Rubidium-Strontium dating

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	Radiometric dating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Radiometric dating is a technique used to date materials based on a knowledge of the decay rates of naturally occurring isotopes, and the current abundances.
		Finally, fission track dating involves inspection of a polished slice of a material to determine the density of "track" markings left in it by the spontaneous fission of uranium-238 impurities.
		Another relatively short-range dating technique is based on the decay of uranium-238 into thorium-230, a process with a half-life of 80,000 years It is accompanied by a sister process, in which uranium-235 decays into protactinium-231, which has a half-life of 34,300 years.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radiometric_dating (2179 words)

	Rubidium-strontium dating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The rubidium-strontium dating method is a radiometric dating technique that geologists use to determine the age of rocks.
		The utility of the rubidium-strontium isotope system results from the fact that different minerals in a given geologic setting can have a distinctly different ratio of Strontium-87 to Strontium-86 (
		The Rb-Sr dating method has been used extensively in dating rocks.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rubidium-strontium_dating (331 words)

	Radioactive Dating
		For geologic dating, where the time span is on the order of the age of the earth and the methods use the clocks in the rocks, there are two main uncertainties in the dating process:
		For geologic dating, the age calculation must take into account the presence of the radioactive species at the beginning of the time interval.
		Because the radioactive half-life of a given radioisotope is not affected by temperature, physical or chemical state, or any other influence of the environment outside the nucleus save direct particle interactions with the nucleus, then radioactive samples continue to decay at a predictable rate.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/nuclear/raddat2.html (529 words)

	rubidium-strontium dating -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Potassium-bearing minerals including several varieties of mica, are ideal for rubidium–strontium dating as they have abundant parent rubidium and a low abundance of initial strontium.
		Rubidium-87 comprises 27.85 percent of the total atomic abundance of rubidium, and of the four isotopes of strontium, only...
		The dating of the Chu graves of Changsha
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9377275 (900 words)

	Radioisotope Dating Methods that date the rock, not the fossil itself.
		Since the radioisotope dating techniques, discussed on this web page, do not date the fossil but the rock surrounding the fossil; We need to look at a different set of assumptions than is necessary when considering either C-14 or Amino Acid dates.
		Radioisotope dating methods that date the rock, and not the fossil itself produce much longer ages than the radioisotope dating methods that only date the fossil itself.
		(K/Ar) Potassium Argon Dating I An Introduction of the K/Ar dating process, both atoms and reactions are explained.
	www.creation-science-prophecy.com /dating.htm (533 words)

	rubidium-strontium dating
		a radiometric dating method whereby the ratio of rubidium isotope to strontium in a mineral is used to calculate the age of the mineral, based on the rate of radioactive decay of rubidium to strontium.
	www.infoplease.com /ipd/A0632526.html (52 words)

	Unreliability of Radiometric Dating and Old Age of the Earth
		The uncertainties inherent in radiometric dating are disturbing to geologists and evolutionists...
		Radiometric dating is predicated on the assumption that throughout the earth's history radioactive decay rates of the various elements have remained constant.
		It's not surprising that K-Ar dates often agree with the assumed dates of their geological periods, since the dates of the geological periods were largely inferred from K-Ar dating.
	www.bible.ca /tracks/dating-radiometric.htm (20799 words)

	rubidium-strontium dating
		A form of radiometric dating that relies on the 47-billion-year half-life of radioactive isotopes of rubidium, which decay into isotopes of strontium, to determine the age of rocks in which strontium is present.
		Rubidium-strontium dating is used for rocks that are at least 10 million years old, deep-Earth plutonic rocks, and Moon rocks.
	www.webref.org /geology/r/rubidium-strontium_dating.htm (120 words)

	Rubidium-Strontium Dating
		Strontium ions have the same charge, and similar ionic radii to Calcium, so for a rock containing diopside (
		) one would expect a relatively large amount of both strontium isotopes in these two minerals.
		At this point, all ions are locked up in the individual crystals by amounts that depend on their charge and ion size.
	www.astro.lsa.umich.edu /users/cowley/RbSr (1225 words)

