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	Sealand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sealand is possibly the world's best-known micronation, and although its claims to sovereignty and legitimacy are not recongnized by any traditional States, it is nevertheless sometimes cited in debates as an interesting case study of how various principles of international law can be applied to a disputed territory.
		In 1968, Roy's son Michael Bates was summoned to court as a result of an incident during which shots were fired at a British navy vessel in the vicinity of Sealand.
		Sealand is not a member of the Universal Postal Union, which regulates the sending of mail between countries, and its address is in what it claims is a foreign country.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sealand (2906 words)

	Sealand
		Sealand has several ancillary features of a state, including a constitution, a flag, a national anthem, a national motto, postage stamps, currency (1 Sealand dollar equaling 1 US dollar), and passports.
		Sealand postage stamps are used on at least some correspondence from the government bureaux and in such cases are cancelled by Sealand.
		Sealand is not a member of the Universal Postal Union, which regulates the sending of mail between countries, and its address is in what it claims is a foreign country - in the same way that mail for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus must be addressed to 'Mersin 10, Turkey'.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/se/sealand.html (1938 words)

	Sealand Info - Bored Net - Boredom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Sealand has not been formally recognized by any government in the world, but has been largely left alone by neighboring countries, and the legal status of Sealand continues to be under debate.
		Roy of Sealand claimed sovereignty and declared independence since 2 September 1967, and later chartered a Sealand State Corporation charged with the development of the state.
		Sealand postage stamps are used on (at least) some correspondence from the government bureaux and cancelled by Sealand; the (United Kingdom postal service) Royal Mail then cancels them with marks saying 'revenue protection'.
	www.borednet.com /e/n/encyclopedia/s/se/sealand.html (1796 words)

	The Principality of Sealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Sealand was founded as a sovereign Principality in 1967 in international waters, six miles off the eastern shores of Britain.
		Sealand was founded on the principle that any group of people dissatisfied with the oppressive laws and restrictions of existing nation states may declare independence in any place not claimed to be under the jurisdiction of another sovereign entity.
		The independence of Sealand was upheld in a 1968 British court decision where the judge held that Roughs Tower stood in international waters and did not fall under the legal jurisdiction of the United Kingdom.
	www.sealandgov.com (452 words)

	Sealand - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		That when Paddy Roy Bates and his associates occupied the abandoned Roughs Tower in 1967 it was located in international waters, outside the jurisdiction of the United Kingdom and all other sovereign states.
		Sealand's legal system is said to follow British common law, and statutes take the form of Decrees enacted by the Sovereign.
		Sealand's stamps are generally classed as "locals" by most collectors; such stamps are valid for the carriage of mail between a location that lacks a regular postal service, and a location from which the onward transmission of such mail occurs.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Sealand (2407 words)

	A Brief History of Sealand
		Roy Bates, henceforth ROY OF SEALAND, exerted state authority on the island and thus was an absolute sovereign.
		Since Roy of Sealand was still an English citizen, he was thus accused of extensive crimes in Britain and was summoned to an English court.
		Roy first released the Dutch citizens, as the war was over, and the Geneva Convention requires the release of all prisoners.
	www.seanhastings.com /havenco/sealand/history.html (1438 words)

	Sealand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The entity known as the Principality of Sealand is a micronation claiming to be a sovereign state.
		Sealand's alleged sovereignty has been disputed by the UK government [1] (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/778267.stm), although no attempt has been made to forcibly evict Bates from Sealand or curtail or control his commercial activities on the fortress, since the 1960s.
		Sealand does not fulfill this criteria, as it has no reciprocal relations with any other state.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Sealand (1940 words)

	Sealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		About Sealand: Sealand was founded as a sovereign Principality in 1967 in international waters, six miles off the eastern shores of Britain.
		Sealand fights off invaders (and wins a war) In August of 1978, a number of Dutch men came to Sealand in the employ of a German businessman.
		Current Views of the Principality of Sealand The current government of the Principality of Sealand considers itself to be sovereign, and to have been recognized "de facto" as such on the basis of the aforementioned statements by multiple world governments.
	www.fingerweb.org /fingerworld/sealandx (1903 words)

	The Imperial Collection - Principality of Sealand - Page 3
		Sealand has minted coins intermittently since the early 1970s, although as with the Principality's stamps, few details are readily available, and it does not appear that any have been released in recent years.
		Sealand has been the only new country project that has been the subject of an armed insurrection - and as such is the only new country project that boasts a coin mintage by the rebel government.
		The origins of this mintage date to 1978, when Sealand's then Prime Minister, Professor Alexander G Achenbach and several associates abducted Prince Roy's son, Michael, as part of an attempted armed takeover of Sealand.
	www.imperial-collection.net /sealand03.html (500 words)

	MILITANTPLATYPUS » Blog Archive » The Principality of Sealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Nestled off the coast of Britian, the Principality of Sealand is one of the world’s smallest countries.
		Sealand is located in the southern part of the North Sea some six miles off the coast of Britain and from sixty-five to one hundred miles from the coasts of France, Belgium, Holland and Germany; Latitude 51.53 N, Longitude 01.28 E (see map).
		Sealand was founded as a sovereign Principality in 1967 in what had been international waters.
	www.militantplatypus.com /blog/archives/2007 (316 words)

	Sealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		On September 2, 1967, the fort was occupied by Paddy Roy Bates, a British subject and pirate radio broadcaster, who ejected a competing group of pirate broadcasters and claimed it as his own.
		Sealand has also claimed the waters surrounding Roughs Tower http://www.fruitsofthesea.demon.co.uk/sealand/factfile.html, and it has claimed to have physically defended this claim on at least one occasion: In an incident in 1990, the Royal Maritime Auxiliary vessel Golden Eye was fired upon from Sealand.
		British Government documents, now available to the public under the 30 year expiration of confidentiality, show that the UK drafted plans to retake the fortress, but such plans were not implemented by then Prime Minister due to the potential for loss of life, and the creation of a legal and public relations disaster.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Sealand.htm (3008 words)

	SEALAND
		Sealand is located about six miles off the coast of England, on a manmade structure in the North Sea.
		Despite court challenges related to this incident, British authorities found that because Sealand was outside of the then-3-mile limit of territorial waters recognized by international law, the land was outside English jurisdiction.
		Sealand is located less than 3 milliseconds, by fiber optics, from London, which is home to leaders in both global finance and international telecommunications.
	www.sprick.net /TalkinTech/SEALAND.htm (557 words)

	Cabinet Magazine Online - New Foundlands
		The first step in gaining international recognition came in 1968 when Roy’s son, the Prince Regent Michael, was ordered to a British court for firing his rifle at a Royal Navy vessel that had come too close to the platform (he claimed they were planning an invasion).
		Eventually Germany was forced to send a diplomat to Sealand to negotiate with the Sealand monarch, allowing a delighted Prince Roy to claim that this official visit amounted to de facto recognition by the German government (the German government strongly denied this).
		Just as Sealand now plays host to the Internet, it is the Internet that has revealed itself as the host for a whole new generation of fictional state projects.
	www.cabinetmagazine.org /issues/18/newfoundlands.php (2974 words)

	BBC - London - TV & Radio - Inside Out - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Sealand is the smallest and perhaps strangest state in the world in the north sea, eight miles off the coast from Essex.
		Sealand is a platfrom on top of two concrete towers, each of which with seven floors inside them.
		Sealand is an independent state and has all of the fittings to match - the Sealand Passport, a national Flag, its own structure of government and even its own stamps.
	www.bbc.co.uk /london/insideldn/insideout/vote.shtml (505 words)

	biology - Sealand
		It is probably the world's best-known micronation, and although its "national" sovereignity and legitimacy is hotly contested by many, it is nevertheless sometimes cited in debates as an interesting case study of how various principles of international law are applied to a contested territory.
		Sealand has also claimed the waters surrounding Roughs Tower [1], and it has claimed to have physically defended this claim on at least one occasion: In an incident in 1990, the Royal Maritime Auxiliary vessel Golden Eye was fired upon from Sealand.
		As Sealand is not a recognised country, the Bateses officially travel internationally as British citizens.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Sealand (2928 words)

	Paddy Roy Bates -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		However (additional info and facts about Ryan Lackey) Ryan Lackey, its founder later quit and claimed that Bates had lied to him by keeping the 1990-1991 court case from him and that as a result he had lost the money he had invested in the venture.
		He stated that his only legal recourse was sue Roy Bates in a British court of law, but because of his own involvement in the venture his chances of success were not good and as of this date no such case has been filed.
		Bates and his wife Joan no longer live on Sealand, having left the day-to-day operation to their son Michael.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/paddy_roy_bates.htm (542 words)

	WorldNetDaily: World's 1st Internet 'nation'
		According to Sealand's operators, it claims territorial waters of 12.5 nautical miles in all directions, except where that overlaps the territorial waters claimed by its nearest neighbor, Britain, in which case it claims half the distance to the British shore.
		Sealand has its own flag, passports, stamps and currency, which, as one might expect, is pegged to the U.S. dollar.
		Sealand is preparing fiber-optic connections in Holland and the UK to stop either of those nations from closing down its Internet data transmission.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=21962 (1786 words)

	Principality of Sealand - Fact File (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		SEALAND STATE CORPORATION was formed some years ago under a Charter that gave the Corporation total authority under its Board of elected Senators to administer and to govern the island.
		Within the territory of Sealand and the three miles of territorial waters bounding the island, the Corporation ensured that Sealand law was absolute and Sealand was accountable to nobody for the enforcement of its laws within this area.
		Easy and economical access to Sealand from Europe and Scandanavia is available, since the established ferry routes that ply to and from the United Kingdom intersect its territorial waters as they pass some three miles from the island, carrying freight and thousands of passengers daily.
	www.fruitsofthesea.demon.co.uk /sealand/factfile.html (470 words)

