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	Rukai (Betekenis/definitie van)
		Het is opmerkelijk dat Rukai een niet-geclassificeerde taal is binnen de Tsouïsche talen.
		Het Rukai is de meestgesproken taal van de vier Tsouïsche talen, en één van de bekendste Formosaanse talen.
		Sommige taalkundigen classificeren het Rukai als een Paiwanische taal, mede doordat er een Paiwanische invloed is. Er bestaat een vaste grammatica in het Rukai.
	www.mijnwoordenboek.nl /encyclopedie/NL/Rukai (361 words)

	Rukai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Rukai living in the east consist of the Danan group, also called the eastern Rukai group, living along Luchia Creek near the edge of the Taitung plain.
		The Rukai are distributed throughout Pingtung and Taitung counties.
		The largest concentration of Rukai is in Wutai Township of Pingtung County, followed by Peinan Township of Taitung County, Maolin Township of Kaohsiung County, and Santimen Township of Pingtung County.
	www.tacp.gov.tw /english/intro/nine/rukai/rukai1.htm (128 words)

	Rukai - Wikipedia
		Rukai, ook wel Drukay, Drukai, Dyokay, Dukai, Rutkai, Tsarisen, Tsalisen, Sarisen, Banga, Bantalang, Bantaurang, Taloma of Kadas
		Sommige taalkundigen classificeren het Rukai als een Paiwanische taal, mede doordat er een Paiwanische invloed is. Er bestaat een vaste grammatica in het Rukai.
		Het Rukai kent 22 medeklinkers en 3 klinkers.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rukai (254 words)

	Rukai people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Rukai village Chief visiting Department of Anthropology in Tokyo Imperial University during the Japanese rule.
		Rukai (Chinese: 魯凱族) is one tribe of Taiwanese aborigines.
		In the year 2000 the Rukai numbered 12,084.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rukai (126 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Paiwan are concentrated in Pingtung County while the Rukai mostly live on the eastern and western sides of the Central Mountain Range in southern Taiwan.
		The Paiwan and Rukai are noted for their outstanding wood and stone sculptures.
		Past Paiwan and Rukai communities were composed of noble families, the commoners, and tenant farmers, but inter-class marriages were allowed.
	members.tripod.com /kelly_yunya/pages/people.htm (2140 words)

	Real-life encounters with Rukai and Paiwan aboriginal culture in Pingtung
		He is also a Rukai treasure because he is responsible for passing on the legends of the tribe.
		Rukai tribal legend says that long ago two brothers set out with their cloud leopard, which led them to an area with natural surroundings which was very favorable for a settlement.
		He says that its attractions are a crystal-clear river and homes decorated with designs unique to its occupants, such as a stone carving of Jesus the shepherd on the front of the pastor's house, carvings of swift runners on the front of an Olympic medalist's home, and traditional motifs that define social class.
	www.taiwanfun.com /central/taichung/articles/0405/0405Rukai.htm (733 words)

	TiT Scenery: A Visit to Maolin: Fascinating Rukai Aboriginal Homeland
		The Rukai is a relatively small tribe, with a population of 7,800 distributed throughout the southern part of Taiwan's Central Mountain Range.
		In the Rukai language it is aptly termed, Luomuszu, meaning "beautiful valley." There Musheng Creek converges with the Chuokuo River to form the deep clear waters of Blue Water Pool.
		Rukai women are skilled weavers and the men excellent wood and stone carvers.
	www.sinica.edu.tw /tit/scenery/0296_Maolin.html (1361 words)

	Welcome to Kaohsiung County (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Rukai also believe that they are the offspring of a cottonmouth.
		The totem of cottonmouth represents the spirit of their ancestors for it is believed that Rukai is the offspring of a cottonmouth.
		The building, which aims at passing on Rukai culture, is shaped like a slate slab house with display of embroidery, knitting, urns, and decoration of cottonmouth.
	www.kscg.gov.tw /kcsg-eng/Tourism-Popular_52.html (694 words)

