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Topic: Rotavirus

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	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus is an important cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children in both developed and developing countries (4).
		Although coryza and cough may precede GI symptoms, replication of rotavirus in the upper respiratory tract is not important in the spread of the virus (4).
		The mode of transmission of rotavirus infection is primarily fecal-oral.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /heic/ID/rotavirus (1024 words)

	Dr. Koop - Rotavirus Infection- Health Encyclopedia and Reference
		Rotavirus infection is the major cause of severely dehydrating diarrhea in early childhood.
		Rotavirus replicates in the epithelial (lining) cells of the intestine and is a cause of acute gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestines) with diarrhea, particularly in infants.
		Rotavirus infection typically starts with mild to moderate fever and vomiting, followed by the onset of watery stools.
	www.drkoop.com /encyclopedia/93/58/Rotavirus_Infection.html (620 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus most often infects infants and young children, and in children ages 3 months to 2 years, is one of the most common causes of diarrhea.
		Rotavirus infections are responsible for approximately 3 million cases of diarrhea and 55,000 hospitalizations for diarrhea and dehydration in children under 5 years old each year in the United States.
		Children with a rotavirus infection have fever, nausea, and vomiting, which are often followed by abdominal cramps and frequent, watery diarrhea.
	kidshealth.org /parent/infections/bacterial_viral/rotavirus.html (826 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus (pronounced "row-tuh-virus") is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide.
		Rotavirus is responsible for the deaths of an estimated 600,000 children each year, 80 percent of whom live in developing countries.
		Death is caused by dehydration due to rotavirus infection, not by the virus itself.
	www.path.org /vaccineresources/rotavirus (456 words)

	Rotovirus Update
		Rotavirus is one of the most common intestinal infections. The virus affects all age groups, although children between 6 and 24 months are most severely affected.
		Rotavirus is very contagious. Even before symptoms appear, a person with rotavirus can infect others with the virus. ; It is spread through contact with stool of an infected person through the fecal-oral route.
		The incubation period for rotavirus is about 2 days. This means that the child is infected with the virus for about two days before symptoms appear. Children with a rotavirus infection may have one or more symptoms. The most common symptom is frequent, watery, explosive diarrhea in large quantities.
	www.fmh.org /pediatrics.cfm?id=302 (295 words)

	Rotavirus - Pathology
		After ingestion, the rotavirus particles are carried to the small intestine where they infect the mature enterocytes in the mid and upper part of the villi of the small intestine, leading to diarrhea.
		Rotavirus is thought to invade target cells in two possible ways, by direct entry or fusion with the enterocytes, and through Ca -dependent endocytosis.
		Rotavirus infection of the intestinal enterocytes is thought to be controlled primarily by antibodies.
	www.brown.edu /Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/rotavirus/Pathology.htm (1539 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea among children 6 months to 2 years of age in the United States.
		Rotavirus can be detected with a lab test the day before diarrhea starts in half of all infected children and among some children for up to a week after symptoms end.
		Rotavirus outbreaks at daycare centers and in pediatric sections of hospitals are common.
	www.state.sd.us /doh/Pubs/rotavir.htm (642 words)

	Child Health Library - Infectious Diseases - Rotavirus Infections
		Rotavirus is a contagious virus and, among children, is the leading cause of severe diarrhea.
		Across the world, rotavirus is thought to be responsible for more than 130 million cases of diarrhea each year in children and infants.
		If your child develops rotavirus, he/she may not be able to attend daycare or school while he/she is ill. If your child is hospitalized, he/she will be isolated from other children to prevent an outbreak in the hospital.
	www.chp.edu /greystone/infectious/rota.php (658 words)

