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Topic: Rudolph Carnap

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	Rudolf Carnap -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Initially Carnap's main interest was physics but his intended studies were halted by (Click link for more info and facts about WW I) WW I, during which he served.
		Following the acceptance of his thesis in 1922 Carnap continued to work on issues in physics from a philosophical perspective as a (Someone who maintains that any statement that cannot be verified empirically is meaningless) logical positivist.
		Carnap and some of the circle's other members also met occasionally with (British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951)) Wittgenstein when he was in Vienna.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ru/rudolf_carnap.htm (608 words)

	Rudolph Carnap
		Carnap's "The Old and the New Logic" appeared in the first issue of "Erkenntnis," the short-lived journal of the Logical Positivists, and showed the full pretensions of the young logical Positivists and the kind of energy that set their movement rolling.
		Carnap's purpose in "Psychology in Physical Language" was to show that every sentence of psychology may be formulated in physical language.
		In the case of psychology, Carnap stated that all of the sentences in psychology can be expressed in a physical language so that if the physical language were chosen as the system language then the protocol languages of psychology would become a subset of the physical language as a result all science would become physics.
	n4bz.org /gsr11/gsr1104.htm (1227 words)

	Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Carnap reveals that his purpose is to relativize such questions to a language, and that this approach does not require the sort of "Platonic ontology" which assigns to such "abstract entities" a "reality" beyond the empirical world, but is "perfectly compatible" with the empiricist/positivist account of knowledge.
		Carnap shows how from his point of view these questions are solved by distinguishing internal from external questions.
		Carnap concludes by attributing the view that "external questions" are meaningless to the founders of positivism movement, as well as to young Wittgenstein.
	www.loyno.edu /~folse/carnap1.htm (4479 words)

	MainFrame: The Life of Rudolf Carnap
		Carnap attended lecture courses given by Frege, two on his Begriffschrift and one on Logik in der Mathematik, though the philosophical signficance of Frege's work was not made clear.
		Though Carnap was excluded from the beginning of 1929, he was still exposed to the continuing development of Wittgenstein's view through the systematic expositions which he attempted for the circle.
		Carnap observes that the state of Logic teaching in the USA was much better than in Europe, so the USA was much more fertile ground than Europe for developing scientific philosophy.
	www.rbjones.com /rbjpub/philos/history/rcl002.htm (1622 words)

	Rednova NEWS \| Logical Positivism, Naturalistic Epistemology, and the Foundations of Psychology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Carnap's theory of induction was designed to be a purely logical account, analogous to deductive logic, and one that was quantitative in nature, with the concept of inductive support being characterized as the relation of partial validity holding between the premises of an argument and the conclusion.
		Although Carnap was not always clear about it, he seems to have believed that methodology was an empirical study of scientific procedure, an account of the procedures used and resu\lts obtained, which in turn was to be analyzed behavioristically in terms of the behavior of testing and the behavior of noting the results.
		Carnap's naturalistic semantics, epistemology, and philosophy of science, far from being incompatible with naturalistic epistemology, are in fact compatible with the kind of naturalism that Smith (1986) suggests is present in neo-behaviorism.
	www.rednova.com /modules/news/tools.php?tool=print&id=91658 (6994 words)

	Carnap, Rudolf [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Rudolf Carnap, a German-born philosopher and naturalized U.S. citizen, was a leading exponent of logical positivism and was one of the major philosophers of the twentieth century.
		Carnap thus defines analytic statements as logically determined statements: their truth depends on logical rules of inference and is independent of experience.
		Carnap deals with (i) the distinction between observational and theoretical terms, (ii) the distinction between analytic and synthetic statements and (iii) quantitative concepts.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/c/carnap.htm (5674 words)

	Foundations of Mathematics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Frege was also the inspiration for Rudolph Carnap and the various schools of Logical Positivism which continued to wrestle with the problems generated by the new physics.
		Rudolph Carnap: studied at Jena 1910-14 where he attended Frege's lectures and joined Schlick's circle in 1926, and collaborated with a group of Positivist Empiricists in Berlin led by Hans Reichenbach.
		Carnap was not concerned with the problem of how people arrived at an understanding of the world, which was relegated to psychology, but sought to develop a logical grounding for empirical knowledge.
	mia.marxists.org /reference/subject/philosophy/help/maths.htm (3348 words)

