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	Royal Prussia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Royal Prussia (Polish: Prusy Królewskie, German: Königliches Preussen) was the western part of two parts of Prussia, which previously were governed as one Lands of the Teutonic Order.
		The eastern part of Prussia remained under the rule of the Order and its successors, until 1657 under Polish and Swedish suzerainty, becoming the Duchy of Prussia in 1525 when the Order's Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg adopted Lutheranism and secularised his land as its hereditary ruler.
		In 1618 the Duchy of Prussia was inherited by Johann Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Royal_Prussia (441 words)

	Prussia - Simple English Wikipedia
		Ducal Prussia was part of the Kingdom of Poland until 1660, and Royal Prussia was part of Poland until 1772.
		In 1618 the new Duke of Prussia was the Elector John Sigismund of Brandenburg.
		The Duchy of Prussia was important to the Hohenzollern family because it was not in the Holy Roman Empire.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prussia (1592 words)

	Encyclopedia: Royal Prussia
		Royal and Ducal Prussia in the second half of 16th century Ethnic map Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with its major subdivisions as of 1619, superimposed on present-day national borders Ducal Prussia was, between 1525â€“1657, a fief of Poland.
		Royal Prussia: 1466 polish king Kazimierz Jagiellonczyk (Casimir Jagiellonian) gave this coat of arms and flag to Royal Prussia — new province of Poland (authonomic province to 1569).
		This crest was the symbol of the unity of Royal Prussia and the Kingdom of Poland.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Royal-Prussia (2048 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search View - Prussia
		At the height of its expansion, in the late 19th century, Prussia extended along the coasts of the Baltic and North seas, from Belgium, the Netherlands, France, and Luxembourg on the west to the Russian Empire on the east, to Austria-Hungary on the east, southeast, and south, and to Switzerland on the south.
		Modern Prussia was successively, with geographical modifications, an independent kingdom (1701-1871); the largest constituent kingdom of the German Empire (1871-1918); a constituent state, or land, of the Weimar Republic (1919-1933); and an administrative division, comprising 13 provinces, of the centralized German Third Reich (1934-1945).
		In 997 the Bohemian bishop and saint Adalbert was martyred as a missionary in Prussia.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761559027__1/Prussia.html (1057 words)

	Prussia
		Still others choose to emphasize Prussia's role in the Enlightenment, when it was a home to artists and intellectuals; how the term "Prussia" is used today therefore depends much on context.
		Riga's archbishop was the brother of duke Albrecht of Prussia.
		With the exception of Prussia, all of Brandenburg's lands were a part of the Holy Roman Empire, by this time under the all but hereditary nominal rule of the House of Habsburg.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/hi/History_of_Prussia.html (2313 words)

	Learn more about Royal Prussia in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Royal Prussia (Polish: Prusy Królewskie, German: Königliches Preussen) was a Polish province formed from the western part of the Lands of the Teutonic Order following the Thirteen Years War or "War of the Cities".
		The eastern part of Prussia remained under the rule of the Order and its successors, until 1660 under Polish suzerainty as a Polish fief, becoming the Duchy of Prussia in 1525 when the Order's Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg adopted Lutheranism and secularised his land as hereditary ruler.
		During the First (1772) and Second (1793) Partitions of Poland the area was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia and became the province of West Prussia.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /r/ro/royal_prussia.html (318 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Ducal Prussia
		Ducal Prussia was between (1525–1657) a fief of Poland, created as a result of war (1520–1525) between Poland and the Teutonic Order.
		Royal Prussia was held by the king of Poland, who also was the feudal lord of Ducal Prussia.
		Royal Prussia and Ducal Prussia correspond roughly to what later (1772) became West Prussia and East Prussia.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Ducal_Prussia (346 words)

	A Brief History of Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The area known as Prussia was inhabited in early times by West Slavic tribes, ancestors of the modern Poles, in the West, and Baltic tribes, closely related to Lithuanians, in the East.
		Prussia was divided into Royal Prussia in the west and Ducal Prussia in the east.
		Royal Prussia was incorporated into Poland providing it with a corridor to the Baltic Sea (the "Danzig Corridor").
	www.kolpack.com /packnet/prussia.html (425 words)

	PRUSSIA
		Prussia remained the dominant military power of Germany until the end of World War I. Thereafter it was largely an administrative unit of Germany.
		The union of Brandenburg, with its capital at Berlin, and East Prussia laid the foundation of the Kingdom of Prussia.
		Prussia absorbed the state of Waldeck in 1929 and in 1937 was given the state of Lubeck and portions of the states of Hamburg and Oldenburg.
	horsecare.stablemade.com /_articles/prussia.htm (2406 words)

