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Topic: Rolf M Zinkernagel

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	The Health Report: 23 June 1997 - Nobel Laureate Rolf Zinkernagel
		Rolf Zinkernagel: Yes, and there I think there are even two sides to the story: one is that such infections may cause destruction of our own selves, that then are picked up by an immune organ such as lymph nodes and spleen, and then triggers an auto immune disease.
		Rolf Zinkernagel: One question we all have lived with for a long time as immunologists and infectiologists, is the quality of immunological memory, that is, once you've had measles you don't catch it again.
		Nobel Laureate Dr Rolf Zinkernagel is in the Department of Pathology at the University of Zurich.
	www.abc.com.au /rn/talks/8.30/helthrpt/stories/s68.htm (1388 words)

	Rolf M. Zinkernagel Biography \| World of Health
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel was born on January 6, 1944, in Basel, Switzerland.
		Zinkernagel's project, trying to monitor the destruction of bacterial cells preloaded with radioactive chromium-51, was frustrating because the method never worked properly on the bacteria--but it gave him experience with a number of experimental techniques that were to prove crucial for his Nobel-winning research.
		Zinkernagel and Doherty demonstrated that this was true, and that the MHC antigens were necessary for killer T cells to tell friend from foe.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/rolf-m-zinkernagel-woh (1023 words)

	ZoomInfo Web Profile: Rolf Zinkernagel
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel is a member of the Swiss Society of Allergy and Immunology, the American Associations of Immunologists and of Pathologists, the ENI European Network of Immunological Institutions, the International Society for Antiviral Research, and President of the Executive Board of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS).
		Rolf Zinkernagel, MD (University of Basel), PhD (Australian National University, Canberra) is professor of pathology and head of the institute of experimental immunology at the University of Zurich, Switzerland.
		Zinkernagel studied medicine at the University of Basel, and conducted post-doctoral studies at in Biochemistry at the University of Lausanne, and in Experimental Medicine at the University of Zurich in 1971.
	www.zoominfo.com /Search/PersonDetail.aspx?PersonID=8522621 (1282 words)

	Page 93
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel graduated from the University of Basel with a MD in 1970.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel has received many awards and prizes for his work and contribution to science, the most prestigious being the Nobel Prize for Medicine which he was awarded in 1996.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel was a member of the Board of Directors of Cytos Biotechnology AG, Schlieren/Zurich, Switzerland until April 2003.
	www.corporatewindow.com /annuals/nvs03/page93.html (705 words)

	Rolf M Zinkernagel Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		* In biochemistry, M is the symbol for methionine.
		In Unicode the majusculecapital M is codepoint U+004D and the minusculelowercase m is U+006D.
		The ASCII code for capital M is 77 and for lowercase m is 109; or in Binary numeral systembinary 01001101 and 01101101, correspondingly.
	www.echostatic.com /Rolf_M_Zinkernagel.html (726 words)

	Rolf M. Zinkernagel Biography \| World of Anatomy and Physiology
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel, a Swiss microbiologist who won the Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology for research concerning structures on the surface of the cell that alert the immune system to the presence of foreign invaders, was born in Basel, Switzerland.
		Zinkernagel attended medical school in 1962 at the University of Basel and graduated in 1968.
		In 1996, Zinkernagel was awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in conjunction with Doherty for their discovery on the specificity of the cell mediated immune defense.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/rolf-m-zinkernagel-wap (427 words)

	[No title]
		In the early 1970s when Peter Doherty and Rolf Zinkernagel had begun their scientific work within immunology, it was possible to distinguish between antibody-mediated and cell- mediated immunity.
		The discovery Rolf Zinkernagel and Peter Doherty used mice to study how the immune system, and particularly T -lymphocytes, could protect animals against infection from a virus able to cause meningitis.
		Zinkernagel's and Doherty's findings, which were published in Nature in 1974 (1,2), demonstrated conclusively the requirement for the cellular immune system to recognize simultaneously both 'foreign' molecules (in the present case from a virus) and self molecules (major histocompatibility antigens).
	www.csb.ki.se /kisv/nobel.96 (1079 words)

