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Topic: Romanus II

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Nicephorus II

Alexander III (emperor)

Michael VII

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Constantine VIII

Romanus IV

Romanus III

John I Tzimisces

Nicephorus III

Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire

Constantine X

Zoe (empress)

Michael VI

Otto II

Constantine IX

	BASIL (Vasilios) II BULGAROCTONUS THE GREATEST HELLENE EMPEROR
		Basil was the son of Romanus II and Theophano and was crowned co-emperor with his brother Constantine in 960, but as minors both he and his brother remained in the background.
		The ruthlessness and tenacity that served Basil II in his military and diplomatic activities were displayed in his domestic policy as well.
		Both in near-contemporary history and in manuscript illustrations, Basil II is pictured as a short, well-proportioned figure, with brilliant light-blue eyes, a round face, and full, bushy whiskers, which he would twirl in his fingers when angry or while giving an audience.
	www.agiasofia.com /emperors/basilb.html (1449 words)

	List of Byzantine Emperors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Tiberius II Constantine (540-582, ruled 578 - 582) — father-in-law of a grand-nephew of Justin I; Count of the Excubitors under Justin II; adopted by Justin II in 574
		Romanus II Porphyrogentius (939-963, ruled 959 - 963) — son of Constantine VII
		Nicephorus II Phocas (912-969, ruled 963 - 969) — married Romanus II's widow; step-father of Basil II and Constantine VIII
	www.1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_byzantine_emperors.html (1469 words)

	Romanus II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Death of Romanus II Romanus II (939–963) succeeded his father Constantine VII as Byzantine emperor in 959 at the age of twenty-one, and died, poisoned, it was believed, by his wife Theophano, in 963.
		As a child he was married to Bertha, the illegitimate daughter of Hugh of Arles, King of Italy, but, with Hugh out of power in Italy and dead by 947, and Bertha herself dead in 949, Romanus secured the promise from his father that he would be allowed to select his own bride.
		Romanus' choice fell on an innkeeper's daughter named Anastaso, whom he married and renamed Theophano.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Romanus_II (182 words)

	Rodolphe Guilland, "Les Eunuques dans l'Empire Byzantin" (English)
		II 512; Zonaras III 588-589), Constantine distinguished himself as a governor and was appointed Domestikos of the Scholes of the East (Cedr.
		II 271), had a father of humble origin but who was pious and honest; a dream told him that his son was destined for a high position (Theoph.
		Romanus II chose as paradynastos Joseph Bringas, a patrician, praepositus, drungaire of the fleet, and parakimomenos.
	www.well.com /user/aquarius/guilland-eunuques.htm (13232 words)

	Basil II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Basil II "Bulgaroktonus" (in Greek Basilios Bulgaroktonos, written Βασίλειος Βουλγαροκτόνος (958 – December 15, 1025)) Byzantine emperor (January 10, 976 – December 15, 1025) led the Byzantine Empire to its greatest heights in nearly five centuries.
		Because he and his brother, the future Emperor Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire (ruled 1025-1028), were too young to reign in their own right, Basil's mother Theophano married one of Romanus' leading generals, who took the throne as the Emperor Nicephorus II Phocas in 963.
		Finally, on July 29, 1014, Basil II cornered the Bulgarian army and forced it to fight at the Battle of Kleidion, with Samuil several miles away from the battlefield.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Basil_II (1634 words)

	List of Byzantine Emperors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Justinian II Rhinotmetus (the Slit-nosed) (668-711, ruled 685 - 695) – son of Constantine IV
		Romanus II Porphyrogentius (939-963, ruled 959 - 963) – son of Constantine VII
		Constantine VIII Porphyrogenitus (960-1028, ruled 1025 - 1028) – son of Romanus II, brother of Basil II
	www.lexington-fayette.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Byzantine_Emperor (1544 words)

	Christian History Handbook: Medieval: Lecture Ten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		While Romanus I Lacapenus had arranged a treaty with one of the petty warlords of tenth century Italy the marriage which was to seal the treaty was prevented by the bride's death.
		Romanus II and the Minority of Basil II The short reign of Emperor Romanus II (959-962) saw the beginning of a surge of conquest and expansion over the next quarter century that brought the Macedonian Dynasty to the apex of its power.
		She was, of course, the daughter of past Emperor, Romanus II, and the niece of the reigning Emperor, John Tzimisces.
	www.sbuniv.edu /~hgallatin/ht34632e10.html (6820 words)

	Nicephorus II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nicephorus II Phocas was one of the most brilliant generals in the history of Byzantium who rose to become a mediocre emperor in 963.
		Upon the death of Romanus II, he returned to Constantinople to defend himself against the intrigues of the minister Joseph Bringas.
		On his northern frontier he began a war against the Bulgars, to whom the Byzantines had of late been paying tribute (967), and by instigating an attack from Svyatoslav I of Kiev, distracted their attention effectively.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nicephorus_II (621 words)

