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Topic: Rudolf Schoenheimer

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	Schoenheimer, Rudolf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Schoenheimer used deuterium to replace some of the hydrogen atoms in molecules of fat, which he fed to laboratory animals.
		This meant that, contrary to previous belief, there was a constant changeover in the body between stored fat and fat that was used.
		Schoenheimer used the isotope nitrogen-15 (prepared by US chemist Harold Urey, also at Columbia) to label amino acids, the basic building blocks of proteins, and again found that component molecules of the body are continually being broken down and built up.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/S/Schoenheimer/1.html (150 words)

	Botany online: MIRROR SITE: Chronology - Historical Developments - Biological Sciences
		Rudolf Virchow applied the cell theory to problems of pathology and disease and set forth the illuminating principle that the outward symptoms of disease are merely the reflections of impairment at the level of cellular organization.
		Rudolf Schoenheimer and David Rittenberg first used isotopes as tracers in the study of intermediate metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids.
		Rudolf Schoenheimer applied radioactive tracers to the study of the biosynthesis of cell structures and concluded that the body is in a state of dynamic equilibrium.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e01/geschichte.htm (15153 words)

	AllRefer.com - tracer (Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		About these sorts of experiments, however, the argument could always be made that the derivatives were "unphysiological," that is, did not occur naturally and might be handled by the enzymes of the body differently than "physiological" compounds.
		This difficulty was overcome in 1935 when Rudolf Schoenheimer and David Rittenberg described the use of the isotope deuterium (identical to the hydrogen atom except that it contains an extra neutron) in following biochemical reactions.
		They argued persuasively that deuterium-labeled compounds (those having a deuterium atom substituted for a hydrogen) were essentially indistinguishable from nonlabeled compounds as far as metabolic processes were concerned but that the amount of deuterium in any given sample could be quantitatively determined by the properties of the water produced upon combustion of the sample.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/tracer.html (423 words)

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