	AEGiS-AP: Nobel Man: AIDS Vaccine Likely
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel also said the vaccine he envisioned would vastly reduce chances that an HIV-infected person would transfer the virus to other people.
		Zinkernagel, a researcher at the Institute of Experimental Immunology in Zurich, Switzerland, spoke at a news conference along with co-winner Peter C. Doherty.
		He and Zinkernagel are to receive their awards on Tuesday, along with other Nobel Prize winners, from Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf, at a pomp-filled ceremony in Stockholm.
	www.aegis.com /news/ap/1996/AP961208.html (540 words)

	ZINKERNAGEL, ROLF
		ZINKERNAGEL, ROLF, Ciurea, A., Hunziker, L., Klenerman, P., Hengartner, H.: Impairment of CD4+ T cell responses during chronic virus infection prevents neutralizing antibody responses against virus escape mutants.
		ZINKERNAGEL, ROLF, Hengartner, H., Ludewig, B., Bonilla, W. V., Dumrese, T., Odermatt, B.: Perforin-independent regulation of dendritic cell homeostasis by CD8(+) T cells in vivo: implications for adaptive immunotherapy.
		ZINKERNAGEL, ROLF, Ludewig, B., McCoy, K., Pericin, M., Ochsenbein, A. F., Dumrese, T., Odermatt, B., Toes, R. E., Melief, C. J., Hengartner, H.: Rapid peptide turnover and inefficient presentation of exogenous antigen critically limit the activation of self-reactive ctl by dendritic cells.
	www.bbaw.de /pbl/zinkernagelrolf2001.html (411 words)

	Zinkernagel, Rolf M. -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Zinkernagel, Rolf M. Swiss immunologist and pathologist who, along with Peter C. Doherty of Australia, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1996 for their discovery of how the immune system distinguishes virus-infected cells from normal cells.
		At the age of 29 Rolf Zinkernagel discovered how the immune system recognizes virus in cells, a finding that led to his receipt of the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine in 1996.
		The letter M probably started as a picture sign of water, as in Egyptian hieroglyphic writing (1) and in a very early Semitic writing that was used in about 1500 BC on the Sinai Peninsula (2).
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9003012?hook=39614 (794 words)

	Rolf Zinkernagel? - HIV: health and medical information about HIV and AIDS
		Not that you should know, Rolf Zinkernagel is a celebrated Swiss physician and scientist who with Peter Doherty received the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for, as the award put it, discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence.
		The "self" molecules in the research done by Zinkernagel and Doherty were the major histocompatibility antigens, now recognized as key determinants to the success or failure of transplants.
		Returning to Zinkernagel and Doherty as a team, the scientific principle they discovered was the principle of simultaneous immune recognition of both foreign and "self" molecules.
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6172 (567 words)

	Rolf M. Zinkernagel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zinkernagel received his M.D. from the University of Basel in 1970 and his Ph.D. from the Australian National University, Canberra, in 1975.
		In their experiments, Zinkernagel and Doherty found that T lymphocytes from an infected mouse would destroy virus-infected cells from another mouse only if both mice belonged to a genetically identical strain.
		After leaving the Curtin School in 1975, Zinkernagel served as an associate professor (1979-88) and full professor (1988-92) at the University of Zurich and became head of the university's Institute of Experimental Immunology in 1992.
	medicine.nobel.brainparad.com /rolf_zinkernagel.html (362 words)

	Zinkernagel To Give Dyer Lecture, April 13, 2004 NIH Record - National Institutes of Health (NIH)
		A native of Basel, Zinkernagel was awarded an M.D. from the University of Basel in 1968.
		In their studies of viral infection in mice, Zinkernagel and Doherty discovered how the killer white blood cells of the immune system detect and destroy virus-infected cells while ignoring free-floating virus particles, which are targeted primarily by antibodies.
		Among Zinkernagel's many honors are the Lasker Award, the Drew-Novartis Award and the Starzl Prize, as well as honorary doctorates from 13 universities and other institutions.
	www.nih.gov /news/NIH-Record/04_13_2004/story03.htm (464 words)

