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Topic: Roma and Sinti

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Timeline of Roma history

Gypsies

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Porajmos

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Romany

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Shelta language

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	Roma people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some Roma say that is a mistaken spelling, never adopted by Roma, and definitively rejected by the last Romany congress, that defined the universal Romany alphabet for the Romany language.
		But male Sinti Roma in Central Asia have H (20%),J2 (20%) and a high frequency of R2 (50%) which is found in India, with high frequencies in West Bengal and amongst the Sinhalese of Sri Lanka.
		Most Roma abandoned their nomadic way of life long ago, and a good representation of the way of life of Balkan Roma today can be seen in the films of the famous Bosnian director Emir Kusturica.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roma_(people) (3447 words)

	Roma (people) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Roma were widely believed to have psychic powers (see the popular stereotype of the Gypsy fortune-teller), and some romantics attribute the invention of the Tarot cards to them.
		The largest concentrations of Roma are found in the Balkan peninsula of southeastern Europe, in central Europe, the United States, and in Russia and the other successor republics of the USSR.
		Most Roma abandoned their nomadic way of life long ago, and a good representation of way of life of Balkan Roma today can be seen in movies by the famous Serbian director Emir Kusturica.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/roma__people_ (1479 words)

	The Patrin Web Journal - Sinti and Roma as National Minorities in the Countries of Europe
		The Central Council of German Sinti and Roma is lobbying the Council of Europe and the European Union, as well as the OSCE [Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe], for equal and legally binding minority protection for the Sinti and Roma minorities in the member states.
		It is no longer acceptable for the residential rights of the Roma and Sinti minorities in their respective domiciles to be the subject of recommendations and resolutions discussed in European bodies where they are identified in blanket terms such as "social group", "refugees" and "nomads" (see Recommendation 1203/1993).
		Sinti and Roma also have to be supported on an equal footing with the Danes and Sorbians in Germany by the Ministry of the Interior.
	www.geocities.com /Paris/5121/sinti-roma.htm (2469 words)

	Roma (Gypsy) Victims of the Holocaust
		Bibliography of sources related to the Sinti and Roma in the Holocaust.
		A history of Roma persecution in Europe from 1589 to the present by Harold Tanner.
		Sinti and Roma bibliography from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
	fcit.coedu.usf.edu /holocaust/people/victroma.htm (496 words)

	In nazi Germany Sinti and Roma have been one of the four main targets of the nazi extermination policies, along with ...
		An estimated half a million Sinti and Roma were killed during the Holocaust (3), after having been robbed of all possessions, deported to concentration camps, and in many instances sterilised or subjected to inhuman medical experimentation.
		Sinti and Roma who returned to Germany from concentration camps after World War II continued to be routinely harassed by the police and other authorities — often by the same people who previously ordered their deportation.
		Sinti and Roma were excluded from mainstream society and, having secured housing only in wagons or other poor quality accommodation on the outskirts of the towns or cities, were neglected for decades.
	www.policy.hu /abdikeeva/Germany.html (4525 words)

	Roma und Sinti Mediatoren / Fachtagung Berlin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		With the active participation of Roma and Sinti locally, new approaches towards job orientation and the qualification of Roma and Sinti are developed and tested, with the inclusion of different regional networks.
		Time and again teachers report how difficult it is to teach Roma and Sinti children, especially when they live in socially disadvantaged families or the parents, as refugees without work- and residence permits, depend on the receipt of reduced social benefits.
		Roma and Sinti experience school as a place where cultural values which rule their daily lives and their history - the experience of persecution, flight, migration and discrimination - do not find the appropriate resonance.
	www.roma-und-sinti-mediatoren.de /english (561 words)

