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Topic: Rudolf I of Habsburg

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Rudolph I of Habsburg

Albert I of Hapsburg

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Battle of Sempach

Battle of Morgarten

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Canton of Zurich

1282

	Rudolf of Habsburg
		Rudolf was shrewd enough to abstain from attempting forcibly to increase his constitutional powers, and contented himself with preserving such domains and rights as were still left to the crown.
		But it was not the warlike measures of Rudolf, but the defeat of Siegfried near Worringen in 1288 by the Duke of Brabant in the quarrel concerning the inheritance of Duke Walram of Limburg that curbed the ambitious efforts of the archbishop.
		Rudolf was more successful in his efforts (1289) to settle the disputes in the House of Wettin.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/r/rudolf_of_habsburg.html (973 words)

	Rudolf v. Habsburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Rudolf I (1218 - 1291 Speyer) was the founder of the House of Habsburg.
		He is the founding father of the dynasty that was to rule Austria and the Habsburg domains for 700 years.
		But only the death and defeat of his opponent, King Ottokar II of Bohemia, assured Rudolf´s ultimate victory and gave him the duchies of Austria, Styria, and Carinthia.
	www.kunsthistorischesmuseum.at /arch/arch_E/frame7a3e_x_E.htm (104 words)

	Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rudolf II von Habsburg was an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, king of Bohemia, and king of Hungary.
		Although Rudolf was a learned man, he was incapable of ruling because he was plagued by melancholy and later became subject to occasional fits of insanity.
		Rudolf's turbulent reign was a prelude to the Thirty Years' War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor (368 words)

	Rudolph I of Germany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rudolph was the son of Albert IV, count of Habsburg, and Hedwig, daughter of Ulrich count of Kyburg, and was born at Limburg an der Lahn.
		The support of Albert duke of Saxe-Lauenburg, and of Louis II count palatine of the Rhine and duke of upper Bavaria, had been purchased by betrothing them to two of Rudolph's daughters; so that Otakar II king of Bohemia, a candidate for the throne, was almost alone in his opposition.
		In November 1274 it was decided by the diet at Nuremberg that all crown estates seized since the death of the emperor Frederick II must be restored, and that Otakar of Bohemia must answer to the diet for not recognizing the new king.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Habsburg (1017 words)

	History of THE HABSBURGS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		But Rudolf is a powerful leader and a German, well suited to challenge the growing power of the Slav king of Bohemia, Otakar II, whose election as duke of Austria has represented a major enroachment on German territory.
		Thus the central region of the Habsburg inheritance, the heart of their realm until 1918, is assembled by the end of the 14th century.
		On the mountain slope of Morgarten, on the border of Schwyz, the glittering Habsburg array is met on November 15 by a much smaller citizen army drawn from the farmers of Schwyz, Uri and Unterwalden.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac77 (1047 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Vienna
		After the extinction of the Babenbergs in 1246, Vienna came briefly under King Ottokar II of Bohemia, but he was expelled in 1278 by the German king Rudolf I of Habsburg and from that time the city was a possession of the Habsburg family.
		Rudolf IV of Habsburg, called The Founder, made an indelible impact on Vienna, completing the construction of Saint Stephen’s Cathedral, founding the university (1365), and launching municipal reforms.
		The title of Holy Roman emperor became hereditary in the Habsburg family in the 15th century, and the Habsburgs added Hungary and Bohemia to their domains in 1526.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761565932___5/Vienna.html (553 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Rudolf of Habsburg
		Austrian lands had to be given up and were formally granted by Rudolf to his sons, as according to the prevailing laws of the empire, the sovereign could not retain confiscated lands.
		German king against the powerful Charles of Anjou in order to check his power in the south of the peninsula, Rudolf was always able to skilfully avoid the overtures; even the attractions of the imperial crown were of no account in the eyes of this sober and calculating prince.
		In Burgundian affairs he interfered only as far as his action was likely to increase the power of his house, by strengthening it on the imperial frontiers towards Burgundy.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13218b.htm (1017 words)