	Excerpts - Germans, Poles and Jews
		This was the beginning of a movement, running parallel to the rise of the serf-estate export economy on the already cultivated soil of Poland, in which the szlachta (Polish nobility) encouraged peasant immigration from the west in order to bring the vast stretches of Poland's still virgin forest and swampland under the plow.
		In Royal Prussia and Great Poland such German colonists came to be called 'Haula"nder', a corruption of the word Hollander, recalling the Mennonite pioneers; the Poles accepted the term in the form of 'oledrzy'.
		The Polonization of Royal Prussia after the fifteenth century had been balanced by second-wave German peasant colonization in the Vistula delta and the rise of the German-dominated textile industry in Royal Prussia, the Netze district, and Great Poland.
	www.posen-l.com /pos/GPJ.html (1254 words)

	East Prussia - Psychology Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		East Prussia (German: Ostpreußen; Lithuanian: Rytų Prūsija or Rytprūsiai; Polish: Prusy Wschodnie; Russian: Восточная Пруссия — Vostochnaya Prussiya; Dutch: Oost-Pruisen; Spanish: Prusia Oriental;) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and of the German Empire, situated on the territory of former Ducal Prussia.
		In 1875 the ethnic make-up of East Prussia was 73.48% German, 18.39% Polish, and 8.11% Lithuanian (according to "Slownik geograficzny Krolestwa Polskiego").
		The remaining German population of East Prussia was brutally oppressed and expelled by the Communist regimes.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/East_Prussia (1231 words)

	Prussia in History and Prussian Historic Events in the Arkansas Encyclopedia Encyclopedia of Arkansas Arkansas History ...
		Prussia imported military nomenclature from the east, such as the 'Ulan' lancers, named after the Mongol royal clan, and the 'Hussar' cavalry.
		Prussia fell victim to popular myths that surrounded her, the prussian story was obscured as she was scapegoated for the war.
		The major Part of north-east Prussia with the port Königsberg went to Russia becoming an enclave and colony on the Baltic coast -regardless of the fact that the territories were not even connecting- out of fear that Prussia might be too much of a temptation to Germany.
	rageontheriver.8m.com /partagas.html (1869 words)

	Prussia - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		From the late 18th century the expanded Prussia dominated North Germany politically, economically and in terms of population size, and was the core of the unified North German Confederation formed in 1867, renamed German Empire in 1871.
		Being predominantly a northern and eastern German state, Prussia had a large Protestant majority, although there were substantial Roman Catholic populations in the Rhineland, while a number of districts in Posen, Silesia, West Prussia, and the Warmia and Masuria regions of East Prussia had populations of predominantly Catholic Poles.
		De jure, Prussia continued to exist as a territorial unit until the end of World War II, but in practice the "Gaue" of the Nazi Party organization were the building blocks of the Nazi state.
	www.voyager.in /Prussia (2324 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Royal Prussia, 1454-1569
		Royal Prussia first was administrated by a Gubernator (governor).
		Danzig introduced the Lutheran reformation in 1557; the remainder of Royal Prussia remained Catholic - except for the Mennonites, who first are recorded in 1543 in the lowlands of the Vistula river, which they cultivated by damming in the river.
		In 1569 the privileges of Royal Prussia were abolished, the country integrated into the Kingdom of Poland.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/eceurope/rprussia14541569.html (377 words)

	Prussia at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		From the late 18th century the expanded Prussia dominated North Germany both politically, economically and in terms of population size, and was the core of the unified German Empire formed in 1871.
		Prussia emerged from the Napoléonic Wars as the dominant power in Germany, overshadowing her long-time rival Austria.
		This was the high point of Prussia's fortunes, and had the country had wise leaders, Prussia's economic power and political status might have peacefully made her the centre of European civilisation.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Prussia.html (2044 words)

	Royal Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Royal Prussia (Polish : Prusy Królewskie German : Königliches Preussen) was a Polish province formed from the western part the Lands of the Teutonic Order following the Thirteen Years War or "War of the Cities".
		During the (1772) and Second (1793) Partitions of Poland Royal Prussia was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia.
		Royal Prussia included Eastern Pomerania (Pomeranian Voivodship) Chelmno Land Malbork Voivodship Gdansk Torun and Elblag.
	www.freeglossary.com /Royal_Prussia (505 words)

	Ezion-Geber's Home Page - Preussen Gloria - Prussia, History of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Prussia began nearly 700 years ago on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in what is today the isolated Kaliningrad Oblast (Region) of Russia and the north-eastern part of Poland.
		Prussia was not, however, destined to be a litttle Baltic enclave.
		The lost parts of Poland with Warsaw (new East Prussia and the eastern part of South Prussia) were added to a lost part of the earlier Austrian partition, which were joined to form a 'Kingdom of Poland' and added to the Russian Empire.
	www.nccg.org /ezion_geber/preussen1.html (1110 words)

	Royal Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mr Williamson was with the 7th Battalion of the Royal Norfolks in St Valerie...
		During the First (1772) and Second (1793) Partitions of Poland West Prussia was re-united politically with East Prussia and incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia.
		Royal Prussia included Eastern Pomerania (Pomeranian Voivodship), Chelmno Land, Malbork (Marienburg) Voivodship, Gdansk, Torun and Elblag (Elbing).
	www.wikiverse.org /royal-prussia (455 words)

