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Topic: Rohingyas

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	Rohingya people Summary
		The Rohingyas are the descendants of Muslim traders from Persia and India, Muslim refugees from the Middle East and Bengal, and indigenous Arakanese converts to Islam.
		Rohingyas are victimised in Burma because of their religion and ethnicity and they are face widespread religious persecution and discriminitation at all levels, such as education, health and other basic needs, including the denial of their right to citizenship.
		Rohingya activists claim that the Burmese government's objective is to turn Muslim Arakan into a Burmanised region by reducing the Muslims to an insignificant or manageable minority, and that as a result, more than a quarter of the total area of arable land has gone back to jungle.
	www.bookrags.com /Rohingya_people (896 words)

	Rohingya people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Rohingya population is mostly concentrated in five northern townships of Rakhine State (formerly known as Arakan): Maungdaw, Buthidaung, Rathedaung, Akyab and Kyauktaw.
		Rohingyas are victimised in Burma because of their religion and ethnicity and they are face widespread religious persecution and discriminitation at all levels, such as education, health and other basic needs, including the denial of their right to citizenship.
		Rohingya activists claim that the Burmese government's objective is to turn Muslim Arakan into a Burmanised region by reducing the Muslims to an insignificant or manageable minority, and that as a result, more than a quarter of the total area of arable land has gone back to jungle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rohingya (643 words)

	THAUMATURGIAN ISLANDS PEOPLE
		In recent history the Rohingyas have fled on a massive scale on three occasions: in 1942, in 1978 and in 1991.
		The human rights situation in general in Burma is among the worst in the world, and ethnic minorities such as the Rohingyas are targetted in particular: the number of cases of repression, arrests, torture, summary executions, rape, religious persecution and forced labour has been high over recent years.
		Rohingyas keep trickling into Bangladesh, despite the international rehabilitation programme in their home state Arakan which consists of projects for water and sanitation, health, transport and communications, education, land cultivation, community services, construction works, diversifying sources of income and care for women and extremely vulnerable individuals.
	www.geocities.com /thaustate/tip.htm (4694 words)

	Welcome to HAKAM news & updates
		Information on Rohingyas living in the Malaysia and those still in Burma is scarce and the 28 immigrants who broke into the UNHCR compound were determined to be heard.
		Rohingya children are not issued with birth certificates and adults are not given passports, leaving them with no documentation to prove their identity.
		Malaysia is host to a relatively small Rohingya community and continues to struggle with the management of its large communities of Indonesian and Filipino migrant workers.
	www.hakam.org /news280102_2.htm (1033 words)

	Rohingya Information and Awareness Portal
		Ther military regime has prohibited the Rohingyas of their right to freedom of movement within the country, nay within the same locality seriously affecting the socio-cultural, economic, educational activities and daily life of the Rohingyas.
		According to the ruling military the Rohingyas are to adopt and entertain no ideas but those of Burman race and culture and Buddhism.
		Very much contradictory to their declaration, the military could not disallow the Rohingyas to participate in multi-party elections held in 1990, the result of which was not implemented by the military junta.
	www.angelfire.com /or3/rohingya.com/rohingyas.htm (1217 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Rohingya (Arakanese) in Burma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Rohingyas have three of the six factors that increase the chances of future rebellion: current rebellion; territorial concentration; and recent government repression.
		From a high of 250,000 Rohingyas in Bangladeshi refugee camps in the early 1990s, there were some 20,000 left by the end of 2000 after the rest had returned to Burma.
		The Rohingyas face many demographic stresses such as deteriorating public health conditions, declining caloric intake, dispossession from their land, and internal resettlement as a result of government policies.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=77501 (868 words)

	[No title]
		According to witnesses Rohingyas and other ethnic minorities including the Arakanese and Mro, were forced to work on roads and bridges by the Burmese security forces in December 1996 and during the first half of 1997.
		Since then tens of thousands of Rohingyas have been repatriated, although various non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have expressed concern that the repatriation operation has gqne forward without a fundamental improvement in the human rights situation in Myanmar, and have questioned whether the repatriation of many of these refugees was truly voluntary.
		Amnesty International is concerned that Rohingya asylum-seekers have been denied access to local UNHCR personnel, and that people may have been returned to a situation where they would be at risk of serious human rights violations.
	www.ibiblio.org /obl/docs/AI-Rohingya97-09.htm (3608 words)