	Rotavirus lecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the U.S. alone rotavirus infections are estimated to average $352 million in hospitalization costs and cause up to 50 pediatric deaths per year.
		During rotavirus infection large numbers of viral particles are shed in the stool.
		Group C rotavirus infections are primarily associated with food-borne institutional outbreaks of childhood diarrhea and recent Group C outbreaks have occurred in Japan and England.
	www.uhmc.sunysb.edu /microbiology/rotavirus.html (2049 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus infections of adults are usually subclinical but occasionally cause illness in parents of children with rotavirus diarrhea, immunocompromised patients (including those with HIV), the elderly, and travelers to developing countries.
		Rotavirus is the most common pathogen identified in children hospitalized with diarrhea and is estimated to account for one third of all diarrheal illnesses.
		Evaluation of RIT 4237 bovine rotavirus vaccine in newborn infants: correlation of vaccine efficacy and season of birth in relation to rotavirus epidemic period.
	www.nlv.ch /Rotavirus/Rotavirusoverwievcdc.htm (4882 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus infection is a viral infection of the digestive tract.
		Rotavirus infection is an infection of the digestive tract.
		Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children in the United States.
	www.astdhpphe.org /infect/rot.html (721 words)

	Rotavirus Infection
		Rotavirus is a common cause of diarrhea in children between 6 months and 2 years of age but can occur in all age groups.
		Since rotavirus infection is not a reportable disease in Wisconsin, the specific incidence is unknown.
		Individuals with rotavirus infection may shed the virus in the stool for as long as 10 days after the onset of symptoms.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/955151609.html (331 words)

	RVP: Rotavirus Facts
		Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhea among children worldwide.
		Rotavirus, a hearty virus that survives easily in the environment, can also be transmitted through contaminated objects, water, or food.
		Although humans of all ages are susceptible to rotavirus infection, children 3 to 24 months of age account for the vast majority of severe infections.
	www.rotavirusvaccine.org /rotavirus-facts.htm (837 words)

	US FDA/CFSAN - Bad Bug Book - Rotavirus
		Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a self-limiting, mild to severe disease characterized by vomiting, watery diarrhea, and low-grade fever.
		Although to date outbreaks caused by group B rotavirus have been confined to mainland China, seroepidemiological surveys have indicated lack of immunity to this group of virus in the U.S. The newly recognized group C rotavirus has been implicated in rare and isolated cases of gastroenteritis.
		Rotavirus is one type of virus that causes diarrhea, especially in young children.
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~mow/chap33.html (1248 words)

	Rotavirus Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment by MedicineNet.com
		Rotavirus is a virus that infects the bowels.
		The name rotavirus comes from the characteristic wheel-like appearance of the virus when viewed by electron microscopy (the name rotavirus is derived from the Latin rota, meaning "wheel").
		Rotavirus affects populations in all socioeconomic groups and is equally prevalent in industrialized and developing countries, so differences in sanitation practices or water supply are not likely to affect the incidence of the infection.
	www.medicinenet.com /rotavirus/article.htm (586 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus is a severe diarrheal illness in childhood that accounts for more than 500,000 physician visits and approximately 50,000 hospitalizations each year among children less than 5 years of age.
		The baby was given an oral rotavirus to prevent severe diarrhea and vomiting and a licensed combo vaccine at around 5pm on Tuesday at National Taiwan University Hospital, according to Huang Li-min, chief of the infectious diseases division at the hospital.
		Incidence of rotavirus is similar in developed and developing countries, which suggests that differences in environment (e.g., clean water, hygiene or sanitation) do not affect incidence.
	www.vaccinetruth.org /rotavirus.htm (3132 words)

	Rotavirus - MayoClinic.com
		Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and children worldwide, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
		In fact, rotavirus infections are so common that most children have at least one bout with rotavirus by age 2 or 3.
		Rotavirus infections are most common in the winter and spring.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/rotavirus/DS00783 (253 words)

	Stories of Discovery: Rotavirus Vaccine: Preventing Severe Diarrheal Disease in Infants
		They concluded that rotavirus is the single most important cause of life-threatening diarrhea in children younger than 2 years, affecting approximately 130 million infants and children worldwide.
		However, diarrhea caused by rotavirus kills thousands of children in developing countries every year and the question remained whether the vaccine would be as effective in these nations.
		One year later, study results showed that the rotavirus vaccine was safe and reduced severe diarrhea in children by 88 percent and severe dehydration by 77 percent.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /publications/discovery/rotav.htm (1178 words)

	Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral, Pentavalent, RotaTeq
		In the United States, rotavirus infection causes an estimated 55,000 hospitalizations a year of infants and young children, although death due to rotavirus infection is rare.
		Rotavirus may also be transmitted through intake of fecally-contaminated water or food or by respiratory droplets that people sneeze, cough, drip, or exhale.
		Another vaccine for rotavirus was withdrawn in 1999 because of cases of intussusception associated with the administration of that particular vaccine.
	www.fda.gov /cber/products/rotamer020306qa.htm (1293 words)

	Report: rotavirus vaccine may trigger juvenile diabetes
		One proposed theory is that the rotavirus might damage pancreatic cells directly when it infects them, which would provide a more causal link between the virus and the disease.
		First licensed for approval by the Food and Drug Administration in August 1988, the vaccine was designed to protect children from becoming infected with rotavirus, the most common cause of diarrhea in infants and young children in the United States.
		Association between rotavirus infection and pancreatic islet autoimmunity in children at risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/18/20/07.html (808 words)

	eMedicine - Pediatrics, Rotavirus : Article Excerpt by: David D Nguyen, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The rotavirus genome consists of 11 segments of double-stranded RNA enclosed in a double-shelled capsid.
		Because these particular cells have a role in the digestion of carbohydrates and in the intestinal absorption of fluid and electrolytes, rotavirus infections lead to malabsorption by impaired hydrolysis of carbohydrates and excessive fluid loss from the intestine.
		A secretory component of the diarrhea is present, with increased motility further exacerbating the illness; this increased motility appears to be secondary to virus-induced functional changes at the villus epithelium.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/pediatrics-rotavirus.htm (575 words)

	FDA/CFSAN Bad Bug Book Rotavirus
		Because a person with rotavirus diarrhea often excretes large numbers of virus (108-1010 infectious particles/ml of feces), infection doses can be readily acquired through contaminated hands, objects, or utensils.
		Group C rotavirus has been associated with rare and sporadic cases of diarrhea in children in many countries.
		Several large outbreaks of group B rotavirus involving millions of persons as a result of sewage contamination of drinking water supplies have occurred in China since 1982.
	www.seafoodhaccp.com /SeafoodData/BadBugBook/CHAP33.HTML (885 words)

	NIP: Diseases/Rota/Rotavirus diarrhea FAQs
		Rotavirus is a virus (germ) that causes severe diarrhea, usually with fever and vomiting.
		Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis (diarrhea) in infants and young children in the United States (U.S.).
		In the U.S., rotavirus is responsible for approximately 5 percent to 10 percent of all diarrhea among children less than 5 years of age.
	www.cdc.gov /nip/diseases/rota/rotavirus.htm (646 words)

	Rotavirus
		Rotavirus is a common cause of diarrhea and gastroenteritis in children.
		Although symptoms vary from person to person, most commonly a person infected with rotavirus begins with frequent vomiting -- sometimes as often as every 5-10 minutes, or every time she tries to eat or drink something (even water) -- and a fever (typically up to 102-103 F).
		The telescoping blocks the bowel; and, because of the way the bowel receives its blood supply, the blood supply to the telescoped section is usually cut off, which results in permanent damage to the bowel at that point.
	www.drreddy.com /shots/rotavirus.html (921 words)

	UMHS Press Release: Rotavirus: Messy diapers may be sign of severe intestinal infection
		According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, rotavirus is one of the most common causes of severe diarrhea in infants and young children in the United States, although it can occur in children of any age and even adults.
		Cases of rotavirus increase each winter and spring, and the disease tends to begin with a fever, an upset stomach and vomiting, followed by watery diarrhea.
		Since rotavirus usually is transferred via contaminated hands, simply washing your hands and your child’s hands after each diaper changing can work to prevent the spread of disease.
	www.med.umich.edu /opm/newspage/2006/hmrotavirus.htm (739 words)

	eMedicine - Pediatrics, Rotavirus : Article by David D Nguyen, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Rotavirus is the foremost cause of childhood dehydrating gastroenteritis worldwide.
		Rotavirus may be identified by several means (ie, latex agglutination, enzyme immunoassay, electron microscopy, culture); however, in most cases, identification of the virus is important for public health purposes only.
		Clinical trials demonstrated prevention of 74% of all rotavirus gastroenteritis cases, nearly all severe rotavirus gastroenteritis cases, and nearly all hospitalizations due to rotavirus.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic401.htm (2430 words)

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