	Radioactive Dating
		All rocks are capable of acommodating some amount of rubidium, even when there isn't an obvious substitution.
		might be the mineral K-spar, where rubidium can substitute for potassium because of its similar ion size.
		In the case of the lunar rocks these initial ratios were taken from old meteorites.
	www.astro.lsa.umich.edu /users/cowley/rbsr.html (270 words)

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	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #5192191 - Rubidium-strontium dating of clayey sediments
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		Krasnobaev, A.A. Ronkin, Yu.L. Lepikhina, O.P. Publication Date
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=5192191 (116 words)

	Clocks in the Rocks
		The rubidium/strontium dating method deals with both of those difficulties by using the non-radioactive isotope strontium-86 as a comparison standard.
		The rubidium-strontium pair is often used for dating and has a non-radiogenic isotope, strontium-86, which can be used as a check on original concentrations of the isotopes.
		The ratios of rubidium-87 and strontium-87 to the strontium-86 found in different parts of a rock sample can be plotted against each other in a graph called an isochron which should be a straight line.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/nuclear/clkroc.html (752 words)

	Radiometric dating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rubidium-strontium dating is based on the beta decay of rubidium-87 to strontium-87, with a half-life of 50 billion years.
		Radiometric dating is the determination of the date at which materials were formed by analyzing the decay of radioactive isotopes that were incorporated into the material when it was created and which presumably have not diffused out.
		The uranium-lead radiometric dating scheme is one of the oldest available, as well as one of the most highly respected.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radiometric_dating (752 words)

	Radiometric dating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rubidium-strontium dating is based on the beta decay of rubidium-87 to strontium-87, with a half-life of 50 billion years.
		Radiometric dating is a technique used to date materials based on a knowledge of the decay rates of naturally occuring isotopes, and the current abundances.
		Another relatively short-range dating technique is based on the decay of uranium-238 into thorium-230, a process with a half-life of 80,000 years It is accompanied by a sister process, in which uranium-235 decays into protactinium-231, which has a half-life of 34,300 years.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radiometric_dating (752 words)

	Radiometric dating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rubidium-strontium dating is based on the beta decay of rubidium-87 to strontium-87, with a half-life of 50 billion years.
		Radiometric dating is a technique used to date materials based on a knowledge of the decay rates of naturally occuring isotopes, and the current abundances.
		The uranium-lead radiometric dating scheme is one of the oldest available, as well as one of the most highly respected.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radiometric_dating (752 words)

	Clocks in the Rocks
		The rubidium-strontium pair is often used for dating and has a non-radiogenic isotope, strontium-86, which can be used as a check on original concentrations of the isotopes.
		If you had 100% pure parent element when you began a dating process, then radioactive dating would be extremely reliable since the radioactive half-life of a given isotope is quite independent of any natural forces save direct collision-type interactions with the nucleus.
		Lead 204, which is not produced by radioactive decay provides a measure of what was "original" lead.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/nuclear/clkroc.html (752 words)

	Rubidium/Strontium Dating of Meteorites
		From an example by Jelley, the following five chondritic meteorites are reported to have the following proportions of the rubidium and strontium isotopes:
		Sr is of non-radiogenic origin and can be used as a reference concentration to imply the original concentration of
		This data was plotted with the spreadsheet Excel as shown below.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/nuclear/meteorrbsr.html (259 words)

	1.0_ClocksInRocks
		For example, decay of the parent isotope Rb-87 (Rubidium) produces a stable daughter isotope, Sr-87 (Strontium), while releasing a beta particle (an electron from the nucleus).
		Numerical dating, the focus of this exercise, takes advantage of the "clocks in rocks" - radioactive isotopes ("parents") that spontaneously decay to form new isotopes ("daughters") while releasing energy.
		The Geologic Time Scale was originally laid out using relative dating principles.
	vflylab.calstatela.edu /VirtualDating/files/1.0_ClocksInRocks.html (259 words)

	radiodte.htm
		In this method, there is no need to estimate the amount of daughter element that may have contaminated the sample, because if any strontium or rubidium has been removed or added from the original rock, this will produce a point that lies outside the isochron line, thus indicating that the sample has been contaminated.
		None of the creationists has ever explained why, if all of the radio-dating methods are so unreliable, hundreds of different samples tested by hundreds of different laboratories all over the world, using a variety of different radio-dating methods, have all agreed on the same date for the age of the earth--approximately 4.5 billion years.
		Therefore the uranium-lead dating technique tends to give a wider range of dates than other methods, and it is generally considered to be the least precise of the radio-dating methods.
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Hangar/2437/radiodte.htm (259 words)