	[No title]
		While Carnap worked at this tirelessly and remained tolerant of alternative frameworks, his tolerance was not much imitated nor were his principles well understood and adopted.
		Beyond pure logic and mathematics, Carnap's approach % % recognized within the sciences commitments aptly called a priori - those not % % tested straightforwardly by observable evidence, but, rather, presupposed in % % the gathering and manipulation of evidence.
		Rudolph Carnap (1950) of \textit{external principles} (his examples include the view that they are physical objects).
	www.ou.edu /ouphil/faculty/chris/crittex/carnap.tex (2001 words)

	Lexikonia - le informazioni circa Rudolf Carnap (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Rudolf Carnap (18 maggio 1891 - 14 settembre 1970) è stato un noto filosofi celebri Germania, membro del Circolo di Vienna ed influente esponente del neopositivismo.
		A Vienna Carnap fu coinvolto nelle attività del Circolo di Vienna (Wiener Kreis), un gruppo di intellettuali e scienziati diretti da Moritz Schlick e comprendenti tra l'altro Hans Hahn, Friedrich Waissman, Otto Neurath, e occasionalmente visitato da Kurt Gödel e Carl Hempel.
		Carnap e alcuni degli altri membri del circolo si incontravano occasionalmente anche con Ludwig Wittgenstein nel periodo in cui questo si trovava a Vienna.
	www.lexikonia.org /16984_rudolf_carnap.htm (490 words)

	[No title]
		Rudolph Carnap was a distinguished philosopher, and member of the Vienna Circle.
		In 1952 Carnap was working at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and about to publish a work on his dualistic theory of information, according to which epistemological concepts like information should be treated separately from physics.
		One sees, therefore, why von Neumann rejected Carnap’s attempt to divorce knowledge from physics: large tracts in his book were devoted to establishing their marriage.
	www-physics.lbl.gov /~stapp/Chapt6.doc (1719 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Introduction to Symbolic Logic and Its Applications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Rudolf Carnap was one of the greatest philosophers of the 20th century, and the only student of Frege's worth thinking about.
		Carnap trained as a mathematician; surprisingly, his text is of value mainly for philosophers.
		Rudolf Carnap is the one of the most famous analytic philosophers of 20th Century and he is one of the leaders of Vienna Circle.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0486604535/fiftiesweb-20 (664 words)

	Meaning and Definitions
		Carnap explains why the idea of a meaningful sentence must be reined in, and presents the three criteria as a ruleset that does just that.
		Carnap, as well as others of the school, thought that there should be a way to differentiate the real things from seeming things.
		Carnap concluded, although not in these words, that the problem with Heidegger’s ado about Nothing, was that it was negative.
	www.christian-philosopher.com /documents/Definitions.html (5125 words)

	Carnap Rudolf from FOLDOC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A leading logical positivist, Carnap (1891-1970) proposed in Der logische Aufbau der Welt (The Logical Structure of the World) (1929) and Logische Syntax der Sprache (The Logical Syntax of Language) (1934) that all meaningful assertions in a description of reality must be derived from basic statements of experience.
		Carnap's influential articles "Pseudo-Problems in Philosophy" (1928) and "The Elimination of Metaphysics trough Logical Analysis of Language" (1932) propose that many traditional philosophical disputes amount to little more than differences in poetic rhetoric.
		Carnap's notions about the formation of scientific theories are expressed in Philosophical Foundations of Physics (1966).
	lgxserver.uniba.it /lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?Carnap (216 words)