	Roma and Sinti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Sinti are believed to be mainly descendents of nomadic groups roaming Europe in the middle ages such as the vagantes[?].
		Roma are notable for their colorful attire and active demeanor.
		Fogg should not receive any injury, at least until they all this, and we were recognized, I fear it would go hard with on the terrace behind the flight of steps where they stood, and hurrah!" It was a band of voters coming to the rescue of their.
	www.termsdefined.net /ro/roma-and-sinti.html (872 words)

	SINTI AND ROMA ("GYPSIES"):VICTIMS OF THE NAZI ERA
		In modern Germany, persecution of the Sinti and Roma preceded the Nazi regime.
		The children of Sinti and Roma were also victims, interned with their families in the municipal camps and studied and classified by racial scientists.
		Scholarly estimates of deaths in the Sinti and Roma genocide range from 220,000 to 500,000.
	www.holocaust-trc.org /sinti.htm (2293 words)

	RELIGION AND CULTURE OF THE ROMA (ALSO KNOWN AS GYPSIES, ROM, RROMA, ROMANI, RROMA)
		The Roma countered with the rumor that a Roma attempted to steal the nails so that Christ could not be crucified, but was only able to grab one.
		In 1792, 45 Roma were tortured and executed for the murder of some Hungarians, who were in fact alive and observed the executions.
		It is believed that as much as half of the Roma in Europe were enslaved, from the 14th century until Romani slavery was abolished in the mid-19th century.
	www.religioustolerance.org /roma.htm (2474 words)

	MRG - International Statements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		MRG would like to encourage participating states to offer information not only on the measures they have taken to ensure that Roma are attaining equality with the rest of the population in their enjoyment of human rights, but also to provide information on the effectiveness of these measures.
		For example, the UK is able to provide figures on the number of Roma and Traveller children who attend school, but does not provide figures on their level of achievement.
		ODIHR published a background paper, Public policies concerning Roma and Sinti in the OSCE region, which was submitted by Romani CRISS and the Project on Ethnic Relations, for this meeting.
	www.minorityrights.org /International/int_stat_detail.asp?ID=34 (697 words)

	Gallery - Roma and Sinti Memorial Art - Photos
		The Roma and Sinti memorial includes a rail leading to the edge of the infamous quarry.
		Along the rail are the names of the camps that Roma and Sinti were sent to.
		The inscription refers to the 500,000 Sinti and Roma victims of National Socialism, specifically the 450 women and children killed upon arrival at Mauthausen.
	fcit.coedu.usf.edu /holocaust/resource/gallery/ROMA.htm (368 words)

	Education \| Sinti & Roma
		Soon the regime introduced other laws affecting Germany's Sinti and Roma, as the Nazis immediately began to implement their vision of a new Germany one that placed "Aryans" at the top of the hierarchy of races and ranked Jews, Gypsies, and fls as racial inferiors.
		The Gypsy camp was liquidated on the night of August 2-3, 1944, when 2,897 Sinti and Roma men, women, and children were killed in the gas chamber.
		The unreliability of pre-Holocaust population figures for Sinti and Roma and the paucity of research, especially on their fate outside Germany during the Holocaust, make it difficult to estimate the number and percentage who perished.
	ushmm.org /education/resource/roma/roma.php?.../menu.txt&bgcolor=CD9544 (1986 words)

	OSCE Roundtable on Roma and Sinti National Policies
		In view of this situation, the OSCE is determined to keep Roma and Sinti issues on the agenda, while continuing its awareness-raising activities, especially with regards to social discrimination and racial violence.
		While recognising that a number of governments seem to have responded positively to concerns raised over the situation and treatment of Roma and Sinti in the region, the paper points to some possible shortcomings and negative side effects of what may be considered well-intended policies.
		On the hand, Roma should come to speak about a relative unity, based on some commonalties and come together in certain situations where states may come to feel that they are working with legitimate representatives.
	www.per-usa.org /osce_rnd.htm (3451 words)

