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Topic: Rural Electrification Administration

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	EH.Net Encyclopedia: Rural Electrification Administration
		Unlike their counterparts in cities, rural residents were expected to advance the financing for the necessary infrastructure to the firm supplying electrical power from a distant location.
		R.E.A. loans furnished the incentive for rural electric cooperatives to form and connect to the existing electrical network at rates comparable to the national average.
		R.E.A. cooperatives quickly became one of the largest capital investment projects of the New Deal, and low-cost financing for construction of electrical supply infrastructure was the key provision of the program (Brown, 1980, p 41).
	eh.net /encyclopedia/article/malone.electrification.administration.rural (2111 words)

	Rural Electrification Administration. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The REA was created (1935) by executive order as an independent federal bureau, authorized by the Congress in 1936, and later (1939) reorganized as a division of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.
		To implement those goals the administration made long-term, self-liquidating loans to state and local governments, to farmers’ cooperatives, and to nonprofit organizations; no loans were made directly to consumers.
		In 1949 the REA was authorized to make loans for telephone improvements; in 1988, REA was permitted to give interest-free loans for job creation and rural electric systems.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ru/RuralEle.html (227 words)

	Rural Electrification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Rural electrification and the respect, responsibility and revitalization that it accomplished, was not so wild a dream after all.
		Rural electric communities extended their vision and raised their level of organizing skills to a new and wider challenge: the search to create and maintain a lifeline of wholesale power.
		Rural electric systems remain vital economic and social institutions because of a powerful faith and commitment to these legacies, because their strength continues to arise out of an imaginative and dynamic people determined to continue them.
	www.ozarkelectric.com /RECHistory.htm (2922 words)

	Electrification History 2 - Rural Electrification - Greatest Engineering Achievements of the Twentieth Century
		One of the key pieces of Roosevelt's New Deal initiatives, the REA would provide loans and other assistance so that rural cooperatives—basically, groups of farmers—could build and run their own electrical distribution systems.
		Appointed by Roosevelt as the REA's first administrator, Cooke applied an engineer's approach to the problem, instituting what was known at the time as "scientific management"—essentially systems engineering.
		Rural electrification became one of the most successful government programs ever enacted.
	www.greatachievements.org /?id=2990 (331 words)

	Rural Electrification Administration: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		For example, the electrification of rural America was undertaken with massive subsidies from taxpayers, and rural telephone systems were created with...
		...the advent of the Rural Electrification Administration (REA).
		Administrations (PMAs), and Rural Electrification Administration (REA) were needed...utility executives decry rural electrification as too expensive...also advanced the Rural Electrification Administration, which was to provide...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/101268485 (1429 words)

	Rural Electrification Administration - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Rural Electrification Administration (REA), former agency of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture charged with administering loan programs for electrification and telephone service in rural areas.
		GAO: REA loans may be financing forays by cable, DBS competitors.
		Rural electrification lobby will fight cuts tooth and nail.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-RuralEle.html (405 words)

	The Ground Beneath Our Feet--Electrification
		He also felt that electrification was an important social program which could vastly improve rural Americans' lives as well as believed that rural electrification could become an important relief program given the amount of labor extending service to farms would require.
		Consequently, one of the REA's first and most important decisions was that rather than building and operating rural electrification systems, it instead would function as a lending agency which provided the capital to those willing to take on such work.
		Virginia Rural Electric Cooperatives: In Virginia, as in the rest of the nation, the joint effort of cooperatives and the REA electrified large sections of the countryside.
	www.vahistory.org /electrification.html (3872 words)

	Rural electrification: time to end subsidies for skiers
		REA is an egregious example of government subsidies that enrich the wealthy while retarding environmentally beneficial innovation.
		REA was established in 1935 by President Roosevelt.
		Second, the REA loans almost $2 billion annually, and more than 60 percent of these loans will never be repaid because interest rates on the loans are less than the rates the government must pay to borrow money.
	www.free-eco.org /articleDisplay.php?id=292 (725 words)