	Zinkernagel Rolf M - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Zinkernagel Rolf M - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Zinkernagel, Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Rolf M., born in 1944, Swiss immunologist and co-winner of the 1996 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for his contribution to the...
		Physiology : Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine: Zinkernagel, Rolf M. – Doherty, Peter C. Doherty, Peter C., born in 1940, Australian immunologist and co-winner of the 1996 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for his contribution to the...
	encarta.msn.com /Zinkernagel_Rolf_M.html (135 words)

	aravis Venture Associates AG: Rolf Zinkernagel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel is Scientific Partner of Aravis.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel was elected to the Board of Directors of Novartis AG in 1999.
		Among many other honors and awards for his contributions to science Rolf M. Zinkernagel received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1996.
	www.aravis.ch /Textpages/index.php?id=57 (111 words)

	VACCINE IS THE REPLY
		But for Nobel laureate Rolf M Zinkernagel, science is more akin to story-telling.
		It is about perseverance and the devotion of a scientist to finding the beginning, going through the middle, and then placing his findings before the next generation, which could then try and move a step closer to the end.
		In 1996 Zinkernagel was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Peter C Doherty, for their discoveries concerning "the specificity of cell mediated immune defence".
	www.talkaboutsupport.com /group/alt.support.cancer/messages/90514.html (709 words)

	Directions of vaccine research
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel, along with Dr. Peter C. Doherty, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1996 for his discovery relating to the "specificity of the cell-mediated immune defence".
		A specialist in immunology, Zinkernagel (57) is Professor at the Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
		Zinkernagel was in Chennai recently to deliver a lecture at an International Immunology Conference.
	www.hinduonnet.com /thehindu/fline/fl1810/18100840.htm (1162 words)

	History of Immunology
		Zinkernagel, of the Nobel prize for medicine or physiology in 1996 for their discovery about how the immune system detects virus-infected cells
		Zinkernagel, Rolf M. : Swiss immunologist, born 1944.
		Zinkernagel, Rolf - Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich
	focosi.immunesig.org /historyi.html (1032 words)

	197k (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Later on, Benacerraf's seminal contribution was to demonstrate that the capacity to mount an immune response against a given antigen rested precisely in the MHC.
		Thus, Zinkernagel and Doherty unraveled the ways and means used by the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel is, at present, head of the Institute for Experimental Immunology at the University of Zurich, Switzer land and Peter C. Doherty is Professor of Pathology at the University of Tennessee in the USA.
	www.unam.mx /serv_hem/revistas/medical/1997/spring/24.html (502 words)

	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital - Copyright 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Peter C. Doherty, Ph.D., and Rolf M. Zinkernagel, M.D., immunologists whose experiments revolutionized the field by explaining the mechanism of T-cell recognition in cell-mediated immunity, have won the 1996 Nobel Prize for Medicine.
		Doherty is chairman of the immunology department at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis and Dr. Zinkernagel is professor and director of the Institute of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zurich, Switzerland.
		Doherty and Zinkernagel discovered T cells simultaneously recognize MHC self-protein and a foreign antigen on the surface of virally infected cells.
	www.stjude.org /print/0,2510,404_2143_4605,00.html (222 words)

	NEJM -- Maternal Antibodies, Childhood Infections, and Autoimmune Diseases
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel, M.D. Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel, M.D. Recovery from an infectious disease or an encounter with a nonmicrobial
		Pinschewer, D. D., Perez, M., Jeetendra, E., Bachi, T., Horvath, E., Hengartner, H., Whitt, M. A., de la Torre, J. C., Zinkernagel, R. Kinetics of protective antibodies are determined by the viral surface antigen.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/short/345/18/1331 (642 words)

	Two win Nobel Prize for immune system work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zinkernagel of Switzerland will share the $1.12 million prize for their joint research in the early 1970s at the John Curtin School of Medical Research in Canberra, Australia.
		Zinkernagel, 52, heads the Institute of Experimental Immunology in Zurich.
		Zinkernagel said he had not expected to win because a Nobel Prize was given about 15 years ago for similar work.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/96/10/08/nobel-med.html (591 words)

