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Topic: Rossby parameter

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	Which Way Will my Bathtub Drain?
		Experiments have been done in both the northern and southern hemispheres to verify that under carefully controlled conditions, bathtubs drain in opposite directions due to the Coriolis acceleration from the Earth's rotation (2).
		Coriolis accelerations are significant when the Rossby number is SMALL.
		So, suppose we assume a Rossby number of 0.1 and a bathtub-vortex length scale of 0.1 meter.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/physics/General/bathtub.html (554 words)

	Rossby wave - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rossby (or planetary) waves are large-scale motions in the ocean or atmosphere whose restoring force is the variation in Coriolis effect with latitude.
		Rossby waves are generated by atmospheric forcing from winds and buoyancy effects from solar heating and are the principal means by which localised climatic effects drive the global response of the ocean.
		Rossby, C-G (1939), Relation between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the displacements of the semi-permament centers of action, J.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rossby_wave (376 words)

	Encyclopedia: Rossby wave
		Carl-Gustav Arvid Rossby (December 28, 1898 – August 19, 1957) was a Swedish-US meteorologist who first explained the large_scale motions of the atmosphere in terms of fluid mechanics.
		The group velocity of a wave is the velocity with which the overall shape of the waves amplitude (known as the envelope of the wave) propagates through space.
		The Rossby parameter is a nondimensional number used in geophysics and meteorology which arises due to the northward variation of the Coriolis force caused by the spherical shape of the Earth.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Rossby-wave (942 words)

	C. G. Rossby (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Rossby was born in Stockholm on 28 December 1898 and graduated from the University of that city.
		Rossby's personal contributions to the scientific literature do not, in point of numbers, make up a formidable bibliography, but in point of quality and originality some of them stand very high.
		From this time until after his translation back to Stockholm, Rossby's main thinking was devoted to the large-scale problems, stimulated as it was by the rapid increase in observational data from the free atmosphere.
	www.magma.ca /~jdreid/Rossby.htm (608 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Long first-mode baroclinic Rossby (or planetary) waves, the subject of this study, are westward propagating distortions on the density interface between these two layers with length scales on the order of 1000 km and temporal scales on the order of 1 year.
		The generation of baroclinic Rossby waves depends on physical mechanisms that introduce perturbations in the potential vorticity field, namely: mean flow over topography, long term (seasonal) variability of the wind stress curl, stochastic variability of the wind stress curl, coupling between barotropic and baroclinic modes, baroclinic instability and potential vorticity advection.
		The surface of the ocean is distorted by the passage of a baroclinic planetary wave in proportion to the distortion of the main thermocline.
	www.ltid.inpe.br /dsr/polito/home_html/rwna/node1.html (881 words)

	GENERATION OF ZONAL TRANSPORT BY WEAKLY NONLINEAR ROSSBY WAVES
		Rossby waves and their interactions were studied experimentally in the 13-m "Coriolis'' rotating tank.
		Rossby (planetary) waves (linear disturbances propagating along medium) and synoptic vortices (cyclones and anticyclones in the atmosphere, synoptic rings in the oceans - nonlinear structures carrying medium with them) are the main examples of synoptic(-scale) motions in the nature (called geostrophic turbulence).
		The amplitude of the zonal transport accounts for a few percent of the barotropic Rossby radius (i.e., of the order tens of kilometers in the oceans) and is comparable with that of generated by large-amplitude Rossby wave packets (e.g., LaCasce and Speer, 1997).
	www.iahr.org /membersonly/grazproceedings99/doc/000/000/289.htm (2431 words)

	Rossby wave - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		is the Rossby parameter, and k is the total wavenumber.
		Rossby waves are generated by atmospheric forcing from winds and buoyancy effects from solar heating and are the principle means by which localised climatic effects drive the global response of the ocean.
		Evidence for bottom-trapped topographic Rossby waves from single moorings ([Contribution...
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /rossby_wave.htm (478 words)

