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| | BERNARD, SAINT - Online Information article about BERNARD, SAINT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20) |
 | | The growth of national kingdoms, the anti-clerical tendencies of the emancipated middle classes, the competition of lay imperialisms, and all the other elements of resistance which had been encountered by the papacy in its progress and had at first' tended only to shackle it, now presented an insurmountable barrier. |
 | | exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong) |
 | | Through this, and his excessive subservience to Philip the Fair, his reign proved the reverse of salutary to the Church. |
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