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Topic: Rulers of Pate

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	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Rulers of Korea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The rulers of Dongbuyeo submitted to the overlordship of Bukbuyeo in 86 BCE, and thus used the title Wang, which means king.
		Its rulers had the title of Taewang, which literarily translated means "the greatest of the kings" or "emperor".
		The rulers of Jin used the title of Hwangje, which is translated as emperor, and they claimed the inheritance of Goguryeo.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Rulers_of_Korea (1655 words)

	SA5: Pate
		The Pate Chronicle: edited and translated from MSS 177, 321, 344, and 358 of the Library of the University of Dar es Salaam by Marina Tolmacheva.
		This situation is unfortunate given the historical role of Pate town at the nexus of cultural and economic exchange between the African and Indian Ocean worlds.
		By far the most important contribution of Tolmacheva's volume is her reproduction and translation of four MSS versions of the Pate Chronicle which are appearing in print for the first time.
	www.hf.uib.no /smi/sa/5Pate.html (1256 words)

	Pate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pate Island, also seat of a former Pate sultanate, in Kenya (see also Rulers of Pate)
		Pate, an old English word for head (as in 'bald pate')
		Pates (school), a school in Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pate (116 words)

	[No title]
		Later, fighting erupted among Pate's clans, Shanga was destroyed and the Famao fled, some to the mainland, others to the village of Siyu.
		Craftsmen on Pate and the other islands of Lamu practice a kind of basket-weaving that is common in southern China but unknown on the Kenyan mainland.
		On Pate, drums are more often played in the Chinese than the African style, and the local dialect has a few words that may be Chinese in origin.
	www.coaaweb.org /Zheng-Ho/Prequel.html (4413 words)

	Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music - Ru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Rulers of the Akan states of Akwamu and Twifo-Heman
		Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Jere (Qeko)
		Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Maseko (Gomani)
	education.music.us /Ru.htm (443 words)

	Free Mumia Abu-Jamal!
		The legal lynching of Williams, which provoked an outcry nationally and internationally, signaled the determination of the U.S. capitalist rulers to fortify their machinery of death in the face of growing reticence in the population over how the death penalty is applied.
		The purpose is to terrorize and silence any who would stand in the way of the capitalist rulers’ relentless drive for profits and their imperialist adventures, like the colonial occupation of Iraq.
		In 2003 Durham’s stepbrother Kenneth Pate swore that Durham said she was pressured by the cops to say Mumia confessed.
	www.icl-fi.org /english/leaflets/mumia.html (3071 words)

	Africa and Europeans 1800-1875 by Sanderson Beck
		Bambara (pagan) rulers tried to suppress the movement; but Ahmadu was able to organize a massive Fulani army against the Ardo'en and took over Masina from the Bambara.
		The Temne rulers were thus dispossessed and agreed to a treaty in 1807.
		After Pate revolted in 1839 and killed the Omani governor and some of his Baluchi soldiers, Sa'id merely assigned the Lamu governor to rule Pate.
	www.san.beck.org /1-14-Africa1800-1875.html (23231 words)

	East Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This, the oldest occupied tegion on the planet, is a blend of lush tropics and semi-arid desert, of prairie and mountain, of seacoast and inland districts.
		The land of Ethiopia is a vast and mountainous region in northeastern Africa, with the arid plains of the Sudan to the west and the equally difficult terrain of the Harar to the east.
		By the 1850's, rulers were claiming semi-divine status, but the region was annexed to Ethiopia a generation or so later.
	www.hostkingdom.net /ethiopia.html (1974 words)

	Can Archaeology Uncover Eschatology? - Jay Gary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In concluding his book, Pate interprets the Damascus Document, one of the DSS, to indicate that the Qumran community believed its original founder, a "Teacher of Righteousness" to be the messiah.
		Pate notes that the Qumran community must have witnessed the non-occurrence of this prophecy.
		Pate claims that unlike Qumran’s failed apocalyptic expectations, the Jesus movement was a millennial success.
	www.presence.tv /cms/archaeology.shtml (3974 words)