	Contradictions in Radiometric Dating :: Creation :: blogorithm
		The public has been greatly misled concerning the consistency and trustworthiness of radiometric dating techniques (the potassium-argon method, the rubidium-strontium method, and the uranium-thorium-lead method).
		Contradictions in Radiometric Dating :: Creation :: blogorithm
		One of the interesting sections of his book, In the Beginning, addresses assumptions that are held by those who apply radiometric dating to support the evolutionary origin of man. He writes,
	www.blogorithm.com /archives/2004/08/contradictions.php (274 words)

	Radiometric dating
		Other types of radiometric dating include rubidium-strontium, samarium-neodymium, potassium-argon, argon-argon, uranium-thorium, optically stimulated luminescence dating and uranium-lead.
		Radiometric dating is based on forms of radioactive decay in which the atomic nucleus emits a neutron or alpha particle and becomes a different element or isotope.
		Radiometric dating is the determination of the date at which materials were formed by analyzing the decay of radioactive isotopes that were incorporated into the material when it was created and which presumably have not diffused out.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/radiometric_dating (715 words)

	Information Handout: Carolina Slate Belt Gold Deposits
		Radiogenic isotope studies (uranium-lead, samarium-neodymium, rubidium-strontium) of rocks and minerals, argon-argon dating of rocks and minerals, and uranium-thorium-lead dating of zircons are being done to provide a chronological framework of the mineralizing events.
		Radiogenic isotope compositions of neodymium and lead indicate that the gold deposits are underlain by deep-seated rocks (basements), which are not found west of the Carolina slate belt, but which occur as part of a trend that stretches to the northeast and southwest for hundreds of miles.
		Lead isotopic variations of the major gold deposits in the slate belt also show that the gold was remobilized after its initial deposition.
	pubs.usgs.gov /info/ayuso1 (715 words)

	Book Encyclopedia - Web Library
		Radioactive potassium-40 is common in micas, feldspars, and hornblendes, though the blocking temperature is fairly low in these materials, about 125 °C. Rubidium-strontium dating is based on the beta decay of rubidium-87 to strontium-87, with a half-life of 50 billion years.
		This scheme is used to date old igneous and metamorphic rocks, and has also been used to date lunar samples.
		In this case, the half-life is usually given is for the entire chain, rather than just one step in the chain.
	www.bookencyclopedia.com /index.php?title=Radiometric_dating (715 words)

	Radiometric Dating
		The samarium-neodymium method may be preferred for rocks that have very little potassium and rubidium, for which the potassium-argon, argon-argon, and rubidium-strontium methods might be difficult.
		Be assured that multiple dating methods used together on igneous rocks are almost always correct unless the sample is too difficult to date due to factors such as metamorphism or a large fraction of xenoliths.
		In fact, close agreement between methods for most samples is a hallmark of radiometric dating.
	www.asa3.org /ASA/resources/Wiens.html (715 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		N44420 --Environmental & Earth Sciences--Radiometric Techniques--Soil; 510101 --Environmental Sciences, Terrestrial--Basic Studies--Radiometric Techniques; AGE ESTIMATION-- ISOTOPE DATING;ISOTOPE DATING-- DATA PROCESSING;DATA;DIGITAL SYSTEMS;GEOLOGY;RADIOMETRIC ANALYSIS;ROCKS;RUBIDIUM ISOTOPES;SPECTROSCOPY;STRONTIUM ISOTOPES
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #4124794 - Electronic data processing and radiometric age determinations
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4124794 (89 words)

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