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Eastern Rumelia

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	Eastern Rumelia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Eastern Rumelia or Eastern Roumelia (Bulgarian: Източна Румелия Iztochna Rumelija; Ottoman Turkish: Rumeli-i Sarki; Modern Turkish: Sarki Rumeli, Greek Ανατολική Ρωμυλία) was an autonomous province in the Ottoman Empire from 1878 to 1885 (nominally to 1908).
		The artificial name Eastern Rumelia was given to the province on the insistence of the British delegates to the Congress of Berlin.
		According to the Treaty of Berlin Eastern Rumelia was to remain under the political and military jurisdiction of the Ottoman Empire with significant administrative autonomy (Article 13).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eastern_Rumelia (574 words)

	Rumelia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rumelia (or Roumelia) (in Turkish Rumeli, the East Roman or Byzantine Empire), a name commonly used, from the 15th century onwards, to denote the part of the Balkan Peninsula subject to the Ottoman Empire.
		Eastern Rumelia was constituted an autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Berlin, 1878, but on September 6, 1885, after a bloodless revolution, it was united with Bulgaria.
		In 1382 the capital of Rumelia was moved to Sofia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rumelia (285 words)

	AllRefer.com - Rumelia, Bulgaria (Bulgarian Political Geography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rumelia or Roumelia[both: rOOmE´lEu] Pronunciation Key, region of S Bulgaria, between the Balkan and Rhodope mts.
		Historically, Rumelia denoted the Balkan possessions (particularly Thrace and Macedonia, and excluding Bosnia) of the Ottoman Empire.
		Resentment at the partition of Bulgaria sparked a revolution at Plovdiv in 1885, and Prince Alexander of Bulgaria annexed Eastern Rumelia, thus incurring the wrath of Russia and Serbia.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/Rumelia.html (322 words)

	RUMELIA. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Historically, Rumelia denoted the Balkan possessions (particularly Thrace and Macedonia) of the Ottoman Empire.
		The Ottoman province of Rumelia comprised much of present-day Macedonia, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, European Turkey, N Greece, and part of Albania.
		Sofia was the seat of the governors of Rumelia until 1878.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/ru/Rumelia.html (199 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Rumelia, 1879-1912
		The name Rumelia was largely applied to the Ottoman possessions in Europe, for the most part in Ottoman possession since the 14th respectively 15th century.
		The remainder of Rumelia - Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia and Western Thrace - was administratively reorganized in the Provinces (Vilayets) of Edirne, Salonica and Monastir.
		In the later part of the 19th century and into the 20th century, Rumelia saw political unrest, stirred by organizations such as IMRO striving for either the annexion of Macedonia into Bulgaria or Macedonian independence.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/balkans/rumelia18791912.html (820 words)

	Inalcik. Conquest of Edirne
		The Ottomans who through this alliance had first found the opportunity to settle in Rumelia (conquest of Cinbi in 1352) now were able, through their continued support, upon abdication of John Cantacuzenus to his son Matthew, to strengthen their position in Thrace and open up further areas for their activities.
		The period between 1357 and 1359 was for the Ottomans a period of pause in the conquest of Rumelia.
		With Suleyman Pasha's conquest of Rumelia was born a new overseas Ottoman governorship, Ottoman Rumelia.
	coursesa.matrix.msu.edu /~fisher/hst373/readings/Inalci~2.htm (6232 words)

	Eastern Rumelia
		The Bulgarians in Rumelia revolted against Turkish rule and in 1885, a coup overthrew the vestiges of Turkish control and South Bulgaria was established.
		Eastern Rumelia was issuing stamps from 1880 till annexation.
		On 10 September 1885, the existing Rumelian issues were overprinted with two different images of the Bulgarian lion, and then with the lion in a frame and "Bulgarian Post" in Cyrillic.
	www.cybamall.com /philaworld/gallery1/BG/east_rom.htm (158 words)

	History of BULGARIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		However there is also a strong Bulgarian movement for real independence, both in the principality and in the Turkish province of Eastern Rumelia.
		The prince moves into Rumelia and puts himself at the head of the government of a united Bulgaria.
		Greece and Serbia are independent, Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia are autonomous, Bosnia and Hercegovina are administered by Austria-Hungary.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=949&HistoryID=aa96 (1379 words)

