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Topic: Rubidium standard

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	Rubidium standard - Biocrawler
		In telecommunication, a rubidium standard is a frequency standard in which a specified hyperfine transition of electrons in rubidium-87 atoms is used to control the output frequency.
		Note: A rubidium standard consists of a gas cell, which has an inherent long-term instability.
		This instability relegates the rubidium standard to its status as a secondary standard.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Rubidium_standard (73 words)

	Frequency Standards - An Introduction
		The secondary, and tertiary standards are traceable to the primary standard.
		Cesium (caesium) Standard: The cesium standard is the primary standard of time/frequency.
		Rubidium Standard: Rubidium is known as the secondary standard for time/frequency.
	www.tutorialsweb.com /rf-measurements/frequency-standards/frequency-standards-index.htm (779 words)

	Rubidium Frequency Standard - Symmetricom
		Most rubidium frequency standards use a modulation rate that is comparable to the atomic line width, thus producing a recovered signal that contains a large 2nd harmonic component.
		Symmetricom's 8130A rubidium frequency standard uses the former, but with a new implementation employing an 8th-order switched capacitor filter which provides superior 2nd harmonic rejection along with excellent phase stability.
		Based on many years of refinement, the 8040 rubidium physics package is a design that offers high reliability supported by tens of thousands of fielded units.
	www.symmttm.com /rubidium-frequency-standard.html (371 words)

	rubidium - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Rubidium is not found uncombined in nature but occurs widely distributed in lepidolite (the major source), carnallite, pollucite, and some rare minerals, and with lithium in seawater, brines, and natural spring waters.
		Although rubidium is much more abundant in the earth's crust than chromium, copper, lithium, nickel, or zinc, and about twice as abundant in seawater as lithium, it did not become available commercially until the early 1960s as a byproduct of the manufacture of lithium chemicals.
		Rubidium was discovered with cesium in 1861 by R. Bunsen and G. Kirchhoff ; these were the first elements discovered by spectroscopic analysis.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-rubidium.html (373 words)

	Introduction to Quartz Frequency Standards - Oscillator Comparison and Selection
		n atomic frequency standards, the output signal frequency is determined by the energy difference between two atomic states, rather than by some property of a bulk material (as it is in quartz oscillators).
		It consists of a rubidium frequency standard, a low-power and high-stability crystal oscillator, and control circuitry that adjusts the crystal oscillator's frequency to that of the rubidium standard.
		The rubidium standard is turned on periodically (e.g., once a week) for the few minutes it takes for it to warm up and correct the frequency of the crystal oscillator.
	www.ieee-uffc.org /freqcontrol/quartz/vig/vigcomp.htm (792 words)

	PRS10 - Rubidium Frequency Standard
		All commercial rubidium frequency standards operate by disciplining a crystal oscillator to the hyperfine transition at 6.834,682,612 GHz in rubidium.
		The crystal oscillator is stabilized to the rubidium transition by detecting the light dip while sweeping an RF frequency synthesizer (referenced to the crystal) through the transition frequency.
		Manufacturers of rubidium frequency standards sometimes use a crystal frequency that is an exact sub-multiple of the hyperfine transition frequency in order to simplify the design of the RF frequency synthesizer.
	www.thinksrs.com /products/PRS10.htm (1111 words)

	910/910R GPS Controlled Frequency Standards Features
		Typically, users have used another frequency reference (for example, a rubidium standard), a timer/counter and a PC for logging the deviation between the "fl box" and the frequency reference.
		Fluke offers two standard models in its controlled frequency standards range; the very-high stability 910R with its built-in rubidium atomic clock as the local oscillator, and the affordable 910 with its high stability local oven controlled crystal oscillator.
		For the ultra-stable rubidium oscillator in the 910R, there is no measurable difference between the stability in Disciplined and Hold-Over mode, for averaging times up to 1000 s.
	www.fluke.com /products/view/features.asp?SID=1&AGID=1&PID=23382&logo=n (1354 words)

