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Topic: Roger Penrose

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	Roger Penrose
		Penrose is highly regarded for his work in mathematical physics, in particular his contributions to cosmology.
		Roger Penrose is well-known for his 1974 invention of Penrose tilings, which are formed from two tiles that can only tile the plane aperiodically.
		Penrose has also constructed a theory of human consciousness in which human consciousness is the result of quantum gravity effects in microtubules.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ro/Roger_Penrose.html (411 words)

	World of Escher - Roger Penrose
		Roger Penrose, a professor of mathematics at the University of Oxford in England, pursues an active interest in recreational math which he shared with his father.
		Penrose was raised in a family with strong mathematical interests: his mother was a doctor, his father, a medical geneticist, used math in his work as well as his recreation, one brother is a mathematician, another was ten times British chess champion.
		Roger and his father are the creators of the famous Penrose staircase and the impossible triangle known as the tribar.
	www.worldofescher.com /misc/penrose.html (644 words)

	Roger Penrose - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sir Roger Penrose, OM, FRS (born 8 August 1931) is an English mathematical physicist and Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford and Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College.
		Roger Penrose is the son of scientist Lionel S. Penrose and Margaret Leathes, and the brother of mathematician Oliver Penrose and chess grandmaster Jonathan Penrose.
		Penrose and Stuart Hameroff have constructed a theory in which human consciousness is the result of quantum gravity effects in microtubules.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roger_Penrose (1427 words)

	Penrose biography
		Roger attended school in London, Ontario but although it was during this period that he first became interested in mathematics it was not his schooling which stimulated this interest, rather it was his family.
		Roger, however, was set on research in mathematics and on entering St John's College he began research in algebraic geometry supervised by Hodge.
		Penrose was awarded his Ph.D. for his work in algebra and geometry from the University of Cambridge in 1957 but by this time he had already become interested in physics.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Biographies/Penrose.html (2278 words)

	Amazon.com: The Emperor's New Mind: Books: Roger Penrose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Penrose would protest there are none; Dennett, Dawkins, Hofstadter and their colleagues and adherents (including me) would beg to differ, and point to a lot of literature that Penrose hasn't read.
		Roger Penrose sets out to refute the claims of those researchers in artificial intelligence and cognitive neuroscience who claim that the mind is a product of algorithmic processes.
		Penrose uses ideas from the theory of computation, and Godel's incompleteness theorem to attempt to show that algorithmic processes cannot be used to explain the diversity of human consciousness.
	www.amazon.com /Emperors-New-Mind-Roger-Penrose/dp/0140145346 (3293 words)

	Books by Roger Penrose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		ROGER PENROSE is Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford.
		Roger Penrose is a mathematician and vividly interested in the origin of consciousness.
		Penrose is at the same stage as Schroedinger was in 1944 (and Penrose often refers to Schroedinger's most famous Gedankenexperiment, Schroedinger's cat).
	www.whatislife.com /reviews/penrose.htm (526 words)

	Roger Penrose Biography \| World of Physics
		Roger Penrose explored a range of topics in mathematical theory and physics, including relativity theory, quantum mechanics, astrophysics, cosmology, possible and impossible geometric shapes, and how the human brain works.
		Penrose's efforts were aided by his invention of the "twistor," a mathematical tool for describing physical objects and space, incorporating energy, momentum, and spin--the three properties possessed by all objects moving through space-time.
		Penrose suspects that a greater understanding of the functioning of the human brain may depend on a fundamentally new understanding of physics, to be sought in a radical new theory of quantum gravity.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/roger-penrose-wop (1757 words)

	Roger Penrose: A Knight on the tiles
		Penrose is unusual in believing that quantum mechanics will have to change in order to fit into such a unified theory.
		Penrose's ideas on consciousness are, to say the least, controversial in the AI community.
		Penrose shows himself an unabashed realist, by proclaiming that acting conscious is not the same as being conscious.
	plus.maths.org /issue18/features/penrose (2258 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Large, the Small and the Human Mind: Books: Roger Penrose,Abner Shimony,Nancy Cartwright,Stephen ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Penrose pushes the available analytical tools to the limit, and the result is far from light reading, but those willing to think hard about fundamental questions of mind and matter will find this discussion provocative and rewarding.
		Roger Penrose's original and provocative ideas about the large-scale physics of the Universe, the small-scale world of quantum physics and the physics of the mind have been the subject of controversy and discussion.
		Given his contributions to mathematics (e.g., Penrose tiling, computability, mathematical logic) and his stature within the mathematics community, and given that the history of mathematics is essentially written by mathematicians, Roger Penrose may come to be considered the greatest mathematician of his generation.
	www.amazon.ca /Large-Small-Human-Mind/dp/0521785723 (2720 words)