	Gordian II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		He followed a senatorial career and on this path became governor of the province of Achae and later consul.
		Gordian II was, it is said, a very fat man who got along very well with his father.
		Gordian II led whatever troops he had against Capellianus, trying to defend the city.
	www.roman-empire.net /decline/gordian-II.html (585 words)

	Nicephorus Phocas
		The emperor Romanus II named him commander of a wartime expedition to liberate Crete (which had been controlled by the Arabs-Saracens ever since 826), at great cost to Aegean populations and international commerce.
		After the death of Romanus II on March 15, 963, the situation in the capital changed.
		The people of Constantinople, aroused by Basil the chamberlain (illegitimate son of Romanus Lecapenus), revolted against Bringas, and the imperial army, through the intermediation of John Tzimisces, and Romanus Kourkouas, Nicephorus' faithful lieutenants, "obliged" the soldier to accept the crown at Caesarea (capital of Cappadokia) on July 3, 963, and to march against Constantinople.
	www.agiasofia.com /emperors/niceph.html (1838 words)

	THEOPHANO - LoveToKnow Article on THEOPHANO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		956-991), wife of the Roman emperor Otto II., was a daughter of the Eastern emperor Romanus II., and passed her early years amid the tragic and changing fortunes which beset the court of Constantinople.
		Otto the Great having procured her betrothal to his son Otto II., she was married to him and crowned empress at Rome by Pope John XIII.
		Theophano died at Nimwegen on the isth of June 991, and was buried in the church of St Pantaleon at Cologne.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TH/THEOPHANO.htm (993 words)

	Romanus -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Romanus was a cardinal when elected pope in August amidst the chaotic aftermath of Pope Stephen VI's murder.
		The son of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, Romanus was a politically incapable ruler who left affairs of state to the eunuch Joseph Bringas and military affairs to Nicephorus Phocas; Nicephorus became emperor after Romanus' death with the help of Romanus' widow, Theophano.
		Romanus was admiral of the Byzantine fleet on the Danube when, hearing of the defeat of the army at Achelous (917), he resolved to sail for Constantinople.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9083841?tocId=9083841 (311 words)

	Romanus II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The dies are re-used solidus dies of Constantine, but with the reverse legend obliterated by over-cutting.
		Romanus is reputed to have had scant interest in governing, leaving the administration of the empire to his wife, Theophano, and a group of advisors led by Joseph Bringas.
		There seems to have been little incentive to produce a coinage in the name of this ineffectual ruler, his only other solidi being two rare types, both of which were thought to survive in unique specimens at the time the DOC catalogue was compiled.
	www.beastcoins.com /Byzantine/RomanusII/RomanusII.htm (210 words)

	Encyclopedia: Romanus II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Encyclopedia: Romanus II Updated 131 days 23 hours 52 minutes ago.
		Hugh of Arles was born sometime before 887, the son of Theobald of Arles and of Bertha, illegitimate daughter of Lothar II of Lotharingia.
		death of romanus ii This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Romanus-II (642 words)

	Romanus II
		Romanus II Romanus II, 939–63, Byzantine emperor (959–63), son and successor of Constantine VII.
		Nicephorus II - Nicephorus II (Nicephorus Phocas), c.912–969, Byzantine emperor (963–69).
		Basil II - Basil II, c.958–1025, Byzantine emperor (976–1025), surnamed Bulgaroktonos [Bulgar...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0842321.html (143 words)

	The Macedonian Epoch (867-1081)
		In the year 944 the sons of Romanus Lecapenus forced their father to abdicate and retire to a monastery, and declared themselves emperors.
		His reign ceased when he was slain, and the throne passed to John Tzimisces (969-76), who claimed the imperial title because he had married Theodora, a sister of Romanus II and a daughter of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus.
		Zoe survived him, and at the age of about fifty-six married her lover, Michael the Paphlagonian, who was proclaimed emperor at his wife's entreaty, and ruled as Michael IV the Paphlagonian from 1034 to 1041.
	www.historyofmacedonia.org /RomanMacedonia/MacedonianEpoch.htm (1183 words)

	Maximilian Genealogy Master Database 2000 - pafg476 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Romanus II of BYZANTIUM [Parents] was born 929.
		She married Romanus II of BYZANTIUM on 956.
		Frederick II of Swabia HOHENSTAUFEN was born 1090 and died 4 Apr 1147.
	www.peterwestern.f9.co.uk /maximilia/pafg476.htm (135 words)

	Jere's Ars Magica Saga: Byzantine Timeline
		The Byzantine armies of Basil II overrun Macedonia and defeat the Bulgarians at Vidin.
		Hungary's Stephen II is defeated in battle by the Byzantine Emperor John II Komnenos who supports claims to the throne by Bela, blinded by the late Hungarian king Solomon.
		Roger II of Sicily seizes Kerkyra (Corfu), and plunders Corinth and Thebes.
	www.geocities.com /leucretia/bginfo/timeline.html (3719 words)