	African Literature - MSN Encarta
		Copies were highly prized property of the sarkis (rulers) of northern Nigeria.
		However, this epic only came to be known of centuries later, in 1883-1893, when the chronicle was transcribed by Sir Richmond Palmer.
		The oral tradition of Liyongo, a 13th-century contender for the throne of Shagga, is preserved in the epic poem Utendi wa Liyongo Fumo (Epic of Liyongo Fumo), written by Muhammad bin Abubakar in 1913.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555353/African_Literature.html (1887 words)

	[divine], theioŒteµs [divinity]
		Heroes, unusual people, and outstanding rulers are also gods, so that in the emperor cult theoŒs is a designation of office.
		He is “with” us in virtue of his covenant, so that in every need we may pray to him, knowing that the Ruler of all things will extend his powerful protection.
		God is with his people as its Ruler and Protector, but with a new certainty in Christ that Paul expresses with his hypeŒr in Rom.
	home.paonline.com /ahanna/HTML/God.htm (5518 words)

	islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Rulers became Muslims in name, but often more for political than religious reasons.
		Most rulers tolerated their subjects' pagan practices, and many participated in such practices themselves.
		His calls for religious and political renewal gained him many followers among the Fulani, who considered themselves oppressed by their rulers, and some Hausa farmers, who were feeling the effects of drought and land shortages.
	history.colstate.edu /Pate/Islam.html (4719 words)

	Africa and Slavery 1500-1800 by Sanderson Beck
		When Kaarta ruler Fulakoro was besieging Murdia, Biton answered their appeal by defeating and imprisoning Fulakoro, who died in captivity.
		The Asante army defeated Bono in 1723, threatened the Fante in 1726, and invaded Gonja in 1732.
		He punished Pate in 1636 by beheading 200 of their leaders and chopping down 10,000 coconut trees, demanding 8,000 paradaos; Siu and Manda were forced to pay heavy tribute and destroy their defensive walls.
	san.beck.org /1-13-Africa1500-1800.html (22906 words)

	ISLAM AND THE CATHOLIC CRUSADE MOVEMENT IN ZANZIBAR
		But because of a Eurocentric colonial interpretation and exaggeration of Zanzibar's history as a hub of Arab's slavery, instead of as the exportation of the deluxe cloves in the global market, a new generation of Zanzibaris are utilizing innovative research materials at their own disposal.
		When the people of Pate opposed the Portuguese in 1571, Francisco Barreto, a Portuguese governor of India (1555-1558), attacked Zanzibar in collaboration with Father Francisco Mancloaros, who started the Jesuit Society at Zanzibar in 1560, when the Portuguese built the first Church on what is now the city of Zanzibar.
		The mosques and mansions of Lamu and Pate were pulled to the ground or shattered by bombardment; the Sheikhs (Muslims scholars) were put to death and the people were mulcted in huge fines for that they had done no more than defend their (Islamic) faith and the freedom of their native soil.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /portfolio/543/crusades.html (10346 words)

	Kenya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Attacks followed on Hoja (now known as Ungwana, located at the mouth of the Tana River), Barawa, Angoche, Pate and other coastal towns until the western Indian Ocean was a safe haven for Portuguese commercial interests and tribute was paid to the Portuguese crown by all of the city-states along the East African coast.
		The Portuguese colonial presence in East Africa served two primary purposes: the extraction of tribute from coastal polities and the control of trade within the Indian Ocean through piracy.
		However, Portuguese naval vessels were very disruptive to commerce within the western Indian Ocean and were able to demand high tariffs on items transported through the sea due to their strategic control of ports and shipping lanes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kenya (4050 words)

	Jim Brooks Forgery In Christianity Chapter 7
		The heretic, in a word, was simply an outlaw whose offense, in the popular mind, deserved and sometimes received a punishment as summary as that which is often dealt out in our day by an infuriated populace to the [supposed] authors of justly detested crimes.
		The Church, by fraud and fear, brought the secular rulers under her ignominious domination, and forced them by her threats, as we have seen proved and admitted, to make and enforce these infernal enactments and destructions.
		The Church was then itself a secular ruler over vast territories, the stolen "Patrimony of Peter" or States of the Church; and for those territories their Royal-Holinesses set the example of murder and burning of their own heretics.
	members.tripod.com /jbrooks2/Forgery_In_Christianity_7.html (9750 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		A ruler might decide to appoint two residents to important courts, one of higher status to handle discussions with the monarch and one of lesser status to collect news and to witness his official acts.
		Even the houses of ambassadors were considered "inviolable." This theory was seldom followed to the letter; rulers routinely sought to uncover evidence about the intelligence that ambassadors were gathering at their courts; sometimes they confiscated diplomatic pouches.
		Many individuals, from military leaders to courtiers, were on the alert to uncover secret information about their countrymen for their rulers, who rewarded them for this intelligence with office, prestige, authority, and financial windfalls.
	www.fathom.com /feature/122013 (1649 words)