	Rukai的網路日誌 -
		Rukai at 無名小站於 03:51 PM 發表
		Rukai at 無名小站於 05:14 PM 發表
		Rukai at 無名小站於 05:54 PM 發表
	www.wretch.cc /blog/Rukai&article_id=904461 (104 words)

	Taiwan Festivals
		Rukai, one of the aboriginal tribes in Taiwan, inhabit the mountains separating Hsinchu and Miaoli counties, with the approximately 7,000 people.
		Wutai, a mountain township of Pingtung County, is the major settlement of Rukai eight villages, and Dananshe of Benan town in Taitung County over the Central Mountain is inhabited by part of Rukai.
		The Rukai has population more than 8,000, and they believe the sun and hundred-pacer snakes are the symbol of the Rukai ancestors according to legend.
	edu.ocac.gov.tw /local/web/Eng/Content.aspx?Para=40&Class=3&Control=3 (341 words)

	Ethnographic Arms & Armour - Formosa Hill Tribe Swords ( for Yuanzhumin ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Concerning the swords or knives, the Paiwan (and the sub-groups which the Rukai are among) and the Yami that inhabits the Orchid Island (Lanyu in chinese, Botel Tobago former name), that are very well known for their pirogues, adorns their sheaths with motives.
		In the case of the Rukai, like on your sword, Rick, the serpent is fundamental as it is reprensenting the main ancestor of the tribe, a pattern that can be found on nearly every Paiwan objects.
		It is definitely a Rukai chief with the right of the nobility to wear a dress made of snow leopard skin, the feather in the head ornament, the sun made of teeth (usually pigs teeth; in this case, leopard teeth) on the front of the cap and the shell band over the shoulder.
	www.vikingsword.com /vb/showthread.php?p=15401 (5542 words)

	Art and Handicrafts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Paiwan, Rukai, Puyuma, and Yami tribes of southern Taiwan were skilled at making relief or three-dimensional wood carvings.
		Although Rukai carvings are similar to those of the Paiwan, there is less variety.
		Among the Paiwan and Rukai, ceramic jars were considered hereditary treasures of the nobility.
	www.tacp.gov.tw /ENGLISH/intro/cul/art.htm (1278 words)

	Welcome to Taiwan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		For this reason, it is known as "the Baguio of Taiwan." This is the largest and most important Rukai settlement in Pingtung and encompasses, in addition to Wutai itself, the villages of Ali, Quwu, Haocha, Dawu, and Jiamu.
		The hundred-pacer snake is the symbol of the Rukai ancestors, and it features prominently together with human beings in the wood and stone carvings of the tribespeople.
		This is a virtual open-air museum that enables local and foreign visitors alike to understand and enjoy the special nature of aborigine culture, and to gain a deeper respect for these original inhabitants of Taiwan.
	202.39.225.132 /jsp/Eng/html/travel_tour/journey_content.jsp?journey_id=252 (753 words)

	G a c k t S y n d r o m ...
		At the beginning they are mistrusting each other, but after fighting together they become friends; Son invites them to his house, where they meet his younger sister, Yi-che, who takes care of their injuries.
		Two killers of the Rukai, who have restrained Toshi some hours before (just when he was told that her mother would have come there the day after), come to the park where the group of friend is. Toshi is killed in front of them, but one of the killers dies, too...
		Sho and Kei fight against the members of the Rukai in the hiding-place in which the boy, Toshi and Shinji have grown up.
	www.gackt-camui.net /en_moontrama.htm (1033 words)

	Amazon.com: Rukai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Houses and woodcarving of the Budai Rukai by ChÊ»i-lu ChÊ»eÌn (Unknown Binding - 1958)
		Basketry of the Budai Rukai by ChÊ»i-lu ChÊ»eÌn (Unknown Binding - 1958)
		in the west, to the Rukais and Tsous of the Malayo-Polynesian...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&platform=gurupa&keywords=Rukai&search-type=ss&index=blended&page=1 (664 words)