	O, Sealand!
		They sent naval units to Sealand with the purpose of terminating Prince Roy's reign, but shots were fired from Sealand and the British Navy retreated.
		Sealand is ruled by Prince Paddy Roy Bates and his wife, Princess Joan.
		Also, because Sealand has no copyright laws, many internet companies have set up centers in the forts two "legs." Although Sealand hosts a regular ferry service, the operations of HavenCo require high security and no public visits to the island are allowed.
	members.cox.net /abnormallyaverage/sealand.htm (587 words)

	Me Three
		Bates claims that Sealand was founded on the principle that any group of people dissatisfied with the oppressive laws and restrictions of existing nation states may declare independence in any place not under the jurisdiction of another sovereign entity.
		Units of the British Navy entered the territorial waters claimed by Roy of Sealand, and in defense of his sovereignty, Roy of Sealand threatened the Navy by firing warning shots at the repair buoys.
		Since Roy of Sealand was technically still an English citizen, he was accused of extensive crimes in Britain and called to an English court.
	www.methree.net /archives/November/marshallsealand.html (552 words)

	CNN Transcript - Business Unusual: Sealand Offers Unique Business Opportunity; Council on Economic Priorities Honors ...
		Sealand lies on the border of British territorial waters.
		ROY BATES, PRINCE ROY OF SEALAND: Anything which is injurious to Britain won't be done here.
		But to improve the service, HavenCo is planning to lay fiber optic cable from Sealand to the UK and the Netherlands by the end of the year at a cost of over $1 million.
	transcripts.cnn.com /TRANSCRIPTS/0007/16/bun.00.html (3157 words)

	WDTN-TV Dayton Will Be Airing Swift Boat Add (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Principality of Sealand is a former World War II anti-aircraft military fortress in the North Sea.
		Whilst Sealand has been the pride and joy of Prince Roy and his family for well over 30 years, his recent poor health has caused him fundamentally to review the arrangements which have been in place for decades and to look to the future of his Principality.
		The presence of an active and rapidly growing high-tech internet industry in Sealand has changed the character of the Principality; once more, Sealand rings with the sound of voices, boasts regular support ferry services, and is host to a growing and dynamic population.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1186356/posts (3677 words)

	Wired 8.07: Welcome to Sealand. Now Bugger Off.
		This summer, with $1 million in seed money provided by a small core of Internet-fattened investors, Lackey and his colleagues are setting up Sealand as the world's first truly offshore, almost-anything-goes electronic data haven - a place that occupies a tantalizing gray zone between what's legal and what's...
		Simply entering one of the machine rooms will require putting on scuba gear, because the rooms will be filled with an unbreathable pure nitrogen atmosphere instead of the normal oxygen mix - a measure designed to keep out sneaks, inhibit rust, and reduce the risk of fire.
		Similarly, companies using Sealand to house their data can choose to operate according to the special laws of Sealand, and those laws will be particularly lax - though not quite anarchic.
	www.wired.com /wired/archive/8.07/haven.html (972 words)

	Rebel nation teams with Internet pioneers to evade Big BrotherMARA D
		Law experts and Information Age pundits say Sealand’s tenuous claim to independence _ not to mention the borderless, anarchic nature of the Internet _ raise a host of legal questions.
		While Britain has so far watched silently, government officials insist that Sealand erected by Britain in 1940 as a base to shoot down Nazi bombers, abandoned after the war and taken over by Bates in the 1960s _ is still part of the United Kingdom.
		Scannell refuses to disclose how many people will be based on Sealand to run the business and says access to the fortress will be severely restricted.
	www2.cob.ilstu.edu /mpdumler/sealand.htm (1146 words)

	Combat Stronghold -> Information Stronghold (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Headed by the royal Prince Roy of Sealand, Sealand is comprised of a single man-made concrete island six miles offshore of Great Britain.
		Sealand’s sovereignty as a principality was upheld in 1968 by a British court when, and get this, it defended itself against the British navy.
		No recognized world government holds jurisdiction, save for that of Sealand (who has currently contracted with a company who will run the government for the purpose of this venture).
	www.pcmech.com /show/tt/224/about.htm (496 words)

	In Box Column for 7/25/00 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		HavenCo is relying on Sealand’s strange international status to set up something the article’s author calls, "the world’s first truly offshore, almost-anything-goes electronic data haven —; a place that occupies a tantalizing gray zone between what’s legal and what’s possible."
		The platform was abandoned by the British after the war and sat vacant until Roy Bates occupied it in 1967.
		Sealand’s short history is crammed with color, including kidnappings and shootings at sea.
	flabusinessinsight.com /Articles/Columns/Inbox/inbox8.htm (1020 words)

	Legal Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		We confirm that over a large number of years we have investigated the legal status of the Principality of Sealand and Prince Roy of Sealand its Sovereign Head and that in our view such Principality is absolutely legal according to both English and International Law.
		As a result of this kidnapping Prince Roy held a number of foreign nationals on the island as prisoners.
		In due course complaints were made to both the Dutch and German and the British Government and as a result of these complaints armed Dutch naval vessels and armed German naval vessels were sent to the area and ready to attempt to land personnel o the island and retake their nationals by force if necessary.
	www.seanhastings.com /havenco/sealand/opinion04.html (339 words)

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