		Nash was a good-natured satirist who made fun of human pretensions and foibles.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9011951 (686 words)

	The Volokh Conspiracy - Roger Baldwin (the ACLU's Founding Director): (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Baldwin's own contemporaneous words are pretty good evidence of his motives for organizing and leading the ACLU at that time.
		Volokh reiterate his point that Baldwin "recanted in 1939 (though, as I said, that was mighty late), and turned into a severe critic of the Soviet regime." Anyone who questions Baldwin's "recantation" and criticism of the Soviet regime should read his book: A New Slavery: The Communist Betrayal of Human rights.
		Baldwin's rosy descriptions of the Soviet Union show he was unaware of most of Stalin's crimes, certainly his worst atrocities which were not widely known for quite some time after they occurred.
	volokh.com /posts/1126138099.shtml (4500 words)

	Robert Baldwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In 1836, as a recognized leader of reform in Upper Canada, Robert Baldwin was appointed by Sir Francis Bond Head to the executive council, but he resigned in a few weeks when it became apparent that the governor had no intention of acceding to the demands of the reformers.
		In England, in 1836, Baldwin sent to the colonial secretary a memorandum that was the first clear enunciation of the tenet of responsible government for Canada.
		As a member of the assembly, Baldwin led the opposition group and increased his influence, particularly by effecting an alliance with the French in Lower Canada, whom Sydenham had ignored in forming his council.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0805879.html (358 words)

	Public Ed Brainwashing - Thomas Hart
		Baldwin was raised as a Unitarian and was a firm believer in their socialist credo "to affirm and promote the inherent dignity and worth of every person." While that Unitarian philosophy was as close to religion as Dewey ever came even later in life, both are listed as "Notable American Unitarians."
		It is noteworthy that both Dewey and Baldwin assisted Clara Goldwater in forming the Teachers Union Auxiliary in 1920.
		With these transformations, Dewey and Baldwin's goals of destroying America's democratic republic from within will be completed unless we who understand this pattern sound a very loud and urgent wake-up call for the United States of America.
	theroadtoemmaus.org /RdLb/21PbAr/Ed/Brainwsh.htm (792 words)

	Roger Nash Baldwin, the National Civil Liberties Bureau and Military Intelligence during World War I - Questia Online ...
		Roger Nash Baldwin, the National Civil Liberties Bureau, and military intelligence during World War I. by Robert C. Cottrell
		As a consequence of his involvement with both united front and popular front groups, Baldwin became something of an icon to many and an enormously controversial figure to others.
		Baldwin's rejection by members of Wilson's cabinet, coupled with systematic and intense investigation by Military Intelligence, eventually eroded Baldwin's early Progressive optimism and led to an increasingly radical perspective that culminated in the founding of the American Civil Liberties Union.
	www.questia.com /PM.qst?action=openPageViewer&docId=5000533641 (579 words)

	WEBCommentary(tm) - ACLU: The Beginnings of Tyranny [Part 1] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Baldwin’s eventual belief system would lead him to tout that the “progressive” left should unite to bring down the ‘dreaded right’.
		Baldwin believed that only an elite class of people should be members of his newly formed group, as he worked toward reshaping the US Constitution; specifically the First Amendment.
		Although Baldwin appeared to believe that he and the ACLU were working to assist the ‘downtrodden’ in societies, today his organization has become the perpetrator of the subjugation; working toward silencing and oppressing all who disagree with the tenets of its far left mission.
	www.webcommentary.com /asp/ShowArticle.asp?id=zieves&date=041226 (731 words)

	The Wide Awakes » ACLU:Growing Up Commie
		While Roger Baldwin, the founder of the ACLU, had strong Communist ties and even declared it as his ultimate goal, he was never actually a member of the Communist party.
		However, Roger grew up in a family of radicals and socialists, and at the ripe age of fifty he said, “I am for socialism, disarmament, and ultimately for abolishing the State itself as an instrument for violence and compulsion.
		Roger Nash Baldwin “I seek the social ownership of property, the abolition of the propertied class and sole control by…
	thewideawakes.org /archives/2005/04/14/aclugrowing-up-commie (1014 words)

	ROGER BALDWIN, FOUNDER OF THE ACLU - Green Earth Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		ROGER NASH BALDWIN founded the ACLU He was raised in the Boston suburb of Wellesley Hills, Baldwin’s ancestral roots were rich and comfortable.
		Baldwin became less happy with the Popular Front approach and concerned about the very existence of the ACLU after the announcement of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Past in August 1939.
		Accolades poured Baldwin’s way in late 1949 when he announcved his intention to resign as director of the ACLU, an organization that appeared to be adapting to the landscape of Cold War America.
	www.greenjournal.com /showarticle.asp?404;http://www.greenjournal.com/article998.asp (1070 words)

	The Volokh Conspiracy - The ACLU, Communists, and Private Organizations: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		On top of that, Baldwin was on the record as having said that his commitment to civil liberties for supposed reactionaries was sheerly instrumental, just a tool for advancing the cause of communism.
		As for the ACLU specifically -- Baldwin wrote as late as 1935 that "Communism is the goal." The expulsion of the more openly extreme (on a scale that only included the extreme) Communists from the ACLU's ranks was a function of political pragmatism -- not a rejection of Stalinism.
		In 1920 when Baldwin founded the ACLU he was a socialist at a time when Eugene Debs was running for President, the Russian Czar had been overthrown just a few years before and the rise of Stalinism was years away.
	volokh.com /posts/1126047007.shtml (10905 words)

	The American Civil Liberties Union: Uncomfortable Truths About The Origins
		Born to wealth, at the time of the founding, he was deeply involved in the communist movement.
		During the 1940s, Baldwin would participate in the purging of communists from ACLU, against a lot of opposition, and, in the 1950s, endorsed the work of Sen. Joseph McCarthy.
		By the 1940s, so many ACLU members were communists and members of other radical and communist organizations that Roger Baldwin grew alarmed at the attention that American security agencies were focusing on it.
	www.prisonplanet.com /articles/september2004/160904uncomfortabletruths.htm (1192 words)

	National Constitution Center - Centuries of Citizenship - Roger Baldwin founds the National Civil Liberties Bureau, ...
		As founder of the American Civil Liberties Union, Roger Nash Baldwin shaped the modern understanding of individual rights and freedom of speech.
		In 1917, Baldwin and other social activists established the National Civil Liberties Bureau, forerunner of the ACLU, to support the Bill of Rights.
		Led by Baldwin, ACLU lawyers, beginning in the 1920s, used First Amendment cases to reshape constitutional law.
	www.constitutioncenter.org /timeline/html/cw08_12161.html (192 words)

	Master List of Finding Aids in Manuscript and like Collections in the Princeton University Library
		Included are correspondence of Roger N. Baldwin, Osmond K. Fraenkel, and many others, court briefs, legal files, reports, documents, printed matter, and other source material pertaining to the activities and cases in which the ACLU has been involved, such as the John Thomas Scopes trial and the Sacco-Vanzetti case.
		A large part of the collection deals with the Baldwin family's experiences in World War I, particularly in the sinking of the Sussex in the English Channel in which a daughter was injured; the family settled in France in 1915.
		As the ACLU's executive director, Baldwin was intimately associated with two of the biggest cases with which the ACLU was involved in these years, the Scopes trial and the Sacco-Vanzetti case.
	libweb2.princeton.edu /rbsc2/aids/msslist/colls1.htm (14141 words)

	nash - OneLook Dictionary Search
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	www.onelook.com /?w=nash&ls=a (153 words)

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