	Sync University
		ANSWER: A Rubidium atomic standard is considered a "secondary atomic standard" because a free-running Rubidium oscillator by itself does not meet the guaranteed frequency accuracy criteria of a Primary Reference Clock (PRC) as stipulated.
		The Rubidium standard is extremely stable but its free-running accuracy is likely to be (better than) 1 part in 10E9 whereas a PRC requires an accuracy of 1 part in 10E11.
		For a Rubidium unit to have 1-part-in-10E11 accuracy it needs a disciplining source, the most common choice being GPS.
	www.syncuniversity.org /drsync/q62.php (112 words)

	Rubidium Frequency Standard - FS725
		The FS725 integrates a rubidium oscillator (SRS model PRS10), a low-noise AC power supply, and distribution amplifiers in a compact, half-width 2U chassis.
		The FS725 is an ideal instrument for calibration and RandD laboratories, or any application requiring a precision frequency standard.
		There are two alarm relays that indicate the status of the rubidium oscillator lock state and synchronization to an external 1pps input.
	www.thinksrs.com /products/FS725.htm (501 words)

	GPS10RB GPS Disciplined, Rubidium Frequency Standard
		The GPS10RB is a 10 MHz, GPS disciplined, rubidium frequency standard (5 MHz output optionally available).
		Rubidium still gives an accurate output without a GPS satellite signal.
		Main rubidium oscillator and all outputs are 5 MHz instead of 10 MHz.
	www.ptsyst.com /rubidiumfrequencystandard.html (208 words)

	PlanetAnalog.com - Symmetricom Adds Low Phase Noise Option to Rubidium Frequency Standard
		Designed around Symmetricom's award winning X72 rubidium oscillator, which is deployed worldwide as the reference oscillator in wireless base stations, the 8040C is field configurable, allowing the instrument to support changing functionality in evolving systems.
		The 8040C Rubidium Frequency Standard with the low phase noise option is available immediately for purchase.
		Since 1985, the company's timing, frequency and synchronization solutions have helped define the world's standards, delivering precision, reliability and efficiency to wireless and wireline networks, instrumentation and testing applications and network time management.
	www.planetanalog.com /printablePressrelease.jhtml?HeadlineId=X358689&CompanyId=1 (516 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : rubidium : standard reduction potentials
		The standard reduction potentials given here for aqueous solutions are adapted from the IUPAC publication reference 1 with additional data and an occasional correction incorporated from many other sources, in particular, references 2-7.
		A.J. Bard, R. Parsons, and J. Jordan, Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions, IUPAC (Marcel Dekker), New York, USA, 1985.
		Copyright 1993-2007 Mark Winter [The University of Sheffield and WebElements Ltd, UK].
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Rb/redn.html (223 words)

	Time & Frequency Standards, Disciplined Rubidium Frequency Standards, Distribution Amplifiers, Frequency Reference
		A portable reference standard for ultra-stable GPS-controlled Rubidium reference with near-Cesium accuracy; the GPS-12R is the recognized measurement device for telecom and wireless communication field applications where battery operation with zero warm up after transportation, and hold-over drift rate of less than 1microsecond after 24 hours for uninterrupted operation is required.
		As a NIST traceable frequency standard, the GPS-12R is ideally suited as the in-house frequency standard for all test equipment.
		For greater stability employ the Rubidium Frequency Standard 6689, ensuring frequency drift due to aging of less than 0.001ppm per 10 year period.
	www.pendulum-instruments.com /eng/htm/freqstand.php (346 words)

	Rubidium Standard - Category: Calibration
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		All used test and measurement equipment is supplied with standard accessories and operating manuals.
		Standard warranty is 90 days parts and labor.
	www.labx.com /v2/spiderdealer2/vistaSearchDetails.cfm?LVid=3312604 (146 words)

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