	Wikinfo \| East Prussia
		East Prussia (German: Ostpreußen; Polish: Prusy Wschodnie; Russian: Восточная Пруссия - Vostochnaya Prussiya) was a province of Kingdom of Prussia, situated on the territory of former Ducal Prussia.
		On January 31, 1773 King Friedrich II announced that the newly annexed lands were to be known as "Westpreußen" (West Prussia) and the old Duchy of Prussia were to be known as "Ostpreußen" (East Prussia).
		After World War I until World War II, East Prussia became an exclave of Germany, created as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, when parts of the province of West Prussia (former Royal Prussia) were ceded to Poland creating the Pomeranian Voivodship or so called Polish Corridor.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=East_Prussia (620 words)

	Bowles Laycock Kaminski Haradonski Fuller and Bennett Geneology Site
		West Prussia, formerly Royal Prussia, part of Pomerania, currently one of 12 provinces of the Kingdom of Prussia, has already been partially discussed in the articles on Gdansk and Kwidzyn, and from an ecclesiastical viewpoint in the article on Chelmno.
		West Prussia lies between 52°50'24" and 54°50'8" north latitude and 33°38'1" and 37°38'55" longitude (Ferro), and borders to the north on the Baltic, to the east on East Prussia, to the south on the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Poznan, and to the west on Brandenburg and Pomerania.
		Population: According to official statistics in 1867 West Prussia had 1,282,842 inhabitants; 1,343,057 in 1875; 1,405,898 in 1880; 1,408,229 in 1885; so in those last five years the population grew by only 2, 331, or 0.15%, while in the Kingdom of Prussia as a whole it grew by 3.79%.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/Stage/8979/prussia/prussia.html (1120 words)

	West Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1657 Poland lost the northwestern fragments of Royal Prussia which were taken by Brandenburg (marked in blue on the map) and later bacame part of Pomerania.
		The province of Royal Prussia was mostly inhabited by Catholics of Polish (or Cashubian) ethnicity and a significant German (partially Lutheran) minority, which was predominant particularly in the cities, as Gdansk (German: Danzig) and Torun (Thorn).
		The areas of the former West Prussia east from the Vistula River (shown in green and pink) also remained German and were incorporated into East Prussia.
	www.polishroots.org /genpoland/westpr.htm (338 words)

	Royal Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Royal Prussia (Polish : PrusyKrólewskie, German : Königliches Preussen)was a Polish province formed from the western part of the Lands of the Teutonic Order following the Thirteen Years War or "War of the Cities".
		The eastern part of Prussia remained under the rule of the Order and its successors, until 1660 under Polish suzerainty as aPolish fief, becoming the Duchy of Prussia in 1525 when the Order's GrandMaster Albert of Brandenburg adopted Lutheranism and secularised his land as hereditary ruler.
		Until the 1569 Union of Lublin, Royal Prussia enjoyed substantialautonomy in its affiliation to the crown of Poland - it had its own Diet, treasury and monetary unit and armies.
	www.therfcc.org /royal-prussia-37748.html (294 words)

	Canadian Journal of History: Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569-1772, The (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		One major result of this new arrangement was the division of Prussia into two parts: the western lands, under the name of Royal Prussia, remained part of Poland; however, the eastern lands, with Konigsberg (Krolewiec) as their capital, continued to be ruled by the Order.
		She shows clearly that even though Royal Prussia existed as an integral part of the Polish state, the Prussian estates enjoyed separate institutions and extensive economic privileges.
		In the eighteenth century the centralizing policies of the Polish crown and its failure to protect the state boundaries weakened the loyalty of the Royal Prussian burghers to the Commonwealth.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200112/ai_n9004488 (964 words)

	Ducal Prussia - Psychology Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Ducal Prussia was, between 1525–1657, a fief of Poland.
		The peace treaty of Toruń (1466) had left eastern Prussia as a fief of the Polish crown.
		After Germany was defeated in World War II, and sanctioned by the Potsdam Conference, the southern two thirds of East Prussia were assigned to Poland, and the northern part annexed by the Soviet Union.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Ducal_Prussia (376 words)

	H-Net Review: Elizabeth A. Drummond on The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and ...
		Polish histories of Royal Prussia have emphasized the loyalty of Prussian elites to the Commonwealth and then their betrayal of the Commonwealth during the era of the partitions, as well as the continuous presence of an ethnic Polish population and of Polish culture and language.
		The eastern territories, Ducal Prussia, remained under the administration of the Teutonic Knights and owed an oath of allegiance to the Polish crown.
		The western territories of Prussia, Royal Prussia, were incorporated into the Polish crown, on the basis of the Incorporation Act of 1454, which confirmed all the privileges and rights that the Prussian estates had previously enjoyed.
	www.h-net.org /review/hrev-a0d3g2-aa (1659 words)

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