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Topic: Rulers of Japan

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List of Emperors of Japan

Emperor Hanzei of Japan

Emperor Richu of Japan

Empress Jito of Japan

Emperor Buretsu of Japan

Emperor of Japan

Shogun

Ashikaga shoguns

Emperor Ninko of Japan

Emperor Kosho of Japan

Emperor Kotoku of Japan

Emperor Annei of Japan

Transitional shoguns

Emperor Sujin of Japan

Ashikaga Yoshiakira

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	Japanese Culture - Royalty - The Imperial Family
		According to the historical chronicles of ancient Japan, the Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters, AD712) and the Nihon Shoki (Chronicle of Japan, AD720), the sun goddess Amaterasu Omikami presented the sanshu no jingi or Imperial Regalia to her grandson, Ninigi no Mikoto.
		It wasn't until Tokugawa Ieyasu became Shogun of the recently reunited Japan at the beginning of the Edo Period (1600~1868) that the imperial institution regained some of its former glory, if not its power.
		The fact that his and Masako's first child was a girl (Aiko) and Masako was reaching an age where another child was increasingly unlikely, there were renewed moves to revise the Imperial House Law to allow female members of the family to ascend to the throne.
	www.japan-zone.com /culture/imperial.shtml (1064 words)

	Japan - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Japan (日本, Nippon/Nihon, literally "the origin of the sun") is a country in East Asia situated on a chain of islands east of the Asian continent on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean.
		Japan is a temperate region with four distinct seasons, but because of its great length from north to south, its climate varies from region to region: the far north is very cold in the winter, while the far south is subtropical.
		Japan maintains one of the world's largest fishing fleets and accounts for nearly 15% of the global catch, prompting some claims that Japan's fishing is leading to overdepletion in fish stocks such as tuna.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Japan (3839 words)

	Japan to 1615 by Sanderson Beck
		Korean scholars were sent to Japan in the fourth century by the king of Paekche, but Japanese military assistance requested against the kingdom of Silla in 391 arrived too late to save Paekche.
		In 660 Paekche asked for Japan's help against Chinese forces and Silla; but after their army was defeated three years later, Japan withdrew from Korea and exchanged ambassadors with the Tang court.
		Japan used conscripted armies to subjugate the Edo in the north and the Hayato in southern Kyushu.
	www.san.beck.org /3-11-Japanto1615.html (17262 words)

	Japan Culture and History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Japan is theoretically ruled by a God Emperor who is the direct descendant of the Sun Goddess Amaterasu, the Great Kami of the Sun, the Queen of Heaven.
		Clan rulers are buried in kofun (large tomb mounds), surrounded by haniwa (clay sculptures).
		Legends surrounding the founding of Japan are compiled as history in the Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) and the Nihon shoki (Chronicle of Japan).
	www.inisfail.com /~ancients/sam-cult-hist.html (1547 words)

	The Militant - 4/20/98 -- Economic Depression In Japan Gives Rulers Jitters
		"Japan is suffering from the debt deflation of the kind that afflicted the US in the 1930s," the editors of London's Financial Times asserted April 4.
		The Japanese rulers have been derided by their rivals in Washington and Europe for lacking a decisive course of action to resolve the crisis.
		"Japan has entered its first economy-shrinking recession for almost 25 years; and the latest news suggests that no one in authority is capable of doing anything about it," opined the editors of the March 21 Economist of London.
	www.themilitant.com /1998/6215/6215_3.html (980 words)

	Japan & External Influences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In the case of Japan, their origin can be traced to the seventh and eighth centuries, when the country chose to adopt Chinese notions of law and order.
		The head of the warriors in the late twelfth century, Minamoto Yoritomo (1147-99), cognizant that the military might alone be unable to control the region, obtained the imperial blessing in the form of an appointment as the emperor's highest ranking general, or generalissimo.
		In Japan (to a certain extent, this judgment could be applied to other Asian nations as well), laws are seen as necessary in order to maintain peace and harmony for the benefit of the social order.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~asiactr/haq/200004/0004a005.htm (2919 words)

