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Topic: Romanian music

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	Culture - Romanian Music
		Folk music is, on the one hand, the oldest form of Romanian musical creation, characterised by great vitality until our times, and on the other hand, a defining source of the cultured musical creation, both religious and lay.
		The religious musical creation, born under the influence of Byzantine music adjusted to the intonations of the local folk music, saw a period of glory between the 15th-17th centuries, when reputed schools of liturgical music developed within Romanian monasteries.
		Lay music had distinct characteristic traits in the Romanian Principalities until the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century.
	www.ici.ro /romania/en/cultura/m_istorie.html (560 words)

	Encyclopedia: Music of Romania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Banat (Romanian: Banat; Serbian: Ð‘Ð°Ð½Ð°Ñ‚ or Banat; German: Banat; Hungarian: BÃ¡nÃ¡t or BÃ¡nsÃ¡g; Slovak: BanÃ¡t) is a region in Southeastern Europe divided among three countries: the eastern part belongs to Romania (the counties of TimiÅŸ and CaraÅŸ-Severin), the western part to Serbia-Montenegro (the Serbian...
		The CsÃ¡ngÃ³s have a distinct Hungarian dialect and ancient music, and are known for a sort of percussive cello called a gardon.
		In the end of the 1990s, the Maramuzical music festival was organized to draw attention to the indigenous music of the area.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Music-of-Romania (3634 words)

	Culture - Modernity and the Avant-Garde in Romanian Music, 1920-1940
		Therefore, what primarily distinguishes the musical modernism from that of the other in the Romanian arts, is that its birth after 1920 is almost simultaneous and partially synonymous with the configuration of an original national art itself, at the general scale of our school of composition.
		The violence of the musical "gesture", the enthusiastic atmosphere, an acuity of the language, rather than a properly emotional one, are the principal elements which Romanian musical composition has lifted from the "barbarian style" initiated by Stravinski.
		Coming back to the landscape of Romanian musical composition after 1930,, first of all we have to notice that the most important bridge between the new decade and the modernism of the 1920s - that is the intentional "schocking", especially grotesque-comic treatment of the indigenous musical element - becomes gradually thinner towards the mid-1930s.
	www.prodlogsys.ici.ro /romania/en/cultura/m_muz2.html (3159 words)

	Music of Romania -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Hungarians from Transylvania are known for their vibrant musical cultures, especially around (additional info and facts about Hunedoara) Hunedoara and other areas, which are famous for hajnali songs and legényes men's dance.
		In the end of the (The decade from 1990 to 1999) 1990s, the Maramuzical (additional info and facts about music festival) music festival was organized to draw attention to the indigenous music of the area.
		The most widespread form of (A Balkan republic in southeastern Europe) Romanian (The traditional and typically anonymous music that is an expression of the life of people in a community) folk music is the (additional info and facts about doina) doina.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mu/music_of_romania.htm (1300 words)

	Romanian People
		The Romanians are descended from the Dacians, Romans, and such tribes as the Goths, Huns, and Slavs.
		Romanian is the nation's official language and is spoken by almost all the people.
		Romanians could not change their jobs or leave the country without the government's permission.
	www.public.asu.edu /~orlich/people.html (987 words)

	Romanian Gypsy Musicians
		Gypsy musicians working as purveyors of traditional music in rural villages as well as larger towns had to know the various regional repertoire, to be always prepared to acquire new music, and to creatively adapt older music for new occasions.
		The touchstone of Romanian traditional music is the cry of the gypsy on his violin, the dazzling virtuosity of the tambal (the chromatic, multi-stringed hammered dulcimer), and the lament of the gypsy singer, improvising vivid reverie which never fails to touch the heart of any Romanian.
		On the other hand, when engaged in music they are invested with special rights and authority (they are masters of ceremonies and their word is obeyed with no complaint or protest), and they suddenly become everybody's beloved friends, and are rewarded lavishly.
	www.pixton.org /TomsRomaniaGypsyPage.html (2846 words)