	BANGLADESH/BURMA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This is not to say however, that all Rohingyas should therefore be classified as prima facie refugees, since there are circumstances in which some individuals and families may not be subject to abuses of sufficient severity to amount to persecution.
		To add to the difficulties faced by Rohingyas, in 1989 the Burmese government began to issue new identity cards to all citizens, which include not only a photograph of the bearer, his or her father's name, place of residence and so on, but also ethnicity and religion.
		Thus, Rohingyas are doubly at risk in a country where citizens face abuese such as forced labor, forced relocation, and denial of freedom of speech, association and assembly on a daily basis.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1997/bangladesh/Banglade-03.htm (3346 words)

	The Irrawaddy News Magazine Online Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Rohingyas have struggled for decades to legitimize their presence in the country, and their fight looks to be anything but over.
		Restrictions on mobility since 2001 have made it difficult for Rohingyas to secure employment and engage in trade—as they are restricted from traveling outside their villages without official permission.
		Rohingyas are often blamed for political violence in Bangladesh, including bombings by extremist Muslim organizations.
	www.irrawaddy.org /aviewer.asp?a=5378&z=102 (652 words)

	Malaysia recognizes a stateless clan
		Rohingya communities numbering in the tens of thousands have fled to Bangladesh, been forced back to persecution in Myanmar, then fled again, some to Malaysia.
		It involves recognition that prospects for resettlement of the Rohingyas in third countries such as the United States are almost nonexistent, and that many Rohingyas have made their homes in Malaysia, albeit illegally.
		But for some Rohingya, the ability to work legally and win education rights for their children is not yet enough.
	www.iht.com /articles/2005/04/22/news/refugee.php (1213 words)

	Rohingya Solidarity Organization
		Located mainly in Arakan State, Burma's Muslim Rohingya minority is subjected to "severe legal, economic, and social discrimination," in addition to the forced labor and other abuses commonly faced by the country's other ethnic minority groups, according to the U.S. State Department human rights report.
		Rohingyas lack citizenship, making them ineligible for public education beyond the primary level and for most civil service jobs.
		The government denies citizenship to Rohingyas on the ground that their ancestors did not live in Burma at the onset of British colonial rule in 1824, as required by Burma's restrictive citizenship law.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/rohingya.htm (371 words)

	Rohingyas-III
		Hence, the Rohingya Muslims are not an ethnic group, which developed from one tribal group affiliation or single racial stock, but are an ethnic group that developed from different stocks of people.
		The Rohingya constitute 70 to 80 percent of population in North Arakan and 97% of the population in Mayu region.
		Since 1948, the Rohingyas are victims of the worst kind of systemic, state- sponsored and patronized oppression, repression, discrimination, eviction, relocation, extortion, arbitrary arrests and taxation, and targeted communal riots that invariably result in death, massive destruction of their settlements, holy places of worship, economic bases and expulsion from their hearths and homes.
	www.archives2006.ghazali.net /html/rohingyas-iii.html (2236 words)

	The Rohingyas: the forgotten Refugees
		The Rohingyas are Burmese Musilms, from the Arakan province bordering Bangladesh and India.
		With the sort of treatment meted out to Rohingya refuges by the Bangladeshi government, the conditions are tailor made for Islamist groups to recruit disaffected Rohingya youth for terrorist actions under the label of the jihad.
		Not just because the Rohingyas pose a future insurgent threat, but because of the startling parallels between the situation of the Rohingyas in Bangladesh and the situation of the Bangladeshis in India.
	www.cobrapost.com /documents/Rohingyas.htm (1204 words)