	TCS: Tech Central Station - Japan Opens an Eye (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Japan has long struck a balance between the pacifism enshrined in its post-World War II constitution and the pragmatic need for a major nation to maintain military capabilities.
		Japan is conducting joint missile-defense research with the United States, despite opposition from China and Russia.
		Japan's growing focus on security is a positive development, for Japan and the international community more broadly.
	www.techcentralstation.com /031403A.html (705 words)

	Japan
		According to traditional Japanese mythology, Japan was founded in the 7th century BCE by the ancestral Emperor Jimmu, who started a line of emperors that were the nominal rulers of Japan for most of its history (although actual power was usually held by powerful court nobles, regents, or shoguns).
		Despite a major stock market crash in 1989, from which the country never fully recovered, Japan remains a global economic power and has recently begun to re-emerge as a strategic power, lending non-combat support to the Gulf War and the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
		In the premodern era, Japan developed a unique original culture, in its arts (ikebana, origami, ukiyo-e), crafts (dolls, lacquerware, pottery), performances (bunraku, dance, kabuki, noh, raku-go), and traditions (games, onsen, sento, tea ceremony, gardens, swords), as well as a unique cuisine.
	www.askfactmaster.com /Japan (3773 words)

	JAPAN PREHISTORY
		Japan did not have a long Bronze Age; bronze was mostly used for decorative objects such as mirrors.
		Ono Susumu, perhaps Japan’s most distinguished linguist, holds that Japanese is an Altaic language much influenced by the language of an early race of people in Japan (i.e., the Jomon).
		As there are no mentions of horses in Chinese records of Japan before this time, a theory has been advanced that a horse-riding people invaded Japan via Korea and established themselves as the rulers of Japan.
	mccoy.lib.siu.edu /~fl102/prehistory.html (1008 words)

	THE RISE OF JAPAN - Simply... A history of Japan and its neighbours.
		They were driven from southern Japan by waves of invading armies who also migrated from the mainland.
		From the 7th to the 10th century, the rulers of Japan were deeply impressed by the magnificence of the T’ang Dynasty.
		By the 1960s Tokyo was the world’s largest city and Japan came to dominate the global car and electronics industries.
	www.newint.org /issue231/simply.htm (900 words)

	Timelines: The History of Japan (4000 BCE - present) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Among these was the Yamato clan, whose rulers began the imperial dynasty that has continued to the present.
		Beginning of military rule, as samurai (warriors) replaced nobles as actual rulers of Japan.
		Japan as a world power in the twentieth century.
	www.askasia.org /teachers/Instructional_Resources/Materials/Timelines/T_japan_1.htm (317 words)

	History of Japan: An Annotated Directory of Internet Resources
		Japan Travel and Living Guide's presentation of general historical facts, organized by period and topic, with links and historic photo exhibitions
		Essays on famous samurai, samurai culture, miltitary rulers, emperors and empresses, and famous women; maps; battles; the Sengoku period; banners and crests; glossary; chronology, etc.
		Japan 1948-1951: Photography and Social Research during the Allied Occupation
	newton.uor.edu /Departments&Programs/AsianStudiesDept/japan-history.html (1470 words)

	Timeline of Japanese History
		Japan accepts the U.S. demands and opens its door for the first time in two centuries.
		New national policy is to make Japan a rich and powerful country, to prevent invasion by Western powers.
		Draw on your knowledge of Japan's geography, history, and cultural values to predict how its influence will be modified by other peoples and nations.
	www.askasia.org /frclasrm/readings/t000013.htm (1067 words)

	Tattoos.Com Ezine
		The earliest evidence of tattooing in Japan is found in the form of clay figurines which have faces painted or engraved to represent tattoo marks.
		By the seventh century the rulers of Japan had adopted much of the culture and attitudes of the Chinese, and a result tattooing fell into official disfavor.
		The first record of tattooing as punishment in Japan is found in a Japanese history compiled in 720 AD.
	www.tattoos.com /jane/steve/japan.htm (409 words)