	SERVO-BULGARIAN WAR - LoveToKnow Article on SERVO-BULGARIAN WAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The BerlinCongress of 1878, by its revision of the treaty of San Stefano, created two states in the Balkan Peninsulathe principality of Bulgaria owning a nominal suzerainty to Turkey, and the auto1~omous province of eastern Rumelia, presided over by a Turkish governor-general, and apparently intended to remain in~ close relations with the porte.
		Before the last shot of the battle of Slivuitza was fired, nearly half of the entire forces of Bulgaria and Rumelia were in the lines, and 14,000 men more faced the army of the Timok at Widdin.
		With the main armya striking display of what could be accomplished by patriotism and vigourwere fifty-six pieces of artillery, most of which had been dragged over the Balkan passes in mid-winter.
	65.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SE/SERVO_BULGARIAN_WAR.htm (2984 words)

	Rumelia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rumelia (or Roumelia) (in Turkish Rumili the East Roman or Byzantine Empire) a name commonly used from the 15th century onwards to denote the part of Balkan Peninsula subject to the Ottoman Empire.
		Owing to changes effected between 1870 and 1875 the name ceased to correspond with political division.
		Eastern Rumelia was constituted an autonomous province of Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Berlin 1878 but on the September 18 1885 after a bloodless revolution it was with Bulgaria.
	www.freeglossary.com /Rumelia (203 words)

	Turkey3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Appointed as ruler of Rumelia by Tamerlane, 28
		Sovereign of the House of Osman, Kirishchi Ghiyas ud-din, Khan of Khans, Grand Sultan of Anatolia and Rumelia, and of the Cities of Adrianople and Philippolis.
		Sovereign of the House of Osman, 'Abu'l Hayrat, Sultan ul-Mujahidin, Khan of Khans, Grand Sultan of Anatolia and Rumelia, and of the Cities of Adrianople and Philippolis.
	www.4dw.net /royalark/Turkey/turkey3.htm (1421 words)

	Slivnitza
		Eastern Rumelia between the Balkan and Rhodope mountains gained semi-autonomous status with an Ottoman appointed Christian governor.
		In addition the first line of the Eastern Rumelia militia had been mobilised consisting of 12 infantry battalions, 2 squadrons of cavalry and 4 guns.
		During the war the second ban of the Eastern Rumelia militia was mobilised (12 battalions) along with the Bulgarian second ban (8 battalions) and as many as 20 volunteer battalions, 3 Macedonian battalions and some 6000 Muslim volunteers.
	members.aol.com /balkandave/slivniza.htm (1258 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Eastern Rumelia, 1879-1885
		In 1878 the BERLIN CONGRESS established EASTERN RUMELIA, actually the fertile Maritsa valley, as a separate and autonomous administrative region of 35,208 square km.
		Eastern Rumelia or Roumelie Orientale was administrated by a Christian governor appointed by the Sultan.
		After the foirmation of the autonomous region of Eastern Rumelia, a part of the Muslim population emigrated into the Ottoman Empire proper.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/balkans/erumelia18791885.html (352 words)

	Turkish reign in Macedonia
		The supreme administrative unit, which included the whole territory of Macedonia was the Beglerbeglak (Elalet or later called Vilaet) of Rumelia, and was founded between 1362-1385.The territories near the borders were called kraishta (administrative units) which were govern by kraishnitsi (udzbegovi).
		In 1392 Skopje was occupied by the Turks and as a result of that Skopje became a center of a new administrative unit.
		The oldest and the biggest sandzjak was Pasha - a sandzjak which was ruled by the beglerbeg of Rumelia.
	www.soros.org.mk /konkurs/058/turk_reign.htm (1120 words)

	BULGARIA - Online Information article about BULGARIA
		Rumelia lying south of the Balkans; and the western See also:
		Sericulture, formerly an important industry, has declined owing to disease among the silkworms, but efforts are being made to revive it with promise of success.
		Cotton is grown in the southern districts of Eastern Rumelia.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BRI_BUN/BULGARIA.html (5414 words)

	The Turkish Cultural Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Yoruks, The Nomadic Turks of Anatolia and Rumelia.
		The term, "Yörük", is applied to nomadic Turks in Anatolia and Rumelia.
		The Yörüks are a people who have maintained their vitality over the centuries in the face of heavy odds.
	www.turkishculture.org /lifestyles/nomads.html (1554 words)

