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Topic: Routing protocol

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Routing Information Protocol

OSI model

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	[No title]
		Routing is the method by which the host or gateway decides where to send the datagram.
		Routes to subnets will be meaningless outside the network, and must be omitted if the destination is not on the same subnetted network; they should be Hedrick [Page 30] RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 replaced with a single route to the network of which the subnets are a part.
		If the gateway for the route is on the network for which the datagram is being prepared, the metric in the entry is set to 16, or the entire entry is omitted.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc1058.txt (12725 words)

	Routing Information Protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The routing algorithm used in RIP, the Bellman-Ford algorithm, was first deployed in a computer network in 1969, as the initial routing algorithm of the ARPANET.
		RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol, which employs the hop count as a routing metric.
		RIPv2 is specified in RFC 2453 or STD 56.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Routing_Information_Protocol (581 words)

	RFC 1058 - Routing Information Protocol
		The goal of a routing protocol is very simple: It is to Hedrick [Page 3] RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 supply the information that is needed to do routing.
		Suppose a gateway's route to destination N Hedrick [Page 15] RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 goes through gateway G. If an update arrives from G itself, the receiving gateway is required to believe the new information, whether the new metric is higher or lower than the old one.
		Routes to subnets will be meaningless outside the network, and must be omitted if the destination is not on the same subnetted network; they should be Hedrick [Page 30] RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 replaced with a single route to the network of which the subnets are a part.
	www.packetizer.com /rfc/rfc1058 (12903 words)

	IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) (Linktionary term)
		An interior routing protocol is meant to be used inside an autonomous system (an organization's private network) while an exterior routing protocol operated between autonomous systems.
		When routers add entries to routing tables, 1 is added to the hop count to account for the hop between the router and the neighbor from which it received the route information.
		As routing table updates arrive and a route entry is verified to still be valid, the timer is reset.
	www.linktionary.com /i/igrp.html (846 words)

	RFC 1058 (rfc1058) - Routing Information Protocol
		Suppose a gateway's route to destination N goes through gateway G. If an update arrives from G itself, the receiving gateway is required to believe the new information, whether the new metric is higher or lower than the old one.
		If, after split horizon processing, a changed route will appear identical on a network as it did previously, the route need not be sent; if, as a result, no routes need be sent, the update may be omitted on that network.
		Routes to subnets will be meaningless outside the network, and must be omitted if the destination is not on the same subnetted network; they should be replaced with a single route to the network of which the subnets are a part.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc1058.html (12583 words)

	Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
		Since RIP calculates the best route to a destination based solely on how many hops it is to the destination network, RIP tends to be inefficient in network using more than one LAN protocol, such as Fast Ethernet and serial or Token Ring.
		The route is maintained long enough for the router to advertise the route as down (hop count of 16).
		First you must turn on the RIP routing protocol, then you must identify the network that will be advertised and which interfaces will advertise it with the network statement.
	www.inetdaemon.com /tutorials/internet/ip/routing/rip/index.shtml (685 words)

	RFC 1058 - Routing Information Protocol. C.L. Hedrick.
		RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 entity (gateway or host) that participates in the routing protocol is assumed to keep information about all of the destinations within the system.
		RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 several equally good paths, it is the first gateway on one of them.) This combination of destination, metric, and gateway is typically referred to as a route to the destination with that metric, using that gateway.
		RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol June 1988 If, after split horizon processing, a changed route will appear identical on a network as it did previously, the route need not be sent; if, as a result, no routes need be sent, the update may be omitted on that network.
	rfc.sunsite.dk /rfc/rfc1058.html (12830 words)

	Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
		All RIP routing protocols are based on a distance vector algorithm called the Bellman-Ford algorithm, after Bellman's development of the equation used as the basis of dynamic programming, and Ford's early work in the area.
		The earliest RIP protocol was the PUP protocol, which used the Gateway Information Protocol to exchange routing information, and was developed by a team that included R. Metcalfe, who later developed the Ethernet physical layer network protocol.
		The RIP routing protocol uses UDP because it is particularly efficient, and there are no problems if a message gets, which is fine for router updates where another update will be coming along shortly anyway.
	www.livinginternet.com /i/iw_route_igp_rip.htm (630 words)