	Glossary of People: Ca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Carnap studied mathematics, physics, and philosophy at the University of Jena where he attended Gottlob Frege’s lectures, which exerted a deep influence on him.
		Carnap brought to this group the techniques of Frege’s symbolic logic which he held to be superior to the discursive methods of traditional logic.
		Carnap now argued that the terms of empirical science are not fully definable in purely experiential terms, but that statements that cannot be tested by observational findings were meaningless.
	www.marxists.org /glossary/people/c/a.htm (2944 words)

	RUDOLPH CARNAP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Coffa, J. The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: to the Vienna Station.
		Carnap's Construction of the World: the Aufbau and the Emergence of Logical Empiricism.
		This site will always be a work in progress as a result of which pages will be found at varying stages of completion.
	humanities.uwichill.edu.bb /RLWClarke/PhilWeb/Contemporary/AngloAmerican/Analytic/logicalpositivism/Carnap/Carnap.htm (169 words)

	Words on Music - review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		And Rudolph Carnap was the central figure of the "Vienna Circle," a group of philosophers who called for the use of logic and scientific rigor in philosophical discourse, attributes that Babbitt has sought to bring to musical discourse and expression.
		The "synthesis" provided by a Schenkerian reading of a piece is used as a framework from which to understand the contextual parallelisms that occur at various levels of the work.
		Rudolph Carnap is the third member of Babbitt's "Viennese triangle." Though Carnap receives little direct attention in these lectures, his work and the work of the logical positivist movement has had an implicit impact upon Babbitt's musical outlook.
	home.earthlink.net /~minhnghia/wordsaboutmusic.html (2472 words)

	Psychozoan: Wonderful Horrible Story of Logical Positivism
		Carnap proposed that responses to requests for confirmation could be reduced to simple physical acts whose meanings could not be misinterpreted.
		Carnap's formula begged the question of whether physical acts actually reproduce the psychological states they are intended to reflect, as (in this case) the observation of towns painted red.
		Carnap himself quickly abandoned his proposed physicalism for the virtues of a kind of linguistic multiculturism.
	baharna.com /psychozoan/9701/logical.htm (1981 words)

	Someplace Somewhere - Quine's Two Dogmas of Empiricism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		For example, Carnap's Aufbau was devoted to showing how all talk of material objects could be reduced to talk about possible or actual sense experience (or "sense data": think of this as the "picture" that is impressed on the back of your retina when seeing, or similar data received from other senses).
		Carnap himself realized the project failed later in life, but Quine had a lot to do with pointing out where and why it failed.
		Russell and the logical positivists accepted this dogma, and Carnap's project in the Aufbau was to reduce talk of physical objects, e.g.
	www.someplacesomewhere.com /topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=6717 (6172 words)

	CHOMSKY, COGNITIVISM, AND CARNAP
		Rudolph Carnap in his " Testability and Meaning " avers that confirmation over verification is required when the sentences at issue involve theoretical terms, in particular theoretical terms that appear to "intervene" as explanatory of behavior under certain conditions.
		Carnap insisted on an operationalist approach to the introduction of theoretical terms such as solubility.
		What is important is the influence or Carnap's thinking on the matter of reduction and confirmation in psychology and indirectly at least, or so I maintain, on both Chomsky and the behaviorists.
	www.personal.kent.edu /~pbohanbr/Webpage/New/Bayne/C3.html (2013 words)

	Rudolf Carnap on IALs
		Carnap was an analytical philosopher who was a member of the Vienna Circle, a group of philosophers, scientists, mathematicians, logicians and social scientists which met during the 1920's and 30's.
		Carnap was involved, among other things, with the construction of logical languages, and wrote "The Logical Syntax of Language".]
		I think it might lead to fruitful results if some of those logicians who find satisfaction and enjoyment in designing new symbolic systems would follow the example of Leibniz, Descartes, Peano and Couturat and direct their thought to the problem of planning an international language.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/5037/carnap.html (991 words)

	[No title]
		I think what Quine is saying here (and I could be wrong) is that there are commitments when and only when there are sentences of one of two forms: (1) "there exists x such that..." and (2) "for all x, where x ranges over a non-null domain, x...".
		Carnap's aim --- use of language referring to abstract entities is compatible with empiricism and does not imply embracing Platonic realism.
		Carnap regards external questions (such as whether numbers are real entities) are pseudo-questions where those arguing both sides are not using the same language/background to argue.
	www.yellowpigs.net /philosophy/metaphysicsexam/metaphysics-anthology.txt (6290 words)