	TiT Culture: The Tribes of Taiwan
		Their economic activities, social strata, and kinship are similar to those of the Paiwan, with the distinction that the Rukai practice primogeniture.
		Rukai houses are built of wood, bamboo, and thatch as well as stone slab.
		Rukai women are good cloth and basket weavers, and Rukai men are good wood carvers.
	www.sinica.edu.tw /tit/culture/0795_TribesOfTaiwan.html (1850 words)

	intro. of Taiwan Mountain Aborigines
		Their reason is that family members are not animals, so why should they not be buried out in the fields where they will suffer from the wind and rain.
		The corpse was then placed in the hole by the eldest son or nearest kin, facing the direction in which the sun set.
		This is because the Rukai believed that death was like the setting of the sun.
	members.tripod.com /hula1978/aborigines.htm (2062 words)

	Dialogue Between Nations
		Rukai people went hunting around but not close to lakes.
		Hunting was the basis of Rukai social structure.
		The rules which Rukai had to obey were: to avoid close to lake; to keep quiet when go by the lake; to leave one leg of which animal Rukai get and so on.
	www.dialoguebetweennations.com /N2N/PFII/English/LiuTzuMing.htm (416 words)

	Taipei Times - archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In Kochapongan, the Rukai simply exchanged goods, or took what they needed from mother nature on their land until currency was introduced by city workers.
		Facing prospect of disbursal of the tribe due to lack of the critical cohesive force that the Rukai tribe's understanding of its culture and people might bring, members of the tribe founded the "Return to Kochapongan Movement" in 1990.
		Activities to trace the roots of the tribe in Kochapongan are held twice a year and have influenced young people to discover and affirm their ties with their own people.
	www.taipeitimes.com /News/archives/2000/08/08/0000046910/wiki (1257 words)

	NATIONAL TAX ADMINISTRATION OF SOUTHERN TAIWAN
		Paiwan and Rukai are blessed with the artistic gift among all the Aboriginal tribes in Taiwan, both clans have choose Pintung county in the southern Taiwanese.
		It is Rukai clan’s culture characteristic to respect the clouded leopard, because of clouded leopard's legend lead the east Rukai clan to found good benefactor tea and to settled down, so the clansman never kills the clouded leopard, but clouded leopard's fur and tooth are exclusive ornaments for chiefs and noble men.
		The engraving work frequently pleasing the eye and tells the Rukai's life in details: Women weave cotton cloth, elders in clan, hunter hero, hunting trip…,The rock board lane incorporating all Rukai's culture, it always amazed the passing traveler, it is the best way to taste the Rukai culture.
	www.ntas.gov.tw /county/pintunghsien_b/english/rs_pingtung_3.jsp (570 words)

	Taiwan Minority > Quintessential China > Costume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Rukais are divided into three tribes, of which the western Rukai has the largest population.
		The tribe with the smaller population is eastern Rukai and is distributed throughout Dongxing and Beinan.
		One of the differences is that the Paiwans leave their family fortunes to the eldest child, but the Rukai leave their inheritance to the eldest male.
	www.womenofchina.com.cn /quintessential_china/costume/9249.jsp (1175 words)

	UH Press Journals: Oceanic Linguistics, vol. 36, no. 2 (1997)
		Rukai includes six dialects, Tanan, Budai, Labuan, Maga, Tona, and Mantauran, of which more is known about some than others.
		The Budai dialect of Rukai (south-central Taiwan) has contrastive stress, and Malcolm Ross has argued that it correlates significantly with Philippine evidence, thus providing the basis for a reconstruction of PAN stress contrasts.
		Closer attention to the Rukai evidence shows that this argument is unsupported, as the exceptions are nearly as numerous as the agreements, forcing us to conclude that the history of stress in Budai Rukai is unconnected with that of Philippine languages.
	www.uhpress.hawaii.edu /journals/ol/OL362.html (1023 words)