	OSPF
		A router generates its routing table from this graph by calculating a tree of shortest paths with the router itself as root.
		OSPF is classified as a dynamic, adaptive protocol in that it adjusts to problems in the network and provides short convergence periods to stabilize the routing table.
		Routing information pertaining to this capability is typically derived from OSPF as well as other protocols, such as the EGP.
	www2.rad.com /networks/1995/ospf/ospf.htm (5142 words)

	Routing protocol security
		Routing security has received varying levels of attention over the past several years and has recently begun to attract more attention specifically around Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) on the public Internet.
		Routing protocol DoS—Similar to the attack previously described against a whole router, a routing protocol attack could be launched to stop the routing process from functioning properly.
		In addition to the specific threats mentioned here, it is also very useful to follow the network design best practices of not running routing protocols on interfaces with no reason to route and of using distribution lists to limit the routing prefixes that are sent or received by a specific routing instance.
	searchsecurity.techtarget.com /tip/1,289483,sid14_gci1051858,00.html (872 words)

	RIP and RIP2: Routing Information Protocol Overview (RFC 1058 2453)
		RIP2 derives from RIP, which is an extension of the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) intended to expand the amount of useful information carried in the RIP messages and to add a measure of security.
		Route tag -- Attribute assigned to a route which must be preserved and readvertised with a route.
		The route tag provides a method of separating internal RIP routes (routes for networks within the RIP routing domain) from external RIP routes, which may have been imported from an EGP or another IGP.
	www.javvin.com /protocolRIP.html (505 words)

	Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
		RIP prevents routing loops from continuing indefinitely by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from the source to a destination.
		Routes that aren't refreshed for a given period of time are likely invalid because of some change in the network.
		When a route's timeout timer expires, the route is marked invalid but is retained in the table until the route-flush timer expires.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/rip.htm (1592 words)

	What is routing protocol? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A generic term that refers to a formula, or protocol, used by a router to determine the appropriate path over which data is transmitted.
		The routing protocol also specifies how routers in a network share information with each other and report changes.
		The routing protocol enables a network to make dynamic adjustments to its conditions, so routing decisions do not have to be predetermined and static.
	www.pcwebopaedia.com /TERM/R/routing_protocol.html (124 words)

	Dynamic Routing Protocols
		Static routing allows routing tables in specific routers to be set up in a static manner so network routes for packets are set.
		Regular routing updates are sent every 30 seconds with all or part of the route table.
		The routing domain is an identifier of the daemon the packet belongs to.
	www.comptechdoc.org /independent/networking/guide/netdynamicroute.html (618 words)

	Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Routing Protocol
		OSI routing protocols are summarized in several ISO documents, including ISO 10589, which defines IS-IS. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) X3S3.3 (network and transport layers) committee was the motivating force behind ISO standardization of IS-IS. Other ISO documents include ISO 9542 (which defines ES-IS) and ISO 10747 (which defines IDRP).
		As with distance-vector routing, routes to a particular destination accumulate outward from the destination.
		Route recalculation is partial and occurs when one of three events occurs: an incremental routing update with new routes is received, a BIS neighbor goes down, or a BIS neighbor comes up.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/osi_rout.htm (2209 words)

	Dynamic Source Routing Protocol
		The protocol is composed of the two main mechanisms of "Route Discovery" and "Route Maintenance", which work together to allow nodes to discover and maintain routes to arbitrary destinations in the ad hoc network.
		The protocol allows multiple routes to any destination and allows each sender to select and control the routes used in routing its packets, for example for use in load balancing or for increased robustness.
		The DSR protocol is designed mainly for mobile ad hoc networks of up to about two hundred nodes, and is designed to work well with even very high rates of mobility.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~dmaltz/dsr.html (698 words)