	Myths and Facts about Roma
		Roma usually ascribe themselves some notable title in order to gain favours, safe-conducts, etc. It was still practised by Roma arriving in South America only one century ago, that claimed to be "princes of Egypt" or notables from somewhere else.
		Like Jews, Roma assume different behaviour standards for the relationships with their own people and for the interaction with the outsiders, so that we can state with certainty that the opposition Roma/Gadje and Jews/Goyim are regulated in a quite similar way, maybe identical in almost all details.
		All Roma living in Israel are fervent supporters of the State of Israel, because it is perhaps the only country where Roma do not feel as an alien minority but as a people living in their own homeland».
	www.imninalu.net /Roma.htm (11336 words)

	Extermination of Roma & Sinti
		Images from a temporary exhibition on the Extermination of the Roma and Sinti, "Zigeuner" according to the Nazi definitions, from Sachenhausen Concentration Camp, Oranienburg, outside Berlin, Summer, 2002.
		The first image identifies the structure of the SS led by Himmler that was in charge of the first destruction of the Roma and Sinti.
		The section on "race hygiene" led by Dr. Ritter was responsible for the designation of the Roma/Sinti as a "race." Categories of "half" gypsies were established similar to half-categories for Jews under the Nuremberg Law, 1935.
	www.chgs.umn.edu /Histories__Narratives__Documen/Roma___Sinti__Gypsies_/Extermination_of_Roma___Sinti/extermination_of_roma___sinti.html (239 words)

	Roma & Sinti (Gypsies)
		This is a Collection of Professor Ian Hancock, University of Texas at Austin, Member of the United States Holocaust Commission for the Roma and Sinti (Gypsies).
		Initially, this image was called "Unidentified Sinti girl peering from a Transport Wagon on its way to Auschwitz, 1943." Hans Vanderwerff from The Netherlands has indicated that she is not an unknown Sinti girl, rather her name is Settela Steinbach.
		Various images of Roma and Sinti children taken at Auschwitz, 1942-1944.Various images of Roma and Sinti children taken at Auschwitz, 1942-1944.
	www.chgs.umn.edu /Histories__Narratives__Documen/Roma___Sinti__Gypsies_/roma___sinti__gypsies_.html (610 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Ethnicity: Romani: History: Holocaust (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On Gypsies: The Roma victims of the Holocaust.
		Roma (Gypsies) in the Holocaust - O Porrajmos, "The Devouring", the Roma Holocaust.
		Sinti and Roma (Gypsies): Victims of the Nazi Era - Originally published by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum as a pamphlet titled "Sinti and Roma."
	dmoz.org /Society/Ethnicity/Romani/History/Holocaust (502 words)

	U.S. Support for Roma and Sinti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Roma in German-speaking countries are known as Sinti.
		The name "Gypsy," which Roma are more commonly called in English-speaking countries, is a corruption of the word "Egyptian," reflecting a mistaken belief that Roma had come from Egypt.
		The OSCE has a Contact Point for Roma and Sinti Issues, appointed in May. He has been active in advising the OSCE mission to Kosovo on issues relating to the Romani minority there.
	www.usembassy.it /file9911/alia/99111910.htm (525 words)

	THHP Question: Gypsies; Roma and Sinti
		The gypsies (properly the Roma and Sinta) were, indeed, targets of the genocide perpetrated by Hitler.
		At first the Roma and Sinta were considered "aryans" and the proposed "solution" was "re-education." This changed in about 1939 when the objective changed to extermination.
		Even at this point, there were differences between "settled" Roma and Sinta (treated as nationals of their country) and nomadic Roma and Sinta (immediate extermination).
	www.holocaust-history.org /questions/gypsies.shtml (307 words)

	ROMA TRANSLATION PROJECT
		The volume attempts to explain how Roma children came to be sent to the death camps by describing how policies of Roma persecution from 1875 onwards led to the establishment of the Race Hygiene research Centre in 1936.
		A vivid picture of life in a prewar Roma settlement on the edge of a Slovak village, the horrors of the war, and the exhilaration of the communist period.
		The author was the first Roma to attend Charles University in Prague and became a party official but she also witnessed the destruction of the Roma culture, language and way of life in this flase dawn.
	www.osi.hu /cpd/romalist2000.html (1898 words)

