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	Roman legion Summary
		Much of Roman history of this era is founded on legends, but it is believed that during the reign of Servius Tullius, all Roman able-bodied, property-owning male citizens were first divided into five classes for military service based on wealth, since soldiers provided their own weapons and equipment.
		With each legion having 4,000–6000 legionaries usually supported by an equal number of auxiliary troops, the total force available to a legion commander during the Pax Romana probably ranged from 8,000–12,000 (With the more prestigious legions and those stationed on hostile borders or in restive provinces tending to be larger).
		In a Roman province with only one legion, the Legatus was also the provincial governor and in provinces with multiple legions, each legion had a Legatus and the provincial governor had overall command of them all.
	www.bookrags.com /Roman_legion (7856 words)

	Roman legion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The size of a typical legion varied widely throughout the history of ancient Rome, with complements ranging from 5000-6000 men in the republican period of Rome, to the fairly standard number of around 5,400 in the early and middle imperial period and finally to on average 1000-2000 men in the very late imperial period.
		Much of Roman history of this era is founded on legends, but it is believed that during the reign of Servius Tullius, all Roman able-bodied, property-owning male citizens were first divided into five classes for military service based on wealth, since soldiers provided their own weapons and equipment.
		With each legion having 4,000–6000 legionaries usually supported by an equal number of auxiliary troops, the total force available to a legion commander during the Pax Romana probably ranged from 8,000–12,000, with the more prestigious legions and those stationed on hostile borders or in restive provinces tending to be larger.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roman_legion (4914 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For much of Roman history the potential power of the legions was acknowledged in that they were legally excluded from Italy proper, they could not cross the Rubicon.
		In The Empire, the legion was a perfectly defined entity, with symbols and an individual history (see List of Roman legions and therein for details), where men were proud to serve.
		Numerous examples of legionary tombstones were the number and name of the legion he served on appear with the soldier's and family names, attest this.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/roman_legion.html (1000 words)

	Romans in Britain - The structure and ranks of a Roman legion
		The case fighting unit of the Roman army was the legion.
		Although the soldiers of the legion were Roman citizens, they were drawn from all walks of life and legions often consisted of natives from conquered countries..
		From the second half of the first century AD in at least some of the legions the first cohort was reorganised in five double strength centuries while the remainder continued to be organised in the old manner.
	www.romans-in-britain.org.uk /mil_legion_structure.htm (864 words)

	The Roman Army
		The Roman legions might have been defeated by Pyrrhus (and only survived due to a near endless resource of fresh troops) but the experience gathered by fighting such an able foe was to prove invaluable for the great contests that lay ahead.
		When the legion was on the march, the chief duty of the suveyors would be to go ahead of the army, perhaps with a cavalry detachment, and to seek out the best place for the night's camp.
		Roman society was governed by class and so in effect there was three separate army careers possible, that of the common soldier in the ranks, that of the equestrians and that for those destined for command, the senatorial class.
	www.roman-empire.net /army/army.html (13507 words)

	legion. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Within the legion was the cohort, consisting of one maniple of each of the three groups plus 120 velites and a cavalry unit about 30 strong.
		In Caesar’s time each legion had a commander who was responsible to the Senate, 6 tribunes, a legate, a prefect, and some 60 centurions.
		The characteristic emblems of the legions were eagles inscribed SPQR [Senatus Populusque Romanus—the Senate and the people of Rome], and they carried the eagles in triumph over the far reaches of the empire for hundreds of years.
	www.bartleby.com /65/le/legion.html (333 words)

	Life in the Roman Empire
		Romans enjoyed over 1101 years of dominance (from 625 BC to 476 AD), and are accredited with being the first ancient culture to "conquer the known world".
		Unlike most of the armies the Romans fought against, the Roman legions were well fed, rested and professionally trained in the arts of one-on-one combat and drilled on Roman warfare techniques.
		To ensure that the Roman legion did not fall victim to this strategy, it was the policy of all Roman soldiers to immediately kill anyone who turned to retreat.
	www.realarmorofgod.com /roman-era.html (1880 words)

	legions html Legion Formations
		The earliest legion is generally said to be the 45 unit legion as described by Livy and dates to the early part of the 4th century BC.
		The legion of Scipio is essentially the same as the earlier legion in its overall formation with the exception that the lines are much further apart, about 76m (250').
		The legion incorporated its own unique characteristics; among them were: the regular use of two and three lines, division of forces into centuries, maniples and cohorts, command by Centurions, use of trumpets and standards, and the tactics of the Pilum and Gladius.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Oracle/6622/legions.html (2905 words)