	Directions of vaccine research
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel, along with Dr. Peter C. Doherty, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1996 for his discovery relating to the "specificity of the cell-mediated immune defence".
		A specialist in immunology, Zinkernagel (57) is Professor at the Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
		Zinkernagel was in Chennai recently to deliver a lecture at an International Immunology Conference.
	www.flonnet.com /fl1810/18100840.htm (1162 words)

	Board of Directors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		FUNCTION AT In 1999, Rolf M. Zinkernagel was elected to the Board of Directors of Novartis AG.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel graduated from the University of Basel with an M.D. in 1970.
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel is a member of the Swiss Society of Allergy and Immunology, the American Associations of Immunologists and of Pathologists, the ENI European Network of Immunological Institutions, the International Society for Antiviral Research, and President of the Executive Board of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS).
	www.novartis.com /annual_reports/2004/board.shtml (2524 words)

	National Academy of Sciences - Members (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zinkernagel's discoveries are crucial to our understanding of T-cell development and function.
		His research established the conditions needed for thymocyte maturation, demonstrated that T-cells recognize antigen only in association with major histocompatibility complex proteins and showed that potentially autoreactive T-cells may exist without harming their host.
		The overall aims are to learn about basic and biologically relevant parameters of specificity, tolerance, and memory of the immune system to understand pathogenesis and prevention of infectious disease.
	www4.nationalacademies.org /nas/naspub.nsf/(urllinks)/NAS-58N3MY?opendocument (262 words)

	EiTB24.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Medicine and Physiology Nobel Prize winner of 1996, took part in a press conference held on occasion of the VI Commemorative Lesson Eduardo Ortiz de Landázuri, organized by the University Hospital and the School of Medicine.
		Zinkernagel mentioned the great effort used in getting new medicines that could lower the level of infection.
		About the current resistance of bacteria and virus from antibiotics and medicines, Dr. Rolf M. Zinkernagel said: "Whenever we stress any kind of biological system, it always responds by escaping." But, in his opinion, "the most risky place for this type of multiresistance problem is in the hospital.
	www.eitb24.com /noticia_en.php?id=27736 (418 words)

	January 6 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zinkernagel has also been a vocal proponent of the promise of biotechnology in his native Switzerland.
		Fellow Soviet scientists Igor Y. Tamm and Ilya M. Frank investigated the phenomenon from which the Cherenkov counter was developed.
		In 1913, William M. Burton patented a process to "crack" petroleum, converting oil to produce gasoline.
	www.todayinsci.com /1/1_06.htm (2303 words)

	Ten Nobels for the future
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel was born on 6 January 1944 in Basle, where he attended school, gymnasium and university, eventually earning his degree in Medicine.
		In 1979, he was recruited by the University of Zurich to take the Chair in Experimental Pathology; since 1992 he has been head of the Institute of Experimental Immunology in the Department of Pathology at the University.
		Zinkernagel is a member of a number of editorial and scientific boards and on the scientific committees of various associations and biotechnology companies.
	www.hypothesis.it /nobel/eng/bio/zinkernagel.htm (281 words)

	Scrapie Pathogenesis in Subclinically Infected B-Cell-Deficient Mice -- Frigg et al. 73 (11): 9584 -- The Journal of ...
		Thackray, A. M., Klein, M. A., Aguzzi, A., Bujdoso, R. Chronic Subclinical Prion Disease Induced by Low-Dose Inoculum.
		Prinz, M., Montrasio, F., Klein, M. A., Schwarz, P., Priller, J., Odermatt, B., Pfeffer, K., Aguzzi, A. Lymph nodal prion replication and neuroinvasion in mice devoid of follicular dendritic cells.
		Shlomchik, M. J., Radebold, K., Duclos, N., Manuelidis, L. Neuroinvasion by a Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease agent in the absence of B cells and follicular dendritic cells.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/73/11/9584 (515 words)

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