	The plight of the Dutch Sinti and Roma, 1942-1945
		The plight of the Dutch Sinti and Roma, 1942-1945
		The plight of the Sinti and Roma in the Netherlands
		Their fate often is referred to as the O Parrojmos - the Holocaust or rather, the Forgotten Holocaust and indeed that seems to be the case.
	www.cympm.com /gypsy.html (679 words)

	THE OSCE CHALLENGED - NHC/IHF - 2003
		The Maastricht OSCE Ministerial Council meeting was the culmination-point of the process of mainstreaming the Roma and Sinti issues as a durable component of the OSCE Human Dimension of the OSCE, by the endorsement by the OSCE-participating states of the Action Plan on Improving the Situation of Roma and Sinti within the OSCE Area.
		This “Roma document” is closely related to OSCE Action Plan, almost “mirroring” it, as it was formulated by one of the speakers in the Maastricht workshop.
		The Roma speakers underlined that their participation in the process of drafting a OSCE document of the calibre of the Action Plan provided them with an unique chance of learning more about the OSCE human dimension “culture”, its vision, commitments and organisational language.
	www.ihf-hr.org /booklet/toc12.php (803 words)

	Roma-Sinti Genocide (Parajmos) Resources - Prevent Genocide International
		Because the Roma communities of Eastern Europe were less organized than, say, the Jewish communities, it is more difficult to assess the actual number of victims, though it is believed to range from 200,000 to 800,000.
		The Gypsies, often called Roma or Sinti, are believed to have migrated westward from India about A.D. Most eventually settled in Europe, especially in the East, where their nomadic ways, dark skin, insular culture and strange customs made them targets for discrimination.
		The Austrian Roma Sidonie Adlersburg (born 1933 in Steyr), killed at Auschwitz in 1943.
	preventgenocide.org /edu/pastgenocides/nazi/parajmos/resources (2874 words)

	CENTRAL COMMITTEE CONCERN FOR ROMA/SINTI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		(Iasi, Romania, 22 October, 2000) - Advocacy and activity to empower and support Roma and Sinti communities are urged on CEC member churches by a decision of the Central Committee of the organisation, currently meeting in Iasi, Romania.
		The Committee also asked member churches to dedicate a specific time each year, at least between 2001 and 2003, as a time to both pray and meet with Sinti and Roma, encouraging appropriate activities according to the country or region.
		Suggestions were made of possible activities, such as inviting representatives to speak during worship or at special events, distributing information about Sinti and Roma organisations and projects, and possibly preparing an exhibition on the specific situation of the Sinti and Roma.
	www.cec-kek.org /News/CCRoma.htm (232 words)

	The Patrin Web Journal - Assaults on Truth and Memory
		Consider, for example, the example of the Sinti and Roma peoples (Gypsies, also called "Romani"), whom [Deborah] Lipstadt doesn't deign to accord so much as mention in her book.
		Her omission is no doubt due to an across-the-board and steadfast refusal of the Jewish scholarly, social and political establishments over the past fifty years to even admit the Gypsies were part of the Holocaust, a circumstance manifested most strikingly in their virtual exclusion from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC.
		Had the standards of "racial identity" applied to Jews been employed with regard to the Sinti and Roma, nine-tenths of Germany's 1939 Gypsy population would have survived the Holocaust.
	www.geocities.com /Paris/5121/truth_and_memory.htm (4437 words)

	Home
		The higher aim is the enlightenment against the prejudices towards Roma and their natural ways of behaviour.
		The attempt is to positively change the prejudice-laden image of the Roma in the world for both sides.
		For the Roma themselves, the RNS wants to establish a common identity will at the same time create a support network.
	www.romnews.com (120 words)

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