	Romanian-Portal.com - Romanian Folk Arts & Music
		Romanian peasant costumes are distinctive to their regions, their geographic and climatic conditions, local occupations and crafts, and to ancient ceremonial traditions.
		Romanian folk song and dance is a rowdy, joyous music, best witnessed during one of the many seasonal or traditional festivals around the country.
		The intensely rhythmic music is made primarily from three instruments: the cetera, a high-piercing violin; the zongora, a larger fiddle, and the doba, a goatskin and wood drum.
	www.romanian-portal.com /us/eng/about_romania.asp?id=32 (672 words)

	Romania's Music Legacy
		The oldest layer of Romanian music was laid down in rural villages, where the Celts left their legacy as they passed from east to west in the early Middle Ages, says Mateiescu.
		Romanian song, she says, "is a very personal expression, at ease, deep, and emotional." The rhythmic subdivisions of Romanian music, she says, are often five or seven, rather than the familiar two or three familiar in the West; these unfamiliar metric foundations furnish, for western ears, an exotic tension.
		Mateiescu's earliest musical experience was the singing of her mother, a Romanian language teacher, who had studied music.
	www.princetoninfo.com /200012/01206p01.html (1622 words)

	"Female composers in Romania"
		Her diploma paper is entitled "Originality of the Romanian music as seen in the musical works of Enescu, Jora, and Paul Constantinescu." In 1962, she was appointed to the teaching staff of the Academy of Music of Bucharest where she taught harmony, counterpoint, and musical forms.
		Her music is highly poetic, for the composer feels that the spell of poetic verse should be extended into music.
		This composer studied at the Academy of Music of Bucharest with the faculty of composition from 1977 to 1981.
	www.iawm.org /articles_html/odgescu_romanian_composers.html (4182 words)

	My Sound of Music Project- History of Romanian Music
		On the model of the Latin Scholae of Western Europe, in the Romanian principalities (Tarile Romane) appeared the Schola Bistricensis (at Bistrita), the Schola Latina (at Cotnari)Schola Cornensis (at Brasov), the Collegium Bethlenianum (at Alba Iulia), where music was taught as part of the Septem artes liberales (the seven liberal arts).
		Musicology, musical criticism, folklorism, musical aestethics, and Byzantinism surged to the level of universal science owing to personalities such as George Breazul, Constantin Brailoiu, Dimitrie Cuclin, Ioan D. Petrescu, Mihail Jora, Emanoil Ciomac.
		Romanian presence at international festivals gained a new dimension but not only by stability, but also by the massive participation of the young musicians.
	www.geocities.com /petrudumitru/mysound/history_romanianmusic.html (1391 words)

	Romanian Music MP3
		In addition to much music of the state supported neo folk music that comprised the Electrecord catalog, there were a number of excellent recordings of local and regional ensembles.
		It was decreed that music was a suitable form of entertainment and education for the masses and music shops were scattered over most towns and cities.
		The music forms part of the great sphere of string orchestras that spread from Southern Poland, through Slovakia,the Czech Republic, Hungary and most of the Transylvanian region of Romania.
	aris.ss.uci.edu /rgarfias/kiosk/romania.html (636 words)

	BBC - Radio 3 - World - Guide to World Music: Romania
		The village band from the village of Budatelke (Budesti in Romanian) in northern Mezoség, led by Ioan 'Nuncu' Hârlet.
		Music from a tragically vanished people in Transylvania revived with the help of two veteran Gypsy musicians who played alongside Jews before the war.
		Szászcsávás (Ceuad in Romanian) is a predominantly Hungarian village in the Kis-Kükülló region of Transylvania.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio3/world/guideromaniad.shtml (1866 words)