	Roman Army
		Nothing in the public life of the Romans bears such eloquent testimony to the orderly and practical spirit which gave them the mastery of the ancient world than their scientific method of encampment.
		The characteristic crossroad of the cardinal and decumanal paths that bisected the camp according to the compass form the center of numerous imperial cities throughout Italy, testifying to the influence of permanent Roman camps in the spread of Roman culture.
		The Roman festival procession at the head of a victorious army through the city of Rome to the Capitoline hill, the highest distinction accorded a victorious commander.
	web.ics.purdue.edu /~rauhn/roman_army.htm (432 words)

	The Glory That Was Rome - Main Page: Tactics Armor Arms Commanders Leaders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The core of the Roman legion consisted of heavily armored infantry.
		Most legions consisted of ten cohorts, one of which had a strength of ten full centuries (800 men) the remaining cohorts being of 6 or 7 centuries (480 to 560 men.) Each century was further divided into ten contubernium.
		390 - 454 A.D. The son of a Scythian soldier and a Roman noblewoman Aetius was held by the Visigoths and the Huns as an imperial hostage.
	infohistory.com /rome.html (3692 words)

	Roman Legion
		A full strength legion was officially made up of 6,000 men, but typically all legions were organized at under strength and generally consisted of approximately 5,300 fighting men including officers.
		Additionally each Legion had a 120 man Alae (cavalry unit) called the Eques Legionis permanently attached to it possibly to be used as scouts and messengers.
		In a province with only one legion, the Legatus was also the provincial governor and in provinces with multiple legions, each legion has a Legatus and the provincial governor has overall command of them all.
	www.unrv.com /military/legion.php (1171 words)

	Rome
		The empire was acquired and defended by the self-sufficient legions of the Roman Army.
		The Roman army of the late republic is often connected to the socalled Marian army reforms.
		Roman generals interested in gaining the loyalty of the troops were therefore keen on securing special discharge benefits for their men.
	www.geocities.com /delerius2001/Rome.htm (2606 words)

	Roman Legion
		Becoming an auxiliary in the Roman legions was a good job for a young man with wanderlust; the auxiliaries were shipped out to defend the empire?s frontiers.
		St Albans is a Roman Town where the 14th Roman Legion had their base, this was the most powerful Roman Legion in the whole of the Roman Army.
		Agaunum, in the diocese of Sion, Switzerland, owes its fame to an event related by St. Eucherius, Bishop of Lyons, the martyrdom of a Roman legion, known as the "Theban Legion", at the beginning of the fourth century.
	www.lycos.com /info/roman-legion.html (544 words)

	Roman Republican Legion
		The earliest Roman army was based originally on the Greek Phalanx system, and the legion continued to evolve from that origin, and from elements of Latin tribes in Italy.
		The Romans abandoned the use of the hoplite spear as its primary weapon of war and instead moved onto the large shield (scutum) and short sword (gladius) as their weapons, and corresponding tactics of choice.
		Though the Romans rarely had a time of complete peace throughout their history, there were times when it was conceivable that these citizen soldiers could spend a great deal of time working their own lands.
	www.unrv.com /military/roman-republican-legion.php (637 words)

	The Roman Theban Legion - All Martyred in 286 A.D.
		It was the custom of the Romans to move troops from extreme parts of the empire to avoid the problem of Roman-trained soldiers participating in uprisings to free their native lands.
		The Theban Legion was a Christian legion of soldiers during the reign of Diocletian.
		In the middle ages Saint Maurice was the patron saint of several of the roman dynasties of Europe, and later on of the Holy Roman emperors.
	www.bibleprobe.com /theban.html (3378 words)