	Austria's links to the Habsburg Dynasty
		In 1273, Count Rudolf of the Habsburg family, a Swiss nobleman, was elected King of Germany.
		Within a decade, Rudolf secured the agreement of the Imperial Diet and the Prince Electors for the formal acceptance of his sons Albert and Rudolf to preside over Austria and Styria.
		In the park of Hellbrunn Palace, a statue commemorates Empress Elisabeth, wife of Franz Joseph I; the palace belonged to the heir apparent and was used by Archdukes Rudolf and Franz Ferdinand.
	www.luxurytraveler.com /habsburgs.html (1147 words)

	Dragon Key Press Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Habsburgs were to be tied to this cross roads of cultural and political intrigue for a Millennium.
		From Radbot’s marriage alone, the Habsburgs claimed descent from the dukes of Lorraine, and were related to the dukes of Swabia, as well as the Capetian kings of France.
		Von Habsburg was born in Reichenau, Austria on November 20, 1912 as the eldest son of Archduke Karl and Princess Zita von Bourbon-Parma, who in 1916 became the Emperor and Empress of Austria, King and Queen of Hungary.
	www.dragonkeypress.com /articles/article_2004_10_24_3605.html (3314 words)

	William Tell, Tax Rebel - Mises Institute
		Count Rudolf II of Habsburg (died 1232) acquired the territories of Schwyz, Uri, Unterwalden and Lucerne.
		Rudolf had already been in control of much of the route from the Rhine to Schwyz and Unterwalden as protector of the monasteries there or as the representative of the emperor.
		Rudolf's son, Albert, was elected emperor in 1298, and successfully bullied Zurich from joining the League, but the successors of Rudolf—Adolf I, Albert I, Henry VII, and Louis IV—were too distracted elsewhere to intervene in Switzerland, although the Habsburgs refused to relinquish any of their feudal claims.
	www.mises.org /fullstory.asp?control=1478 (1589 words)

	Austria
		Rudolf of Habsburg (1218-1291) and Maria Theresa (1717-1780)
		Both are from the House of Habsburg, which the nation was to be bound to in the multinational state.
		Rudolf of Habsburg was the progenitor of the ruling dynasty.
	www.dhm.de /ausstellungen/mythen/english/oester.html (703 words)

	Crime At Mayerling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The murder/suicide of Crown Prince Rudolf Habsburg, the son of Emperor Franz Joseph and Empress Elisabeth of Austria, and the beautiful young Baroness Mary Vetsera on January 30, 1889, at the royal hunting lodge in Mayerling, was a mystery then and, to a large degree, has remained a mystery to this day.
		Prominent among them was that Rudolf was assassinated by the Austrian secret police because of his "radical" politics, and his willingness to identify with the rebellious Hungarians.
		Further, Rudolf had for a long time opposed his father's policy when it came to relations with Germany and, unacceptable to the Emperor, his son was a member of the Freemasons which at that time was banned in Austria.
	www.austria.org /nov95/crime.htm (838 words)

	The Ghosts of Mayerling: The death of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria-Hungary (1858-1889) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Rudolf and his mistress Baroness Marie Vetsera were found dead at the Crown Prince's hunting lodge, Mayerling.
		Rudolf, Zita believed, refused to partake in the conspiracy and was killed to secure his silence.
		Rudolf's death brought ruin to his parents' marriage, uncertainty over the imperial succession, and ultimately the end of the ancient house of Habsburg.
	www.eurohistory.com /mayerling.html (1254 words)