	Untitled Document
		Romanian scholars point out that the difference between the doina and the ballad, or cîntec batrînesc is minimal and entirely based on a distinction between a lyric form one the one hand and an epic or narrative on the other.
		The bocet shows such sharp parallels to other highly stylized musical forms of personal expressions of grief found throughout the Islamic world that one is prepared to accept that this form also has in origins in Turkish practice.
		As a style which is strongly Romanian in its fundamental form and character, nonetheless in its incorporation of such foreign elements as were popular during the period of its development, these forms of the cîntec de pahar also represent what may be at the limits of the furthest cultural outreach of Ottoman Turkish cultural influence.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Arts/music/Ethnomusic/Ethoworld/Romanian.htm (2894 words)

	Robert Garfias Doina Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		There is no other form of musical expression which in the minds of the general population of the Socialist Republic of Romania conjures up so clearly the essence of all its music, and, indeed, the best of the entire artistic expression of the culture as does the doina.
		Although the doina as it is performed today is distinctively Romanian in character, it is significant that the area in which it survives today, with the exception of Maramures, represents that part of Romania in which the Turkish influence was strongest.
		Thus the roots of these forms of Romanian urban Gypsy song are mixed with elements of Romanian folk Doina and then overlaid with various popular urban stylistic elements, notable among these are the Greek and Turkish.
	archiver.ss.uci.edu /doina/doina2.html (2660 words)

	Romanian Collections at the Library of Congress
		The Romanian collections at the Library of Congress are the largest in the Americas and probably the largest outside of Romania and Moldova.
		The collections of belles-lettres in the original Romanian and in English translation are particularly strong for the 19th and early 20th century; literary criticism is also extensive for that time period.
		There are card catalogs for the considerable printed music, such as scores and sheet music, and the collections are quite rich in the area of sound recordings.
	www.loc.gov /rr/european/coll/roma.html (2000 words)

	Gypsy Music: an overview by Michal Shapiro
		Thus the music that they absorbed in one country would then be blended with the music of the next country they occupied, giving it a unique and new feeling.
		Flamenco music is probably Europe’s most famous folk music, and though many Spaniards may tell you that flamenco is NOT solely a Gypsy invention, their contribution is so formidable, that they have become synonymous with it.
		The music that Hungarian Roma played while busking on the street, or in the country is quite different, entirely a capella, with the exception of hand clapping and milk-can percussion.
	www.rootsworld.com /rw/feature/gypsy1.html (4025 words)

	CLUAS \| Album Reviews \| Fanfare Ciocarlia 'Iag Bari'
		In a culture not far removed from the traditional music scene in the west of Ireland, the band made their way as parochial accomplished amateurs to a level of excellence which had them noticed by a German agent talent scouting post-Ceaucescu Romania.
		Perfect wedding music, though at a pace that'll be a bit tough for waltzers at a country n' Irish weddings.
		This is powerful, tender, big-hearted and dangerously exciting music that's fit to lift the spirits and raise parties from the dead.
	www.cluas.com /Music/albums/fanfare-ciocarlia.htm (547 words)

	Jewish Music in Romania
		The music of Di Naye Kapelye attempts to recreate the kind of Jewish music that might have been heard before the mass emigration of East European Jews to America at the turn of the 20th century.
		When I began to record music in Romania in the late 1980s, many of the elder Gypsy musicians I approached in Transylvania enthusiastically played Jewish tunes for me, alongside the Romanian and Transylvanian Hungarian music I was asking after.
		The elder generation of Romanian and Gypsy folk fiddlers often have pieces of klezmer origin in their repertoires, although this is becoming rarer these days.
	www.dinayekapelye.com /jmromania.htm (1678 words)

	Gipsy Things, Gypsy Things
		While this is not folk music in the Bob Dylan mold, these are songs whose goal is to entertain or comfort folks who don't have Dolby sound systems and 56K fax modems.
		The music is not the hyper-speed rhythm of its Serbian and Romanian neighbors.
		While their music is not authentic flamenco, the success has kindled interest in the real stuff: the gut-wrenching, throat-ripping music that first boiled up from Andalusia in the 1600s.
	www.rootsworld.com /rw/feature/gipsy.html (3222 words)