	[No title]
		Increasing the friction coefficient has the opposite effect on the oscillation from increasing the Coriolis parameter in the f-plane experiments: the period shortens and the amplitude decreases (index and all diagnostics standard deviation except the meridional overturning, whose response hesitates between increasing with the mean overturning or decreasing with the variation of the temperature field).
		As an alternative to viscous boundary waves and Rossby waves, the adjustment process may imply geostrophic potential vorticity (PV hereafter) waves on the mean stratification, since the northward rising of the thermocline induces a westward propagation of anomalies similar to the b-effect (see section 5d).
		The geometry, parameters and forcing remained the same as in the control run, except that now the mixing tensor was rotated along isopycnal coordinates (the background vertical diffusivity was not changed from the control run).
	www.ifremer.fr /lpo/thuck/jpo2.html (13011 words)

	The Beta-drift of Three Dimensional Vortices: A numerical study Abstract
		If the Rossby number associated with the asymmetric flow is small, to the lowest order, the asymmetric pressure gradient force at the vortex center is balanced by the Coriolis force associated with the beta-drift of the vortex.
		Rossby's theoretical explanation of beta-drift was based on the analysis of resultant force and energetics of a solid-body rotation vortex in which asymmetric vortex circulation was not permitted.
		Rossby (1948) estimated the resultant environmental pressure gradient force on a solid-body rotation vortex which is directed westward and exactly balances the Coriolis force, so that the vortex moves northward.
	www.soest.hawaii.edu /users/bwang/bw/pubs/20.html (2052 words)

	parameter in TutorGig Encyclopedia
		In statistics, a nuisance parameter is a parameter which is not of immediate interest, which nonetheless must be accounted in the analysis of some other parameters.
		The Rossby parameter is a nondimensional number used in geophysics and meteorology which arises due to the northward...
		The Immirzi parameter also known as the Barbero Immirzi parameter is a numerical coefficient appearing in loop quantum gravity, a nonperturbative theory of quantum gravity.
	www.tutorgig.com /es/parameter (929 words)

	The Radius of Deformation and Geostrophic flow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The (Rossby) Radius of Deformation and Geostrophic flow
		Using the following data, please calculate the Rossby radius of deformation for the Black Sea.
		Note that the density field (here displayed using sigma-t) is given by the solid line in the middle panel, and the dashed line in the same paenl is your old friend E, the stability parameter.
	gyre.umeoce.maine.edu /SMS330/problem9/problem9.html (413 words)

	SOC Internal Document 54
		Thus the generation, propagation and speed of Rossby waves in models is an important indication of their ability to respond to remote forcing and the time taken to reach a new equilibrium.
		However such Rossby waves are for anomalous conditions; instead we examine the properties of Rossby waves in models in which the current field and background density structure are in quasi-equilibrium with the atmospheric forcing.
		Rossby waves are not explicitly coded into these models; they are simply a series of solutions to the equations of motion on a rotating surface with varying surface forcing.
	www.soc.soton.ac.uk /JRD/SAT/BlueSkies/SOC_Report_54/Report_54.html (8158 words)

	Fluid Dynamics Laboratory: Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In the shallow water approximation R^2=(gH)^(1/2)/\beta in which, \beta is the meridional gradient of the Coriolis parameter at the equator, g is the acceleration of gravity, and H is the mean fluid depth.
		The wave height decreases exponentially from the side wall with e-folding length scale equal to the Rossby deformation radius c/f, in which f is the Coriolis parameter and c is the phase speed of the wave in the along boundary direction.
		Explicitly, the Coriolis parameter is given approximately by f \simeq f_0 + \beta y in which y is the meridional distance from some fixed latitude where the Coriolis parameter is f_0, and \beta (from which the ``beta plane'' gets its name) is the meridional gradient of f at that fixed latitude.
	www.math.ualberta.ca /~bruce/glossary.html (9920 words)