	General
		The Burmese government claims the Rohingyas are illegal immigrants from across the border in Bangladesh and never belonged in Burma in the first place,19whereas it clearly acknowledges the minorities in the east as Burmese nationals (whether or not they regard themselves as such).
		The armed insurgency among the Rohingyas is small and not a significant fighting force comparable to the Karen guerrillas or other insurgent armies in the east; SLORC does not even attempt to justify the campaign against the Rohingyas in terms of counterinsurgency.
		Rohingyas interviewed by Human Rights Watch said that the routine of SLORC oppression became one of concerted brutality following the National Assembly elections of May 27, 1990, in which the military junta was soundly defeated.
	hrw.org /about/projects/womrep/General-69.htm (925 words)

	Bangladesh-Myanmar Relations and the Stateless Rohingyas By Imtiaz Ahmed
		In the case of the Rohingyas it is even more pathetic for their refuge across the border brought no change to their sufferings.
		The term 'Rohingya' is not only a construction that is modern but is also a reality arising from the organization and reproduction of the modern national state.
		It is not surprising that the Rohingyas in large number remain ill educated, with the abler lot taking up the profession of small business and petty trading for reproducing their livelihoods.
	www.ibiblio.org /obl/docs/Imtiaz-Ahmed.html (2310 words)

	Myanmar: The Rohingya Minority: Fundamental rights denied
		Rohingyas continue to be used as forced labourers on roads and at military camps, although the amount of forced labour in northern Rakhine State has decreased over the last decade.
		The confiscation of land from Rohingyas to build model villages deprives them of opportunities to sustain their livelihood, as these are in almost all cases grazing grounds for their cattle, rice fields or shrimp farms.
		Rohingyas in northern Rakhine State are subjected to extortion and arbitrary taxation at the hands of the authorities.
	www.amnestyusa.org /justearth/document.do?id=0B6DE0A8E65AB1EE80256E9300526418 (14620 words)

	Bangladesh: Myanmar/Bangladesh Rohingyas - The search for safety - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Since then tens of thousands of Rohingyas have been repatriated, although various non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have expressed concern that the repatriation operation has gone forward without a fundamental improvement in the human rights situation in Myanmar, and have questioned whether the repatriation of many of these refugees was truly voluntary.
		Estimates of Rohingyas who have recently arrived in Bangladesh in the first half of 1997 vary widely from 2,000 to 20,000.
		Although the Government of Bangladesh had planned to close the two remaining camps housing Rohingya refugees [8] at the end of June 1997, delays in the repatriation process have meant that over 21,000 are still living in these camps.
	web.amnesty.org /ai.nsf/Index/ASA130071997?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIES\BANGLADESH (2858 words)

	Talk:Rohingya people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rohingya students who got admission for professinal education such as medical and engineering were totally banned to move to Rangoon to continue their education saying Rohingyas have no rights for movement as well as a higher education.
		Rohingya language is significantly similar to the Chittagonian dialect spoken in neighboring Chittagong region of Bangladesh.
		Rohingya dialect may be close to Chittagonian dialect which is completely different from that of Bengali-Indian city Culcutta is the origin of Bengali population.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Rohingya (4838 words)

	Asia Times Online :: Southeast Asia news and business from Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam
		Recognition for the Rohingyas is now seen as way to fill the shortfall, and officials in Kuala Lumpur announced recently that the government will issue work permits to the 10,000 Rohingya within its borders.
		Even Rohingyas, who were periodically arrested and taken to the Thai border where they were told to walk across and disappear, have come to benefit from the change in policy.
		While the new policy to issue work permits to the Rohingya could mark a reversal of fortune for these refugees, there is still fear that the Malaysian government could retract their pronouncements.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/GD30Ae03.html (958 words)

	The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 800 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Around 20 thousand Rohingya refugees have been included in the updated voter list in six upazilas of Cox's Bazar while thousands of eligible voters left out for allegiance to the opposition parties, locals and different political parties alleged.
		The actual number of Rohingyas in the area would be much higher and it is very difficult to identify them as they have been assimilated into the local people.
		The number of female Rohingya voters is higher than that of the males, they said.
	thedailystar.net /2006/08/26/d6082601139.htm (673 words)