	Balkanarama: Serbia
		Frula Show is a Serbian band in the U.S. Orkestar Oplenac may also be based in the U.S. The Sonia Marinkovich Ensemble at the University of Novi Sad houses ethnic orchestras, a dance ensemble and other cultural activities.
		The Amala School near Valjevo offers workshops in Serbian Rom music, dance and folklore, and has a good collection of more than 40 songs and lyrics from former Yugoslavia.
		Vojvodina, an autonomous region near the Hugarian and Romanian borders.
	www.balkanarama.com /serbia.htm (289 words)

	Passion Music mail-order CDs: Romanian and Balkan Gypsy Folk Music 04 Ethnophonie Folk Label - Taraf De Haidouks and ...
		Music led by the violin and the ancient cobza (lute type instrument).
		Transylvanian folk music in 3 parts: first from a Romanian viewpoint, then Hungarian, and then aspects common to both.
		Musicians from various villages, all masters of their art and expertly recorded, making for a splendid all round representation of living Romanian folk music as it is today.
	www.passiondiscs.co.uk /romanian01/romanian_page_04.htm (746 words)

	EOL 7 CD review: Romanian music
		The second is that after playing jazz and popular music in various venues around Europe, he went on to receive a performance degree on the panflute from the Berklee College of Music.
		This is not a synthesis of jazz and Romanian music; rather it is a more traditional mix of timbres, modes and styles which reflects both the permeability of the borders of the Balkan region and Draghici's own status as a transnational musician.
		The emphasis is on the commonalities of musical language among Turkish, Bulgarian, Indian, Greek and Romanian traditions and on the smooth integration of western instruments into a pan-Balkan sound.
	www.research.umbc.edu /eol/7/camino (758 words)

	Joys of Music Project - Romanian Contemporary Music
		Better told, the music is the answer of all the problems, is the moral sustainer of our troubles, that "stimulating thing" which can change easily our physical state.
		The musical styles which marked the 60s are twist, rumba and fox (especially the middle one).
		The communist regime has also influenced the music- Angela Similea is forced to perform "The Yellow Train" (the idea of the song- the subway big success of the regime).
	www.geocities.com /petrud98/joysofmusic/folk_romcontemp.html (1128 words)

	Iannis Xenakis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In 1947 he arrived in Paris, where he became a member of Le Corbusier's architectural team, producing his first musical work, Metastasis, only in 1954, based on the design for the surfaces of the Philips pavilion to be built for the Brussels Exposition of 1958.
		Other interests were in electronic music (Bohor, 1962), ancient Greek drama (used in several settings) and instrumental virtuosity (Herma for piano, 1964; Nomos alpha for cello, 1966).
		His later output, chiefly of orchestral and instrumental pieces, is large, many works from the mid-1970s onwards striking back from modernist complexity to ostinatos and modes suggestive of folk music.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/xenakis.html (179 words)

	The Honorary Consulate of Romania in Detroit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Two essential sources are the basis of the native music, namely the folk music of the Daco-Roman ancestors and the Christian religious creation of Byzantine origin.
		Romanian musical life experienced a radical detachment from the Oriental and Balkan cultures.
		Today, Romanian and foreign concert halls still reverberate with the applause won by geniuses of Romanian music: George Enescu, Ciprian Porumbescu, George Georgescu, Constantin Silvestri, Ionel Perlea, Sergiu Celibidache, Ion Voicu, Dinu Lipatti, Hariclea Darclee, Nicolae Herlea entered the international constellation of music thanks to their art of interpreting the noble language of music.
	www.romanianconsulate.com /music.htm (308 words)

	Romanian folk dance music
		Batrineasca Din Bocovina is a fun Romanian dance with a catchy tune from the Bucovina region in north Moldavia.
		An unusual exception to the rule from Oltenia, Dianca is a Romanian dance in 11/8 + 9/8 meters.
		Oas Dance is an example of very typical music from Oas, one of the most interesting sub-regions of Transylvania.
	www.dunav.org.il /balkan_music_romanian.html (860 words)

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