	AMS Glossary
		The Rossby parameter, usually treated as a constant, is of importance dynamically in producing Rossby waves.
		This radius is important for determining the phase speed and wavelength of baroclinic waves (Rossby waves) in the general circulation.
		The Rossby wave moves westward relative to the current, in effect slowing the eastward movement of long-wave components relative to the short-wave components in a barotropic flow.
	amsglossary.allenpress.com /glossary/browse?s=r&p=55 (856 words)

	RCCarl-Gustaf Rossby
		Carl-Gustaf Rossby was one of the leading theoretical meteorologist during the 20th century.
		In 1939 he made the break-through discovery that although all large-scale waves whilst carried eastward by the prevailing westerly flow, the effect of the rotation of the earth tended to retard and even move them in the opposite direction, the faster the larger the scale of the wave ("Rossby's wave equation").
		A number of meteorological terms are namned after Carl-Gustaf Rossby, such as: Rossby wave, Rossby radius, Rossby regim, Rossby parameter.
	www.smhi.se /sgn0106/if/rc/CG.htm (331 words)

	ESCI 485 – Air/sea Interaction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Rossby waves are dispersive, with a westward group velocity for long waves, and an eastward group velocity for short waves.
		A pair of equatorially trapped Rossby waves are generated at the eastern boundary and propagate westward.
		It is the Rossby waves that cause the reversal in the current.
	snowball.millersv.edu /~adecaria/ESCI485/esci485_lesson10_equatorial_adjustment.html (1322 words)

	This weeks seminar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Columbia University, New York, N.Y. We consider the three-dimensional dynamics of a breaking Rossby wave on the edge of a cylindrical, axisymmetric vortex, as a representation of breaking planetary waves on the winter stratospheric polar vortex.
		Two cases are considered: the first, with constant Coriolis parameter, corresponds to a polar f-plane, the second, retaining the first order correction to the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude, corresponds to a polar gamma-plane.
		The greater upward channeling of wave propagation on the sharp vortex edge compared to that on the smooth edge is demonstrated.
	www.jhu.edu /~ceafm/Seminars-Fall-02/Scott.htm (280 words)

	Rossby, Carl-Gustaf (Arvid) - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Rossby, Carl-Gustaf (Arvid) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		He discovered what are now known as Rossby waves, a description of the flow of air within the jet stream, and the Rossby equation, that calculates how fast the flow develops.
		A medal bearing his name is given by the American Meteorological Society to honour significant research.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Rossby%2c+Carl-Gustaf+(Arvid) (227 words)

	Schultz, Schumacher, and Doswell (2000): The Intracacies of Instabilities
		Although the layer-lifting mechanism originally perceived to release potential instability is generally not believed to occur in isolated convective storms, certain situations, discussed in section 3b, may be found where layer lifting of parcels produces deep moist convection.
		As formulated by Rossby, convective instability is present when a layer bounded by two pressure levels is lifted such that the bottom of that layer reaches saturation before the top does.
		During the time that Rossby defined convective instability (1932), the term ``convective'' was often used in the same way as ``advective'' is used today.
	www.nssl.noaa.gov /csi/reply.html (4148 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Rossby number appears to be an essential external parameter for the cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry.
		Consequently, the Rossby number effect on nonlinear baroclinic waves is a central point of this study.
		Increasing the Rossby number in the PE model has the effect that the eddies of the fastest growing normal mode are tilted towards the northwest-southeast direction.
	user.uni-frankfurt.de /~tfrisius/absjas3.html (319 words)

	How large is "large scale"? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The gravity wave speed, and thus the Rossby radius, increases proportionally with the depth of the disturbance.
		The gravity wave speed, and thus the Rossby radius, increases with stability by around a factor of two from steep lapse rates to isothermal conditions.
		The Rossby radius is smaller for a cyclone and larger for an anticyclone, typically by a factor of around two compared to average conditions
	meted.ucar.edu /nwp/pcu1/d_adjust/4_0.htm (953 words)