	History of AUSTRIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		But the turning point is his perception that the wealth of Burgundy (whose ruler Charles the Bold has no male heir) could be linked to the imperial dignity (held by the Habsburgs) to the mutual advantage of both houses - a perception so sound that the imperial crown becomes, in succeeding generations, a Habsburg inheritance.
		For half a century the Habsburg brothers Charles and Ferdinand are the dominant figures of southern and central Europe, from Spain to Austria.
		The far-flung dynastic realm of the Habsburg family (medieval in concept, although compiled by Maximilian I as recently as the 15th century) is thus split into two empires - of Spain and Austria - held by separate Habsburg dynasties.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac43 (1915 words)

	Prague during the Rule of Rudolph II (1583-1612 A.D.) \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Rudolf II, son of Maximilian II, was named Holy Roman Emperor in 1576, and returned the court to Prague in 1583, after its temporary relocation to Vienna.
		The emperor's ambitions as an architectural patron are evidenced by his redesign and expansion of the castle, the construction of a new town hall and archbishop's palace, and the commissioning of several new churches.
		In addition to stimulating culture in Prague through enlightened patronage and collecting, Rudolf II offered direct support of the arts, visiting his artists in their workshops and raising the status of the local painters' guild from the level of a craft to that of a liberal art.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/rupr/hd_rupr.htm (669 words)

	Austria and the rise of the Habsburgs in Germany (from House of Habsburg) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Austria and the rise of the Habsburgs in Germany (from House of Habsburg) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Albert IV's son Rudolf IV of Habsburg was elected German king as Rudolf I in 1273.
		It was he who, in 1282, bestowed Austria and Styria on his two sons Albert (the future German king Albert I) and Rudolf (reckoned as Rudolf II of Austria).
	0-www.britannica.com.library.unl.edu /eb/article-32089 (114 words)

	RUDOLPH I. - LoveToKnow Article on RUDOLPH I. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		count of Habsburg, and Hedwig, daughter of Ulrich count of Kyburg, was born at Limburg on the 1st of May 1218.
		Rudolph died at Spires on the 15th of July 1291 and was buried in the cathedral of that city.
		Him, Rudolf von Habsburg (Vienna, 1874); H. von Zeissberg, Ueber das Rechtsverfahren Rudolf von Habsburg gegen Ottokar von Bhmen (Vienna, 1882); H. Otto, Die Beziehungen Rudolfs von Habsburg zu Papst Gregor X. (Erlangen, 1893); A. Busson, Der Krieg von 5278 und die Schlacht bei Drnkrut (Vienna, 1880); and 0.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /R/RU/RUDOLPH_I_.htm (1086 words)

	European royalty Austria: Crown Prince Rudolf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Rudolf's suiside is one of the most storied romances of 19th century European royalty.
		Rudolf subsequently became ardently enamored of a beautiful young lady in the court, the Baroness Marie Vetsera, spawning one of the most notorious love affairs of the 19th century.
		Rudolf was a sick and depressed young man in an uncertain postion, a loveless marriage, wanted love from a distant mother, and felt afraid and unworthy of his father.
	histclo.hispeed.com /royal/ost/royal-ausrud.htm (1427 words)

	Crown Prince Rudolf History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In contrast to the traditional education of an archduke, Rudolf 's course of studies was rather liberal and middle-class.
		Rudolf appeared to be genuinely in love, but his mother regarded her new daughter-in-law as a "clumsy oaf"!
		Rudolf was officially declared to have acted in a state of "mental unbalance" in order to enable a church burial in the vault of his ancestors.
	www.austrian-mint.com /e/rudolfhist.html (1002 words)

	Schloß Schönbrunn- - Habsburgs
		After Rudolf I of Habsburg had been elected Roman-German King in 1273, he enfeoffed his sons with the former Babenberg archduchies of Austria and Styria in 1282.
		From then on the imperial title was to remain in the possession of the Habsburgs (with one brief interlude from 1741 to 1745) until the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire.
		Married to Franz I Stephan of Lorraine, she continued the traditional Habsburg policy of marriage alliances, marrying off the majority of her 16 children to members of various royal houses in Europe and thereby earning herself the epithet of 'the mother-in-law of Europe'.
	www.schoenbrunn.at /en/site/publicdir/0103040000_eb.php (1419 words)