	[No title]
		In Rukai eyes, the work of the men was to hunt, and the work of the women was to tend the crops, keep animals, gather foods, and weave cloth.
		Therefore, what I am interested in is if the Rukai hunting system involves underlying mechanisms that allow them to hunt continuously without depleting and extinguishing their major game species in the region, even though in recent years the primary hunting motivation is primarily for meat market in the lowland areas.
		More ironically, the Rukai has long been regarded as the main cause of natural resources degradation by the government, even through the setting of natural protected areas is because of their long-term efforts.
	courses.washington.edu /devonp/HuntingActivitiesinKochapogan.doc (5268 words)

	da13
		Rukai Tribe is mainly distributed over the mountains of southern Taiwan, placed between two powerful tribes¡XPuyuma Tribe and Paiwan Tribe, so often gives people a conservative impression.
		Its myths, religious belief, economic life, and the worship of spiritual snake totem (ÆF³D) show the spirit and the structure of the tribe, and represent the traits of cultural activity of dance, which is natural and realistic.
		Cheering in the Harvest Festival, singing and dancing in the ritual plaza, the creation of joy of the whole tribe has been handed down to the life of each generation, and will still be done forever.
	www.wfjh.kh.edu.tw /dona/dance/da13.htm (254 words)

	An Introduction to the Paiwan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The lily could be considered the insignia of the Rukai representing feminine purity and male hunting skills.
		Rukai women who have had premarital sexual relations cannot wear lilies in their wedding ceremonies.
		Tradition says that after the ancestors of the Rukai inhabited the area around the Kenduer Mountains after landing on the eastern coast.
	edu.ocac.gov.tw /local/tour_aboriginal/english/a/08.htm (318 words)

	The Cape of Storms ..... version 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Ten years later, Shou is 19 and he, togheter with Kei and Toshi, attacks the local mafia "Rukai" in an attempt to get their money.
		During the battle they meet a youth, Son, who is also trying to annihilate the Rukai.
		She has been the target of violence from the Rukai and because of the shock she has become unable to speak.
	www.sushirock.org /hyde/e-moon_plot.html (375 words)

	Coding of Grammatical Relations in Mantauran (Rukai)
		The position of Mantauran in the Rukai family remains controversial because the structure of this dialect has been obscured by drastic phonological and syntactic changes.
		Syntactically, it differs from the other Rukai dialects and the Formosan languages as a whole: (1) it lacks the nominal case marking commonly found in most of these languages, (2) it has bound pronouns which tend to coalesce with the verb stem, (3) the third person pronoun has been reanalyzed as a "non-agent" agreement marker.
		The pronominal agreement of Mantauran is further illustrated by a text given in the appendix.
	saturn.ihp.sinica.edu.tw /~bihp/68/68.1/zeitoun_index.html (166 words)

	Celebrating 93rd Double Tenth National Day - Republic of China(Taiwan) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Special healing rituals for women are conducted by a female priest during new moons, and ncestor worship rites are also held at this time of :he month in late summer or early fall.
		The Paiwan are concentrated in Pingtung County while the Rukai mostly live on the eastern and western sides of the Central Mountain Range in southern Taiwan.
		The Paiwan and Rukai are noted for their outstanding wood and stone sculptures.
	www.bruneidirect.com /New_bizcentre/BR/new_clients/taiwan/people_language.html (4463 words)

	Special exhibit showcases Rukai traditional culture
		The Rukai number around 10,000, mostly concentrated in the mountains of southern Taiwan.
		The tribespeople call themselves "the people of the cloud leopard," as, according to tribal legend, it was the tracking skills of a cloud leopard that enabled the Rukai to discover their homeland, which they called Kochapongane, but is now known as Old Haucha.
		Lhidaku was not only a national treasure for the beauty of his artwork, but was also one of the people charged with passing on the oral legends of Old Haucha.
	www.taiwanfun.com /north/taipei/recreation/0311/0311ccRukai.htm (310 words)

	Taiwan - People
		The tunics and robes that they wear on special occasions are intricately embroidered in fl and silver and represent their affinity to tradition.
		Then brawny and strong tribesmen in ceremonial attires swing the ladies as high as they can, and later the girls are carried off their swings and dropped into the arms of their most faithful admirers.
		Like the Rukai, the Puyuma also prefer to live on the foothills of the central mountain range, near Taitung.
	www.marimari.com /content/taiwan/general_info/people/people.html (747 words)

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