	[No title]
		Rudolph Carnap (1891-1970) attraversò tre diverse fasi di pensiero che sono espresse nelle sue tre opere fondamentali: La costruzione logica del mondo, Sintassi logica del linguaggio, Introduzione alla semantica.
		In tal senso Carnap dichiara che non si può uscire dal solipsismo metodico, perché le proposizioni protocollari enunciano esperienze strettamente personali, anche se il valore di tali proposizioni è «comunicativo» e anche se l'aspirazione è che esse siano assunte come valide universalmente.
		Nella terza fase del suo pensiero Carnap porta poi il suo discorso sul linguaggio dal piano formale della sintassi logica a quello dei «significati» delle proposizioni, cioè a quello di ciò che è designato da esse e dalle loro relazioni.
	www.filosofia.unina.it /tortora/sdf/Dodicesimo/XII.9.html (1944 words)

	Touchstone Archives: Escape from Vienna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Worthy of more special mention are Herbert Feigl (1902–1988) and Rudolph Carnap (1891–1970), inasmuch as these two, in the 1930s, immigrated to this country and began their very successful careers as authors and college professors.
		The present graduate student in physics or mathematics, for example, may never have heard of Rudolph Carnap or A. Ayer, whereas it is not at all unlikely that he has read Thomas Kuhn or Karl Popper or Willard Van Orman Quine.
		When Carnap says that the “only proper task of Philosophy is Logical Analysis,” this statement is not, in itself, an obvious proposition, a proposition known tautologically, the denial of which would violate the principle of contradiction.
	www.touchstonemag.com /archives/article.php?id=14-07-028-f (4690 words)

	Carnap Exam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		According to Carnap, the distinction between observables and unobservables is:
		According to Carnap, the distinction between empirical laws and theoretical laws is to be found in:
		According to Carnap, the primary value of a new theory is its ability to:
	www.calpoly.edu /~fotoole/321.1/carnm.html (199 words)

	Encyclopedia: Rudolph Carnap (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In 1928 Carnap published Der logische Aufbau der Welt, in which he argued for an empiricist reconstruction of scientific knowledge, redefining concepts by phenomenalistic language, based on experience.
		Carnap Carnap biography and ideas from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
		Click for other authoritative sources for this topic (summarised at Factbites.com).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Rudolph-Carnap (509 words)

	Ralph Dumain: "The Autodidact Project": Bibliography: Vienna Circle, Karl Popper, Frankfurt School, Marxism, ...
		Carnap (1931) deems metaphysics as an historical substitute for theology.
		This article, based upon his 1942-47 correspondence with Rudolf Carnap, shows that Popper's critique of scientific socialism had less to do with Marx's social goals than with the attitudes that Marxists adopted toward their means of achieving them.
		It also reveals how Carnap, who tried to keep his politics separate from his epistemology, managed to mix the two when refusing to give Popper his wholehearted support in finding both publisher for The Open Society and Its Enemies and a position that would give him greater opportunities for research.
	www.autodidactproject.org /bib/vienna1.html (4766 words)

	CSHPS-SCHPS
		Otto Neurath, a Vienna Circle colleague of Rudolph Carnap, bears an interesting relation to the Carnap-Quine debate over analyticity because he was both a naturalist and a logical empiricist.
		However, by considering Neurath’s philosophical position as he articulated it in the 1910’s, I hope to draw more subtle connections between Quine and Carnap that would discourage a view of their ambitions as necessarily opposed (and the consequent assumption that Quine overcame logical empiricism).
		It has been argued that the root of their disagreement derived from a genuine lack of engagement over what was to count as an argument for or against analyticity – and more generally what even constituted a philosophical question.
	www.er.uqam.ca /nobel/r20430/schps_quebec_2001/steed.htm (391 words)

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