	Japan Emperor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Minamoto, Ashikaga and Tokugawa shoguns respected the emperor and desired the favor of the emperor for their position as rulers of Japan.
		His Imperial Majesty AKIHITO, the 125th Emperor of Japan, the elder son of the late Emperor Shôwa (Hirohito) and Empress Kojun (Nagako), was born on 23 December 1933 at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.
		Her Imperial Majesty MICHIKO, Empress of Japan, (Michiko Kogo),, is the eldest daughter of the late Mr.
	www.sbceo.k12.ca.us /~vms/carlton/JapanEmperor.html (443 words)

	The Timeshare Beat: It's Your World; Japan Remains a Safe Haven for Foreign Travelers
		The incidence of violent crimes has gone up dramatically in Japan since the introduction of democracy and Western culture following the end of World War II in 1945, but the crime rate is still far below that of Western countries, and generally does not involve foreign victims.
		One often hears that in Japan women can walk alone, at all hours of the night, in city districts that are notorious for their low life and the presence of street thugs and professional gangsters without fear of being accosted, robbed or raped.
		This security factor is one of Japan’s greatest assets, and is an integral part of the attraction that the country has as a travel destination.
	www.thetimesharebeat.com /yourworld/safejapan.htm (726 words)

	Women and Women's Communities in Ancient Japan
		We know very little about Japan before the advent of writing, so piecing together women's lives and contributions to early Japanese history is as difficult as piecing together the lives and histories of the early Japanese.
		In the Nara and Heian periods, we are fortunate to have a well-developed, thriving, literate community of women both surrounding the court of the emperor as well as in the lesser courts of regional governors.
		For the reality of life for most married upper class women was loneliness; the cult of love in Heian Japan stressed extra-marital affairs and the sheer tedium of a cloistered life amplified the resentment towards one's spouse.
	www.wsu.edu /~dee/ANCJAPAN/WOMEN.HTM (3325 words)

	The Militant - October 2, 2000 -- Japan's rulers push militarization drive
		In scenes staged for dramatic impact on the watching crowds, troops rushed in to reinforce civilian rescue squads swamped by the "wounded." Shintaro Ishihara, the governor of the Tokyo prefecture, flew from neighborhood to neighborhood in a red rescue helicopter.
		The appearance of thousands of helmeted and armed troops in the heart of Japan's largest city and its capital was particularly significant, given that soldiers customarily wear civilian clothes in public.
		It is one of a number of signs of the determination of the capitalist rulers of Japan--the single imperialist power located in Asia--to beef up their military strength and project it abroad.
	www.themilitant.com /2000/6437/643710.shtml (1420 words)

	Japan, 1400-1600 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This trip exemplifies the active trade and communication between Muromachi Japan and the Asian continent, as well as the shogunate's enthusiastic support of interregional ties and Zen establishments.
		To stabilize the country and consolidate his control, he orders men to follow the professions of their fathers, binds the peasants to the land they farm, disarms all non-samurai, mints new coins, standardizes weights and measures, and exerts control over foreign trade.
		In addition to brutal killing and widespread destruction, large numbers of Korean craftsmen are abducted and transported to Japan.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/08/eaj/ht08eaj.htm (1695 words)

	Japan - free-definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Japan is also commonly divided into ten regions.
		People of Japanese hertitage returning to Japan from overseas have citizenship if their birth in a foreign country was registered on their behalf by a family member.
		Sometimes these returnees are not considered truely Japanese and sometimes suspected of being a descent of old feudal Burakumin "unclean" caste, a group of people known to have immigrated to South American countries, and subject to discrimination.
	www.netlexikon.akademie.de /Jp.html (3660 words)

	Japan: The Emperor'’s Charter Oath, 1868
		The train of circumstances precipitated by the Perry and Harris missions to Japan culminated in 1868 with the deposition of the Shogun, signaling the end of the Tokugawa era.
		The new Japan restored the emperor to a position of dignity and influence after the imperial court's two-and-a-half century subjection to the shogunate.
		All power and authority in the empire shall be vested in a Council of State, and thus the grievances of divided government shall be done away with.
	web.jjay.cuny.edu /~jobrien/reference/ob65.html (673 words)