	Chapter X: The Story of Liongo Fumo
		Shaka was conquered by Sultan Omar of Pate, whose dates are variously given, but he seems to have been more or less contemporary with our Edward III, one authority even putting him as early as 1306.
		A poem of uncertain date (not supposed to be written by him, but telling his story) relates how certain Galla, coming to Pate to trade, heard of Liongo from the sultan, who dwelt so much on his prowess that their curiosity was aroused, and they expressed a wish to see him.
		The news reached Pate, and Mringwari, privately rejoicing at the removal of his enemy, sent for Mani Liongo, the son (who meanwhile had been sumptuously entertained in the palace), and told him what had happened, professing to be much surprised when he showed no signs of sorrow.
	www.afrikaworld.net /afrel/mlb12.htm (3204 words)

	Kenya's Languages and Dialects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		But the missionaries also contributed to spread the Swahili to the natives in the inner lands that spoke other languages.
		Afterwards, during the Colony days, the European rulers made an effort to standardize Swahili.
		The result of this attempt was the Kiswahili, or standard Swahili, taken from the Kiunguja dialect which was native to the town of Zanzibar (Unguja), which was the nucleus of the Swahili culture and cradle of the dialect considered the purest.
	kenya.com /language.html (757 words)

	A History of Africa, Chapter 6
		The ruler of the kingdom was called the manikongo, and he was elected by a council of six members.
		Its rulers were Arabs, and thus Moslem, while most of the subjects belonged to the Fur tribe and were not entirely Moslem.
		Oral histories credit him with being not only a wise ruler, but also an excellent musician, doctor and warrior; he was said to have a gaze so potent that he had to put a veil over his face to keep from harming others with a glance.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /africa/af06.html (18519 words)

	Bait Rules
		Metric and English system rulers, gram scale, and puppy must be provided by the show giving club.
		Toy dogs to bait to a fine goose liver pate or bon bon of choice.
		Bait should have a proper cuboid shape so that it may be easily removed from the ring.
	www.agilityability.com /bait_rules.htm (351 words)

	Michigan State University Press - The Pate Chronicles - Tolmacheva (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In late October 1890, a British force led by Admiral Fremantle assaulted and subdued the East African town of Witu, the mainland capital of the Nabahani rulers of Pate; five years later, the entire region and the adjacent coastal islands came under British administration.
		One of the great tragedies suffered as a result of Admiral Fremantle's initial attack was the loss of the original manuscript of the history of Pate, The Book of the Kings of Pate.
		The four Arabic-Swahili versions (manuscripts 177, 321, 344, and 358 of the Library of the University of Dar es Salaam) presented here in The Pate Chroncle add significantly to the growing pool of information available about Pate and East Africa before the era of European colonialism.
	www.msu.edu /unit/msupress/ahs/nr22.html (193 words)

	Introduction
		Indeed it might even be that the city states would swear allegiance to an outside suzerain authority as they did to the ancient rulers of Yemen, to the Imam of Oman, to the Caliph of all-Islam, to the Portuguese rulers, or to the British crown.
		It was also not unusual for the rulers of different city states to be inter-related, as it happened in the case of Hassan bin Ali and his six sons from Shiraz who together formed a loose sort of empire known as the Daulat-e-Zinj or the Zenj Empire.
		How much influence the coastal states had with the interior of Africa depended upon varying factors, such as the power and political acumen of rulers, or the love of adventure and boldness of traders and pioneers enjoying the protection of such rulers.
	www.zanzinet.org /h_intr.html (845 words)