	Hapsburgs
		Rudolf's claim to the imperial crown was contested by Alfonso X of Castile and Ottokar II of Bohemia.
		Born in Vienna, the son and successor of Emperor Maximilian II, Rudolf II of Habsburg served as Holy Roman Emperor (1576-1612), King of Hungary (1572-1608), and King of Bohemia (1575-1611).
		Rudolf's ability to rule was impaired by frequent fits of insanity and by a passionate interest in science, to which he devoted most of his time.
	www.geocities.com /historyofaustria/habsburgs.html (6790 words)

	A marrige is arranged
		The Habsburgs eventually lost the last of their Swiss lands (including the Habsburg castle) in the early 15th century, but the family remained a dominant force in the German-speaking world.
		The Spanish Habsburg line died out in the year 1700, and in 1713, after a European war, was succeeded on the throne of Spain by the French Bourbon dynasty.
		After the sensational suicide of Crown Prince Rudolf in 1889, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian thrones was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the Emperor’s nephew (son of his brother Karl Ludwig).
	www.kaiservilla.com /Kaiservilla2/the_house_of_austria.html (1021 words)

	www.austria.info.at - austria - austria.info.at - Information Austria hotels travel journey vacation tourism / Austria ...
		Contesting the election of Rudolf I of Habsburg as Emperor, Ottokar was defeated and killed by the German King, who took Austria and gave it to his sons in 1278.
		The Habsburgs' hereditary territories, however, were soon separated from this enormous empire when, in 1520, Emperor Charles V left them to the rule of his brother, Ferdinand.
		Habsburg expansion into Hungary, however, led to frequent conflicts with the Turks, particularly the so-called Long War of 1593 to 1606.
	www.matrei.info.at /english/history (3407 words)

	New Page 4
		Elected to succeed Rudolf I of Habsburg; claimed title to Holy Roman Empire but never crowned; gained control of Meissen and Thuringia (1294-96); deposed (1298) in favor of Albert I and killed soon after in battle of Gollheim.
		The son of the German king Albert I (1250?-1308), Frederick became duke of Austria in 1306 and was elected king of Germany by a minority of electors in 1314; the majority favored Louis IV, duke of Bavaria.
		Rudolf was killed in 1080, and Henry regained control of Germany.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/Germany.htm (7424 words)

	history2a
		The bishop of Strasburg Walther of Geroldseck is defeated at the Battle of Hausbergen by the troups of Strasburg, leaded by Rudolf of Habsburg.
		Rudolf of Habsburg destroys the castle Reichenstein near Reichenweier.
		Lauterburg rise up against Rudolf of Habsburg, who besieges the town and takes it after a resistance of several weeks.
	www.geocities.com /bfel/history2a.html (1018 words)

	Impressionen aus Wien (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The oldest surviving parts of the cathedral - the Main Portal and the heidentürme towers on the western facade - are of Roman heritage, from the Bohemian King Otokar II.
		In 1359, Rudolf IV of Habsburg (known as 'der Stifter' or 'the donor' for his generous donations) laid the conerstone for the complete reconstruction of the cathedral in the Gothic style.
		Next to the elevator is the way down to the catacombs, which were used as mass graves during the plagues and where 15 members of the early Habsburg dynasty are entombed.
	www.best-of-austria.com /tour/e-stephan.htm (278 words)

	RULERS OF AUSTRIA (ÖSTERREICH)
		Habsburg Dukes of Austria, Archdukes of Austria from 1453
		Son of Albrecht IV of Habsburg; abdicated, died 1291
		Son of Rudolf I; abdicated, murdered 1308 by Johann son of Rudolf II Rudolf II Son of Rudolf I; abdicated, died 1290
	www-personal.umich.edu /~imladjov/AustrianRulers.htm (1001 words)

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