	Japanese Emperor
		According to mythology, Japan's first Emperor Jimmu, a descendant of the Sun Goddess Amaterasu, was enthroned in the year 660 BC.
		Despite the fact that the effective power of the emperors was limited or purely symbolic throughout most of Japan's history, all actual rulers, from the Fujiwara and Hojo regents to the Minamoto, Ashikaga and Tokugawa shoguns respected the emperor and were keen in having the imperial legitimization for their position as rulers of Japan.
		With the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the Tokugawa shogunate was overthrown, and Emperor Meiji became the head of state.
	www.japan-guide.com /e/e2135.html (259 words)

	Emperors, Empresses, Shoguns and Rulers of Japan since 660 B.C. until Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Emperors and Empresses of Japan are of one single unbroken family-tree from the beginning of prehistory to -- whenever history ceases to be, or so people believe.
		That's why in the history of Japan there is always a footnote about Lady Masako, her unofficial title being 'Shogun Nun' ('Ama-Shogun' in Japanese).
		Click here for story and pictures of how Toyotomi Hideyoshi became the one and only 'parvenu samurai' and a jumper of all ranks in the sociopolitical pyramid of Japan -- he was, just in case you forget, the son of a farmer.
	www.geocities.com /nobukaze23/nihon.htm (1546 words)

	Indian, Chinese, & Japanese Emperors
		Their rulers saw themselves as universal monarchs, thereby matching the pretentions of the Roman Emperors in the West.
		While Wang Chêng was the son of the wife of Chuang-Hsiang, she may have already been pregnant, previously having been the concubine of another man, like the Empress Eudocia Ingerina at the beginning of the Macedonian Dynasty of Romania.
		One of the rulers of the Kingdom of Shu, in Szechwan, was Wang Chien (907-918).
	www.friesian.com /sangoku.htm (12062 words)

	Rissho Ankoku Ron: Subversive Nature of Nichiren’s Prophetic Stance
		Primarily the prophets were charged by God to warn the rulers and the people that they were leading their country to ruin by defying God's demands.
		Like the prophets he came before the rulers of Japan with words of warning and words of hope.
		Unlike the prophets, Nichiren was not the representative of a deity, but he did come before the rulers and the people with a call to fidelity to the Truth and to a way of life that would restore justice and compassion to his society based upon the teachings of the
	nichirenscoffeehouse.net /Ryuei/RAR5.html (424 words)

	Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		image's famous film The Seven Samurai Japan's medieval era was characterized by the emergence of a ruling class of warriors called samurai.
		image Japan is generally considered to be a constitutional monarchy.
		image Japan, a country of islands, extends along the eastern or Pacific coast of Asia.
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/ja/Japan.htm (3567 words)

	Today in Japanese History: October 20 (UCLA Teaching about Japan website) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Battle of Sekigahara, which established the Tokugawa clan as rulers of Japan.
		Schauwecker's Guide to Japan includes information about the Tokugawa conquest and subsequent consolidation.
		The Japan America Society has a wonderful "Virtual Tour of Edo." The tour features prints and paintings of the Tokugawa era.
	www.isop.ucla.edu /eas/japan/today/1020.htm (119 words)

	MobyGames - Tokyo Majin Gakuen Gehouchou: Keppuuroku
		It is the Bakumatsu era in Japan - 1860-ies, the time when the feudal rulers of Japan, the dynasty of Tokugawa shoguns, were continuously suffering under the attacks of rebelling groups that wished to end the Tokugawa reign and to restore the Empire.
		Young people all over Japan united into clans and organizations, wishing to conquer the power in the capital city Edo.
		Beside participating in conflicts among various political and demonic organizations within Japan, you also come into contact with the gods from Nordic mythology - Odin, Freia, Loki, and others, who are also interested in what is happening in the Far East.
	www.mobygames.com /game/tokyo-majin-gakuen-gehouchou-keppuuroku (386 words)

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