	Romanus II - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Romanus II - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Death of Romanus II Romanus II (939 - 963) succeeded his father Constantine VII as Byzantine emperor in 959 at the age of twenty-one, and died, poisoned, it was believed, by his wife, Theophano in 963.
		The article about Romanus II contains information related to Romanus II and Sources.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Romanos_II (200 words)

	BASIL II. - LoveToKnow Article on BASIL II. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		9581025), known as BTJLGAROKTONOS (slayer of Bulgarians), Roman emperor in the East, son of Romanus II.
		The administration remained in the hands of the eunuch Basileios (an illegitimate son of Romanus I.), president of the senate, a wily and gifted man, who hoped that the young emperors would be his puppets.
		The fall of Basileios followed; he was punished withexile and the confiscation of his enormous property.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BA/BASIL_II_.htm (911 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Romanus
		Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > S > Pope Romanus
		Prayer was made without ceasing by the Church unto God for Peter.
		Rom., I (Leipzig, 1888), 441; DUCHESNE, Liber Pontificalis, II (Paris, 1892), 230; MANN, Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, IV (London, 1910), 86 sq.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13163b.htm (217 words)

	BASIL (Vasilios) II BULGAROCTONUS THE GREATEST HELLENE EMPEROR
		Basil was the son of Romanus II and Theophano and was crowned co-emperor with his brother Constantine in 960, but as minors both he and his brother remained in the background.
		The ruthlessness and tenacity that served Basil II in his military and diplomatic activities were displayed in his domestic policy as well.
		Both in near-contemporary history and in manuscript illustrations, Basil II is pictured as a short, well-proportioned figure, with brilliant light-blue eyes, a round face, and full, bushy whiskers, which he would twirl in his fingers when angry or while giving an audience.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/emperors/basilb.html (1457 words)

	Byzantine Coins of Cherson
		Romanus II, Nicehorus II, John I, Basil II and Constantine VIII
		Hahn give the attribution to Justin II and calls it "secure." It may well be that the "M" and "K" types began under Justin II, but the Hahn paper presents no convincing evidence.
		If we postulate this type began under Justin II, it is hard to explain why it pops up again under Maurice with a 12-year gap from the end of Justin II (578) until Maurice (582-602) promotes Theodosius to Caesar (May 26, 590).
	esty.ancients.info /Cherson (4300 words)

	List of Byzantine Emperors : Byzantine emperor
		Romanus II Porphyrogentius, (939-963, ruled 959 - 963)
		Romanus III Argyrus, (968-1034, ruled 1028 - 1034)
		Romanus IV Diogenes (1032-1072, co-emperor 1067 - 1071)
	www.findword.org /by/byzantine-emperor.html (880 words)

	Byzantine Genealogy
		ROMANUS I Lecapenus co-ruler with Constantine VII 17th Dec 920 - 16th Dec 944, father-in-law of Constantine VII.
		ROMANUS II ruler under Romanus I from 6th Apr 945; ruler 9th Nov 959 - 15th Mar 963, son of Constantine VII, born 939.
		ROMANUS IV Diogenes ruler 1st Jan 1068 - 19th Aug 1071; deposed and blinded, married the widow of Constantine X; murdered 1072.
	www.aoti76.dsl.pipex.com /byz_gen.htm (1795 words)

	The Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Stephen and Constantine Lecapenus were co-Emperors with their father Romanus, who had overshadowed Constantine VII - in 944, impatient to suceed to full authority, they rebelled against Romanus and had him exiled.
		Basil and Constantine had no authority at all and, at the death of Romanus, were entirely superceded by military Junta leaders for a time.
		Ironically, the last dynasty (Vaudemont) had been transplanted from Lorraine into Tuscany, and the last Emperor of all (Francis II) was a serious, capable, and studious fellow with a very Roman sense of gravitas, who was born in and spent his youth amidst the sunny hills of central Italy.
	www.hostkingdom.net /empire.html (1704 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Romanus II
		Science Fair Projects - Romanus II All Science Fair Projects
		Romanus II Romanus II (939 - 963) succeeded his father Constantine VII as Byzantine emperor in 959 at the age of twenty-one, and died, poisoned, it was believed, by his wife, Theophanu in 963.
		As a child he was married to Bertha, the illegitimate daughter of Hugh of Arles, King of Italy, but, with Hugh out of power in Italy and dead in 947, after Bertha died in 949 Romanus secured the promise from his father that he would be allowed to select his own bride.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Romanus_II (317 words)

	AllRefer.com - Basil II (Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Basil II c.958–1025, Byzantine emperor (976–1025), surnamed Bulgaroktonos [Bulgar slayer].
		With his brother, Constantine VIII, he nominally succeeded his father, Romanus II, in 963, but had no share in the government during the rule of the usurping generals Nicephorus II (963–69) and John I (969–76).
		Basil suppressed (976–89) a series of revolts of the great landowners led by Bardus Sclerus and revived and strengthened the laws directed against them by Romanus I.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/Basil2.html (278 words)

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