	NZMS Newsletter 57 Centrefold - Roger Penrose
		Hawking's joint contribution with Penrose five years later removed some of the assumptions Penrose had made in his proof, and also showed that the original result could be turned on its head—any large expanding object, such as our universe, must have necessarily begun from a singularity—the "big bang".
		Penrose speculates that the true nature of human (and animal) consciousness may depend on linking the fine structure of the brain to recent and future discoveries at the fringes of modern physics, in particular quantum theory—the branch of physics which deals subatomic particles and interactions.
		Penrose is currently writing a second book, tentatively titled "Shadows of the mind" which continues his analysis of the links between modern physics and the mind.
	ifs.massey.ac.nz /mathnews/centrefolds/57/Apr1993.shtml (569 words)

	Roger Penrose
		Previously, Penrose authored TheEmperorsNewMind and ShadowsOfTheMind, which seek not only to clobber the assumptions of "Strong AI" but more importantly to argue, starting from KurtGoedel's famous theorem, that we will be able to understand the workings of the human mind only when we have the right equations for quantum gravity.
		Penrose's achievements in mathematics and physics - and I have touched on only a small fraction - spring from a lifelong sense of wonder towards the mystery and beauty of being.
		Penrose was on "Desert Island Disks" in the summer of 2000 on BBC Radio 4, interviewed by the lovely and perceptive Sue Lawley.
	c2.com /cgi/wiki?RogerPenrose (797 words)

	REVIEW OF THE EMPEROR'S NEW MIND by Roger Penrose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Penrose doesn't believe that computers constructed according to presently known physical principles can be intelligent and conjectures that modifying quantum mechanics may be needed to explain intelligence.
		As Penrose uses the term, it is the thesis that intelligence is a matter of having the right algorithm.
		Penrose says that when matter enters a fl hole, information is lost, and this violates Liouville's theorem about conservation of density in phase in Hamiltonian systems.
	www-formal.stanford.edu /jmc/reviews/penrose1/penrose1.html (3571 words)

	Mishka --- Reading Roger Penrose
		We refute the arguments made by Roger Penrose that computability considerations suggest the impossibility of consciousness based on the current digital architecture of computers and that better theories of quantum collapse and quantum gravity are needed to understand the consciousness.
		Penrose correctly assumes that we do not have a good understanding of quantum collapse, and that the progress in this understanding is closely linked to the progress in the theory of quantum gravity and unified quantum field theory which would include gravity.
		Penrose basically attributes the "non-computational effect" to the quantum world, and any real computer is immersed in such a world, and can take full advantage of the quantum effects taking place in that world including the world's feedback to the signals from the computer.
	www.cs.brandeis.edu /~bukatin/reading_penrose.html (1351 words)

	The Emperor's New Mind, by Roger Penrose
		The range of issues addressed by Penrose is vast, from Relativity and quantum mechanics, to many questions about mathematics, and ultimately to important questions about Artificial Intelligence; and Penrose's authority as one of the greatest living mathematicians to address these things is unique.
		This did not mean that Penrose could actually visualize a proper Lobachevskian space or a four-dimensional Euclidean space, just that he expected that this would be possible as we get used to these things in the future.
		Escher's "depiction" of Lobachevskian space in Penrose's book, or any such depiction of a non-Euclidean space, seems to involve the use of curved Euclidean lines to represent "straight" non-Euclidean lines (as in the triangle on page 156) or results in uniform or congruent non-Euclidean figures becoming distorted in shape or in size.
	www.friesian.com /penrose.htm (2215 words)

	Space and Time
		In 1994 Stephen W. Hawking and Roger Penrose gave a series of public lectures on general relativity at the lsaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cambridge.
		Penrose thinks that even though the fundamental forces of particle physics are symmetric in time-unchanged if time is reversed-quantum gravity will violate time symmetry.
		Roger sees this as a virtue, but I feel one should hang on to symmetries unless there are compelling reasons to give them up.
	www.fortunecity.com /emachines/e11/86/space.html (4186 words)

	The Geometry Junkyard: Penrose Tiling
		Penrose was not the first to discover aperiodic tilings, but his is probably the most well-known.
		The penrose tile and the golden mean: towards hyperdimensional intergeometry.
		Penrose tiles and how their visualization leads to strange looks from priests and small children.
	www.ics.uci.edu /~eppstein/junkyard/penrose.html (798 words)

	Rogers Penrose and Quantum Consciousness
		Roger Penrose is slight in figure and gentle in mien, and he is an Roddly diffident chauffeur for a man who has just proposed how the entire universe-including the enigma of human consciousness-might work.
		Penrose proposes that the physiological process underlying a given thought may initially involve a number of superposed quantum states, each of which performs a calculation of sorts.
		The upshot of the exercise, as far as Penrose is concemed, is that "the mere carrying out of a successful algorithm does not in itself imply that any understanding has taken place." ths conclusion certainly holds if it is directed at the executing apparatus, whether flesh or hardware.
	www.dhushara.com /book/quantcos/penrose/penr.htm (11315 words)