	Routing Protocols
		These protocols in turn need to be routed if they are to reach their intended recipients.
		For example the IGP series of routing protocols are used on internal networks, and the EGP series of routing protocols is used on the actual Internet itself.
		BGP or Border Gateway Protocol is the routing protocol in use today by the routers which populate the Internet.
	www.windowsnetworking.com /articles_tutorials/Routing-Protocols.html (1486 words)

	What is Routing Information Protocol? - a definition from Whatis.com - see also: RIP
		RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a widely-used protocol for managing router information within a self-contained network such as a corporate local area network (
		Using RIP, a gateway host (with a router) sends its entire routing table (which lists all the other hosts it knows about) to its closest neighbor host every 30 seconds.
		(Other protocols use more sophisticated algorithms that include timing as well.) Each host with a router in the network uses the routing table information to determine the next host to route a packet to for a specified destination.
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci214265,00.html (346 words)

	oreilly.com -- Online Catalog: IP Routing
		It begins with the simplest routing protocol, RIP, and then proceeds in successive chapters to IGRP, EIGRP, RIP2, OSPF, and finally to the most complex, BGP.
		By the end, you will have mastered not only the fundamentals of all the major routing protocols, but also the underlying principles on which they are based.
		The book describes administrative tools available to all the routing protocols, including those that block the advertisement of routing updates, and those that set up preferences for one routing protocol over another.
	www.oreilly.com /catalog/iprouting (951 words)

	OLSR Routing Protocol (RFC3626)
		In route calculation, the MPRs are used to form the route from a given node to any destination in the network.
		Integrating fast mobility in the OLSR routing protocol, M. Benzaid, P. Minet, K. Al Agha, Fourth IEEE Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks (MWCN), Stockholm Sweden, September 2002.
		Analysis and evaluation of channel access schemes and routing protocols for wireless networks A. Qayyum, Phd Thesis, November 2000.
	hipercom.inria.fr /olsr (1268 words)

	AURP, AppleTalk Update-based Routing Protocol
		AURP provides wide area routing enhancements to the AppleTalk routing protocols and is fully compatible with AppleTalk Phase 2.
		The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data-link-layer protocol that provides a standard method of encapsulating and decapsulating network-layer protocol information, and transmitting that information over point-to-point links.
		When using AURP for routing-information propagation, a half-router uses a specific PPP protocol type to identify AURP routing-information packets-that is, packets preceded by a domain header.
	www.networksorcery.com /enp/protocol/aurp.htm (666 words)

	Routing Protocol Security Requirements (rpsec) Charter
		routing protocols has resulted in a wide variety of security
		Submit initial I-D (or set of I-Ds) which details the threats to routing systems.
		Generic Threats to Routing Protocols (RFC 4593) (48292 bytes)
	www.ietf.org /html.charters/rpsec-charter.html (263 words)

	[No title]
		PROTOCOL NUMBERS (last updated 03 October 2006) In the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) [RFC791] there is a field, called "Protocol", to identify the next level protocol.
		In Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) [RFC1883] this field is called the "Next Header" field.
		[RFC869] Hinden, R., "A Host Monitoring Protocol", RFC 869, Bolt Beranek and Newman, December 1983.
	www.iana.org /assignments/protocol-numbers (860 words)

	What is Routing Information Protocol? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Because this is inefficient, RIP is gradually being replaced by a newer protocol called Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).
		Call Routing Services: Bellsouth FastAccess - Save when you combine your communications service with BellSouth Answers.
		Call Routing Services: Avaya Contact Center - Learn how Avaya's telephone networking services and call routing can deliver personalized customer service, increase sales, and maximize your ROI.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/R/Routing_Information_Protocol.html (300 words)

	ITPRC - IP Routing
		Using HSRP For Fault Tolerant IP Routing - Cisco's Guide to its "Hot Standby Routing Protocol"
		GNU Zebra - Free routing software distributed under the GNU general public license
		Open Shortest Path Protocol - A research paper describing OSPF usage and functionality
	www.itprc.com /routing.htm (505 words)

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