	Rumelia - TheBestLinks.com - Albania, Bulgaria, Byzantine Empire, Bitola, ...
		Rumelia - TheBestLinks.com - Albania, Bulgaria, Byzantine Empire, Bitola,...
		Rumelia, Albania, Bulgaria, Byzantine Empire, Bitola, Constantinople, Macedonia...
		Eastern Rumelia was constituted an autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Berlin, 1878, but on the September 18, 1885, after a bloodless revolution, it was united with Bulgaria.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Rumelia.html (204 words)

	FOREIGN POLICY [1897-1922]
		In the period under examination the Hellenism of Thrace and Eastern Rumelia has been given blows in a systematic way both by Bulgarians and the Young Turks after 1908.
		With a special Greco-Bulgarian convention in the context of the Treaty of Neuilly (1919) a volunteer exchange of populations has been decided between the two countries.
		On the basis of this convention, the end of the presence of the Hellenism in Eastern Rumelia has become definite.
	www.fhw.gr /chronos/13/en/foreign_policy/choros/07.html (612 words)

	The Avalon Project : The Three Emperors League - June 18, 1881
		The three Powers agree in regarding the eventuality of an occupation either of Eastern Rumelia or of the Balkans as full of perils for the general peace.
		In case this should occur, they will employ their efforts to dissuade the Porte from such an enterprise, it being well understood that Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia on their part are to abstain from provoking the Porte by attacks emanating from their territories against the other provinces of the Ottoman Empire.
		They agree to dissuade the Bulgarians from all aggression against the neighboring provinces, particularly Macedonia; and to inform them that in such a case they will be acting at their own risk and peril.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/empleagu.htm (651 words)

	Bulgarian Red Cross (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		After the Bulgaria’s liberation from Turkish rule and in accordance with the provisions of the Berlin Agreement from 1878 the Principality of Bulgaria (under the supreme rule of the Turkish sultan) and the autonomous region of East Rumelia within the empire.
		The first Red Cross organizations was established in the Principality and in East Rumelia as early as 1878.
		The Red Cross organization in Sliven was established in October with chairman mitropolit Serafim.
	www.redcross.bg /index.php?ladger=history&lang=en (753 words)

	Carl Savich \| Columns \| serbianna.com
		Under the Treaty of Berlin, Bulgaria was divided into an autonomous principality north of the Balkan Mountains and a southern semi-autonomous region of Eastern Rumelia.
		The Treaty of Constantinople in 1881 forced Turkey to cede Thessaly and the Arta region in Epirus to Greece.
		In 1885, a war between Serbia and Bulgaria was fought when Bulgaria occupied and annexed Eastern Rumelia, or southern Bulgaria, which contained the second largest Bulgarian city of Plovdiv.
	www.serbianna.com /columns/savich/053.html (8914 words)

	History of Macedonia. Creation of The Macedonian Question
		By the end of the nineteenth century the collapse of the Turkish Empire was well advanced and the national awakenings of Serbians, Roumanians, Greeks and Bulgarians led to establishment of their respective nation-states.
		Consequently the size of the Bulgarian state was considerably diminished, with Macedonia and parts of Thrace returned to Turkish rule.
		However in 1885 the Bulgarians of East Rumelia unified with the Bulgarian state, much to the annoyance of Serbia and Greece, and the anger of Russia which withdrew all its military advisers.
	www.mak-truth.com /fe_mqest.htm (431 words)

	DILEMMAS AND ORIENTATIONS OF GREEK POLICY IN MACEDONIA: 1878-1886
		The period between 1878 and 1886, covers the critical years from the Congress of Berlin to the annexation of Eastern Rumelia by Bulgaria, when Greek policy on the Macedonian Question was undergoing a general reappraisal.
		The Greek government, however, realizing that the Prince remained firm on his view for an extension of Bulgaria all the way to Thessaloniki, advised that no meaningful discussions could be held on such a basis.
		Only in 1885, when the Bulgarians proclaimed the union of Eastern Rumelia with the Bulgarian Principality, did the Greek and Serbian governments sought to come to an understanding for an alliance and a settlement in Macedonia.
	www.gate.net /~mango/Kofos1.html (2791 words)

	Balkan Wars
		At the close of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, the Treaty of Berlin, signed on July 13, 1878, provided for an autonomous principality of Bulgaria.
		The remaining Bulgarian province, called Eastern Rumelia, was placed under the control of the Ottoman Turks.
		In 1885 a revolution broke out in Eastern Rumelia, and the province was joined to Bulgaria proper.
	www.geocities.com /dorik2k/iearn/bwars.htm (982 words)

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