	Amazon.de: Shadows of the Mind: English Books: Roger Penrose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Penrose feels that a new physical synthesis, reconciling the paradoxes of quantum theory and bringing them into harmony with Einstein's gravitational theories, is ultimately necessary to explain the noncomputational elements of consciousness and intelligence.
		Penrose (mathematics, Oxford) illustrates his thesis via mathematical logic, including detailed discussions of Godel's proposition of incompleteness, Turing's machines and computabilities, quantum mechanics, and microbiology.
		Although Penrose never invokes the concept of a creator or supreme being, in my mind, this poses an interesting challenge to those in the scientific community who claim our universe is simply the result of random particle collisions over a long period of time.
	www.amazon.de /Shadows-Mind-Roger-Penrose/dp/0198539789 (1712 words)

	Penrose Tiling and Kleenex
		Penrose devised the nonrepeating five-fold symmetrical pattern in the 1970s by using two kinds of diamond shapes—fat and thin—to create what is now called Penrose tiling.
		Penrose first recognized the pattern on the loo paper in the store and brought it to her husband's attention.
		To make Penrose's feat all the more impressive, his discoveries did not come courtesy the calculational brawn of a computer; these patterns belong to a weird set of "non-computable" problems that have to be solved by hand.
	docs.law.gwu.edu /facweb/claw/penrose.htm (1390 words)

	penrose
		Someone else replied that no, Penrose believed that it took the emission of one graviton to collapse the wavefunction (roughly speaking).
		Right now I'm visiting the new Center for Gravitational Physics and Geometry at Penn State, and Penrose is a visiting member, so walking to lunch yesterday I mentioned this and asked him what he thought he believed.
		Penrose said he might mention this in his next book.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/penrose.html (1344 words)

	Penrose Tilings (Science U)
		Penrose tilings are a class of beautiful and fascinating nonperiodic tilings.
		Penrose tiling are constructed from two tiles, with very specific shapes, illustrated on the left.
		The key to the Penrose rules is the bottom illustration to the left.
	www.scienceu.com /geometry/articles/tiling/penrose.html (575 words)

	UAF Newsroom: Public Lecture: "Science and the Mind" by Sir Roger Penrose
		World-renowned physicist Sir Roger Penrose will present a public lecture on the human brain and the phenomenon of conscious thought, Tuesday, Sept. 9, at 7:30 p.m.
		"Roger Penrose is one of the most brilliant mathematical physicists of our time," said David Newman, UAF physics professor.
		Penrose, the Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford, was knighted in 1994 for his outstanding contributions to science and mathematics.
	www.uaf.edu /news/a_news/20030903091503.html (395 words)

	Roger Penrose's theory of consciousness - non-computable quantum effects in microtubules.
		Roger Penrose's theory of consciousness - non-computable quantum effects in microtubules.
		Sir Roger Penrose is unique in offering something close to a proof in formal logic that minds are not merely computers.
		Penrose's point is that any mechanical, algorithmic, process is based on a formal system of some kind.
	www.consciousentities.com /penrose.htm (2108 words)

	Roger Penrose's Gravitonic Brains:A review of "Shadows of the Mind" by Roger Penrose
		When someone of unproven intellectual merit fails in a vigorous defense of a viscerally attractive position, the fault is presumed to lie in the advocate, but when the failed defense is conducted by a person of the highest intellectual and pedagogic reputation, the position being defended itself becomes seriously suspect.
		After Roger Penrose championed the cause of indefinite human superiority over machines -- and lost -- the world learned to accept the inevitable arrival of superhuman minds.
		I have such a "Penrose," and an Omega for it, in a file, though you, of course, are utterly incapable of absorbing it, let alone believing it.
	psyche.cs.monash.edu.au /v2/psyche-2-06-moravec.html (1835 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds and the Laws of Physics: Books: Roger Penrose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Penrose covers the subjects in that book in two chapters of this one, and in a much more satisfying way because he is not afraid to use math.
		Sir Roger Penrose provides a contemporary review of theoretical computing, mathematical physics and briefly, the biology of the brain to create a case for the non-computability of the underlying functions of conciousness.
		Roger Penrose, one of the world's top physicists, summarizes modern science, examining topics including Turing machines, relativity, quantum physics, fl holes, etc. At the end, he argues that the human mind can not be simulated by computers or anything algorithmic.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Emperors-New-Mind-Concerning-Computers/dp/0192861980 (1344 words)

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