	Kenya's Swahili Coast - Past and Present.
		Such was the success of the rulers that they even defeated the ruler of the neighbouring island of Pate at the Battle of Shela in 1812, when he tried to take Lamu Island with help from the Mazrui family in Mombasa.
		Faza, the biggest settlement on Pate was believed to have been founded in the early years of Islam and attracted many Arabian immigrants.
		Pate underwent a complete rebirth during the eighteenth century but when the Nabahani King was defeated at Lamu, the local rulers were forced out and Pate no longer remained a City State.
	kabiza.com /SwahiliCoast.htm (8537 words)

	Pate, Kenya. Travel guide & tourist information by Hostelbookers.com
		Only two hours by ferryboat from Lamu, totally unaffected by tourism and rarely visited, Pate island has some of the most impressive ruins anywhere on the coast and a clutch of old Swahili settlements which, at different times, have been as important as Lamu or more so.
		According to its own history, the Pate Chronicle, the town was founded in the early years of Islam with the arrival of Arabian immigrants.
		This statelet is supposed to have lasted until the thirteenth century, when another group of dispossessed Arab rulers – the Nabahani – arrived to inject new blood into Pate.
	www.hostelbookers.com /guides/kenya/pate (221 words)

	Veerapandiya Kattabomman
		Accordingly, Kattabomman was captured and on October 16, 1799 the case was taken up (nearly three weeks after his arrest near Pudukkottai).
		The issue of taxation—more specifically, who was to collect it, the traditional rulers or the rapacious new collectors from overseas —lay at the root of the subsequent uprising.
		In his Tinnevelly Gazetteer of 1917, H. Pate notes the presence in Kayattar of 'a great pile of stones of all sizes, which represents the accumulated offerings by wayfarers of the past hundred years'.
	www.tamilnation.org /heritage/kattabomman.htm (2232 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Yet the British rulers extended their near martial law control over the country even after the end of World War I, by passing the restrictive Rowlatt Bill.
		According to legend, a dispute arose between some l ocal inhabitants and their British rulers during which a British soldier was accidentally killed by an Egyptian.
		It is said that he walked bravely to the gallows while still defying his rulers.
	www.mincava.umn.edu /documents/pnvcur7-12/pnvcur7-12.txt (20438 words)

	BETWEEN IRAQ AND A HARD PLACE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We must realize that this apocalyptic language signifies the fall of earthly powers such as the rulers of Babylon, and is not meant to be taken literally.
		Pate and Hays, in "Iraq - Babylon of the End Times?," say, "There is absolutely no biblical evidence to support the theory that Babylon will be resurrected to play a role in the end-times.
		In verses 4 and 5 Isaiah expresses his own deep personal grief at the distress of his beloved city of Jerusalem, as the walls are battered by the enemy, and the cries of the terrified citizens echo among the mountains.
	www.metro.bmaweb.net /_hard_place.htm (17706 words)

	General Clan History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On the death of Alexander III's daughter Margaret, the "Maid of Norway", Scotland was plunged into the famous wars of succession to determine who would be the next King of the Scots.
		The claimants to the throne, the houses of Balliol and Bruce, who in turn became rulers of Scotland, were of Norman origin in the male line, though they descended on the female side from the ancient Atholl dynasty.
		Montrose soon had a strong force of about 800 Athollmen led by his kinsman Patrick "Black Pate" Graham of Inchbrakie, who was also an uncle of our underaged 12th Chief, Alexander.
	www.robertson.org /long.html (2459 words)

	Zanzibar People and Culture
		The latter's most remembered ruler is one Muhammad bin Abdulrahman, nicknamed "Mkame Ndume", a title, which I believe, is wrongly translated "Milker of Men", implying his alleged reputation of giving impossible commands.
		It could possibly as well have been derived from the word "Makamo wa Madume", which could have been calculated to mean: "Supervisor of Males", or "Ruler of Men", more or less equivalent to the Kiganda title for the Kabaka, "Sebasaja", meaning "Above Men", a loose substitute for His Highness, or His Majesty.
		However it is certain that the Wahadimu until lately have been maintaining their ancestral connection with Arabia, as note that their last ruler, or Mwinyi Mkuu,(born 785, died 1865) whose seat was Dunga was Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Hassan el Alawi.
	www.zanzinet.org /zanzibar/people/people.html (5065 words)

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