	The Thermocline in the Eastern Tropical Pacific
		One of the thermocline models that I have been examining is one that assumes that the tropical thermocline depth is controlled by local Ekman pumping/suction and the first baroclinic Rossby wave mode.
		Loosely speaking, the Coriolis parameter is a measure of the strength of the Coriolis 'force'.) The first baroclinic Rossby mode is a wave that depends on the oceanic density stratification and the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude for its existence.
		For low flow speeds, the angular momentum of a parcel of water is essentially determined by its latitude on the rotating earth and any rotation that the parcel may have relative to the earth.
	web.mit.edu /tomf/www/thcl.htm (1032 words)

	Nov 14: Rossby waves and westward intensification
		The dynamical reason for this is related to the large scale planetary waves, called Rossby waves, which determine how the subtropical ocean adjusts to variations in wind and buoyancy forcing.
		To understand the mechanism that gives rise to Rossby waves it is useful to consider an idealized approximation to the oceanic density structure known as the 1½ layer ocean.
		Rossby waves move thermocline displacements westward, though they don’t actually move the water.
	marine.rutgers.edu /dmcs/ms451/2002/2002-Nov-14.htm (1604 words)

	Minobe et al., Plume Structures in Deep Convection of Rotating Fluid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The explained variance in the parameter space is shown in Fig.
		The blue marks (crosses, circle, triangle, and rectangle) indicate the nondimensional parameters employed by the experiments in the present paper, while the red circles indicate the parameters used by KM.
		The 60% contour of the explained variance (shown by blue curve in the final panel) is the separation curve between the 2-D and 3-D regimes, while the red dashed line is the separation line proposed by KM.
	www.nagare.or.jp /mm/2000/minobe/english/results1.htm (443 words)

	ENSO's phase locking to the seasonal cycle in the fast SST, fast wave, and mixed mode regimes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In all three parameter regimes, the seasonal variations in the ocean-atmosphere coupling strength force the events to peak toward the end of the calendar year, whereas the effect of upwelling is shown to be less important.
		This balance is obtained because the warming trend due to the large amplitude Kelvin waves, amplified by a weak northern hemisphere winter-time ocean-atmosphere coupling strength, balances the cooling trend due to weak Rossby waves, amplified by a strong summer-time coupling strength.
		The difference between the locking mechanisms in the mixed mode regime and in the fast SST regime is used to understand the effect of the SST adjustment time on the timing of the phase locking.
	iri.ldeo.columbia.edu /~eli/Papers/enso_locking.html (319 words)

	Experimental Parameters & Data Output (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The barotropic forcing is realized by changing slightly the rotation rate of the table, either steadily or oscillatory: this results in a relative velocity between the water (which tends to rotate at the same speed due to its inertia) and the topography (the rotation rate of which is controlled).
		The amplitude of the corresponding velocity forced at the shelf break is 1 cm/s in the experiments reported here.
		There is no temporal Rossby number in this case, although the quickness of the transition to another steady rotation rate introduces a time scale.
	ceaspub.eas.asu.edu /canyon/experime1.htm (559 words)

	mp_arc 98-732 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		We show in suitable 2-parameter families the persistence of critical circles (invariant circles whose rotation number is the maximum of all the rotation numbers of points in the map) with Diophantine rotation number.
		The parameter values with critical circles of frequency $\omega_0$ lie on a one dimensional analytic curve.
		In contrast with recent progress in KAM theorem with degeneration in the frequency map, the curves we consider have rotation numbers on the boundary of the range of the frequency.
	www.ma.utexas.edu /mp_arc-bin/mpa?yn=98-732 (256 words)

	Rossby parameter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		It is important in the generation of Rossby waves.
		The Rossby parameter $\beta is given by the equation:$
		Although both involve Coriolis effects, the Rossby parameter describes the variation of the effects with latitude (hence the latitudinal derivative), and should not be confused with the Rossby number.
	www.phatnav.com /wiki/index.php?title=Rossby_parameter (167 words)

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