	Roman legion - Questionz.net , answers to all your questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The need for more permanent legions only came when serious threats to the provinces started to appear (Jughurta in Numidia or the barbaric invasions of the beginning of the 1st century BC).
		Organization The legion was commanded by a legate or "legatus".
		Originally was the most prestigious unit, where wealthy young romans started to be noticed before the starting of the political career (cursus honorum).
	www.questionz.net /Military_history/Roman_legion.html (1113 words)

	Roman Army Part I
		The legion was the basic unit of Rome's standing army of career soldiers, the legionaries, who were all Roman citizens and fought primarily as foot-soldiers (infantry).
		Each century, cohort, and legion had its own standard; during battle and other activities, these were held by officers called standardbearers (general term signifer) who were marked out from other soldiers by the animal-head skins they wore on their heads, which can be clearly seen on this relief from Trajan's column.
		Since the time of Sulla, Roman legions were not allowed to be stationed in Rome or Italy, but in 27 BCE Augustus founded a new, elite organization, the praetorian guard, to serve as a permanent bodyguard for the emperor.
	vroma.rhodes.edu /~bmcmanus/romanarmy.html (1317 words)

	Legion XXIV - Roman Numerals Page
		Roman Numerals was the standard numbering system and method of Arithmetic in Ancient Rome and Europe until about 900 AD, when the Arabic Numbering System, which was originated by the Hindu's, came into use.
		Roman numerals was the standard, and as far as we know, the only number system used by the Romans and other ancient Europeans.
		Roman numerals were used primarily for counting, as the ancients had little use for, or understanding of "calculation" or arithmetic as we know it today.
	www.legionxxiv.org /numerals (701 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Roman legion
		In fact Scipio's victory at Zama was in part due to King Massinissa's Numidian Cavalry and the few "equites"?title=never acted either as shock troop as the Alexander's "Companions", or an efficient pursue force.
		The "pilum"?title=metal point bent hitting the enemy shield, thus rendering it as useless due to the additional encumbrance and the enemy discharged it.
		The "short whip"?title=was used for slave volunteers, volones, who comprised the majority of the army in the later years of the Roman Empire.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Roman_legion (4903 words)

	Roman Rule
		A last attempt to restore the former glory of the Hasmonean dynasty was made by Mattathias Antigonus, whose defeat and death brought Hasmonean rule to an end (40 BCE), and the Land became a province of the Roman Empire.
		In 37 BCE, Herod, a son-in-law of Hyrcanus II, was appointed King of Judea by the Romans.
		Superior Roman forces led by Titus were finally victorious, razing Jerusalem to the ground (70 CE) and defeating the last Jewish outpost at Masada (73 CE).
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/Romans.html (475 words)

	Legion XXIV - Roman Seige Ballista Catapulta
		Legion XXIV's two Catapulta Engines are of the "Euthytone" (stretched-straight) design, where the skeins and stanchions are in a straight line side to side within the head-frame.
		Legion XXIV may be the only historically accurate Roman reenactment unit in the United States fielding two artillery pieces.
		The Romans used horse hair, sinew, hemp and gut to fabricate their catapulta skeins, but due to a modern lack of horse hair rope and a short supply of neighborhood cats for gut, we had to cheat and use nylon rope which has characteristics similar to the ancient skein materials.
	www.legionxxiv.org /catapulta (3518 words)

	The Roman Army Page
		Although the soldiers of the legion were Roman citizens, this did not imply that they originated from the city of Rome or even Italy.
		These men were partly directly recruited from the Roman knights or the city councilmembers, but the greater part of the centurions had previously served as soldiers and NCO's in the legions or the praetorian cohorts.
		With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries.
	members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html (4085 words)

	Organization of the Roman Republican Legion
		The Republican legion was generally comprised of between 4,000 and 6,000 men, in various levels of infantry, with 4,200 apparently being the optimal number.
		Under this system the Legion was made of the Maniple formation, which generally consisted of 2 centuries of men.
		The cavalry of the Republican legion was limited to a rather small force by comparison to the infantry.
	www.unrv.com /military/organization-roman-republican-legion.php (543 words)

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