	Who Are the Rohingyas? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The people called Rohingyas by Zaw Min Htut and his mentors are direct descendents of immigrants from the Chittagong District of East Bengal (present day Bangladesh).
		Zaw Min Htut’s book attempts to prove that the so-called Rohingyas are the descendents of Arab castaways from shipwrecks on the Arakan coast in the ninth century and that they had been inhabitants in Arakan at least two centuries before the Arakanese people of Tibeto-Burman family reached Arakan.
		It is obvious that the term “Rohingya” was created in 1950s by the educated Chittagonian descendants from Mayu Frontier area (present day Buthidaung and Maungdaw Districts) and that it cannot be found in any historical source materials in any language till then.
	www.rakhapura.com /read.asp?CatId=12&NewsId=58 (2080 words)

	Anti-Slavery - Submissions 2005 - Rohingyas' rights in Burma
		This Muslim minority is discriminated against on the basis of their ethnicity and religion in Burma and, in Bangladesh, the Rohingyas are unwanted as refugees.
		Rohingya refugees continue to face intimidation, pressure to sign voluntary repatriation forms and serious abuses in the camps.
		In addition, the remaining two international NGOs were compelled to withdraw from the camps in the past 18 months, and this raises concerns for the protection as well as the quality of humanitarian assistance to the refugees.
	www.antislavery.org /archive/submission/submission2005-CHRburma1.htm (399 words)

	The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 913 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Around five thousand more Rohingya refugees have been included in the 'corrected' voter list in six upazilas of the district while thousands of eligible voters have not been enrolled or excluded from the list for their allegiance to certain political parties, locals and sources in the parties alleged.
		The actual number of Rohingyas in the district could be much higher, and it is very difficult to identify them as they have assimilated into the local people.
		Teknaf upazila BNP President Mostaque Ahmed Chowdhury however said a small number Rohingyas might have been enrolled as voters but the number is not as big as claimed by the AL leaders.
	www.thedailystar.net /2006/12/21/d61221011913.htm (693 words)

	Burma Issues - Rohingya
		The Rohingya population is mostly concentrated in three northern townships of Rakhine State: Maungdaw, Buthidaung and Rathedaung.
		Whilst it is difficult to determine the exact number of Rohingyas living in Rakhine State, it estimated that of the approximately three million people living in Rakhine State, between 700,000 and 1.5 million of them are Muslims, the vast majority of which are Rohingyas from northern Rakhine State 1.
		Ethnically, the Rohingyas are genetically related to the Bengalis, Indians, Arabs and Moors, with early Muslim settlements in Rakhine State dating back to 7th century A.D. Rakhine Buddhists (also known as Arakanese or Arakan) comprise the majority ethnic group in Rakhine State.
	www.burmaissues.org /En/rohingya.html (542 words)

	Rohingyas-IV
		In Bangladesh today there are approximately 20,000 “documented” Rohingya refugees, out of a quarter million that had arrived in 1991-2, escaping military persecution in Burma.
		Besides, hundreds of thousands of “undocumented” Rohingyas are living outside these two camps in sub-human condition with all their uncertainty.
		This decision is bound to worsen the misery of the refugees.
	www.archives2006.ghazali.net /html/rohingyas-iv.html (1646 words)

	globalinfo.org - Apr 29, MALAYSIA (#36663)
		Officially there are about 10,000 Rohingyas in the country but the refugees themselves estimate their population at 35,000.
		The discrepancy is another indication of the long years of neglect the Rohingyas have suffered, both here in their adopted country and in Burma, their birthplace.
		Even Rohingyas, who were periodically arrested and taken to the Thai border and told to walk across and disappear, have come to benefit from the change in policy.
	www.globalinfo.org /eng/reader.asp?ArticleId=36663 (1046 words)

	The Irrawaddy News Magazine Online Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		They weren’t alone—other groups of Rohingyas landed along the Thai coast at the end of 2006, and other boats are believed to be still on the way.
		She says the regime policy is to make life so difficult for the Rohingyas, even to the extent of restricting their access to food, that they are forced to seek livelihoods elsewhere.
		A social worker assisting the detained Rohingyas said in December 2006 that several hundred were thought to be on their way south in as many as 14 boats.
	www.irrawaddy.org /aviewer.asp?a=6642&z=104 (760 words)

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