	What is an Electric Cooperative from Shelby Electic Cooperative, providing our member/owners with energy and affiliated ...
		Electric cooperatives were established by rural pioneers all across the country in the later 1930's and early 1940's.
		Rural electrification was made possible by the Rural Electrification Administration, created by Executive Order of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on May 11, 1935, and later by enactment of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 on May 20, 1936.
		REA made low interest loans available to bring the lines into the rural areas.
	www.shelbyelectric.com /About/Facts.What.asp (324 words)

	History of Rural Electricity \| Dixie Escalante Electric
		Finally, in the 1920s, 20 farms in Minnesota formed the rural electrification demonstration project and electrified their farms through six miles of distribution line.
		It was not until 1936 that the Rural Electrification Act was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Roosevelt.
		Today the rural electrification program is a working example of self-help and economic and community development.
	www.dixiepower.com /rural.htm (226 words)

	RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ADMINISTRATION
		An agency of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture that makes loans to states and territories in the U.S. for rural electrification and the furnishing of electric energy to persons in rural areas who do not receive central station service.
		It also furnishes and improves electric and telephone service in rural areas, assists electric borrowers to implement energy conservation programs and on-grid and off-grid renewable energy systems, and studies the condition and progress of rural electrification.
		Rural Electrification Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture / Beall.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/Ru/Rural+Electrification+Administration.html (293 words)

	Rural Electrification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Roosevelt Administration believed that if private enterprise could not supply electric power to the people, then it was the duty of the government to do so.
		Rural electrification was based on the belief that affordable electricity would improve the standard of living and the economic competitiveness of the family farm.
		Rural electrification did not halt the continuing migration of rural people from the country to the city.
	newdeal.feri.org /tva/tva10.htm (500 words)

	electrif
		The Rural Electrification Act of 1936 was intended to light the nation by supplying the infrastructure and funding to electrify isolated U.S. farms.
		The Administrator is hereby authorized to make all such endorsements, to execute all such instruments, and to do all such acts and things as shall be necessary to effect the valid transfer and assignment to the Reconstruction Finance Corporation of all such obligations.
		The Administrator is authorized and empowered, from the sums hereinbefore authorized, to make loans for the purpose of financing the wiring on the premises or persons in rural areas and the acquisition and installation of electrical and plumbing appliances and equipment.
	www.ccrh.org /comm/moses/primary/electrif.html (536 words)

	Rural Telephone
		Rural Telephone was incorporated as a cooperative in February of 1951.
		REA loans from this program have provided rural America with affordable, dependable electric and telecommunication services.
		With the assistance of REA funds, Rural Telephone acquired its first exchanges in 1954 serving 524 subscribers in Damar, Edmond and Logan with eight-party service over open wire aerial line and a dial switch.
	www.ruraltelephone.com /Document.aspx?id=2178 (616 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		rural electrification at first seemed to offer the large-scale project that was needed, since only 10 percent of the nation's farms then had central-station electricity.
		Each group had to convince REA officials that their project was feasible and that the loan was sound.
		By January 1, 1965, the REA borrowers and investor-owned utilities had more than reversed the statistics on rural electrification-instead of only 2 percent of Texas farms with electricity, there were only 2 percent without electricity.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/RR/dpr1.html (868 words)

	Rural Electrification Administration - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Rural Electrification Administration (REA), former agency of the United States Department of Agriculture that sought to improve electricity and...
		In 1991 a new agency, the Rural Development Administration, was created to manage business and community loans formerly administered by the Farmers...
		More pressing than the question of partition, however, were the social and economic problems that beset the republic.
	encarta.msn.com /Rural_Electrification_Administration.html (123 words)

	NEMA - NEMA in War and Peace
		Rural electrification, promoted by the federal government during the lean years of the Depression as a revitalizing measure, became the focus of NEMA’s biggest promotional effort.
		These promotions were designed to create a new base of commercial, industrial, and residential customers; policy committees within the association went to work to promote the idea of national rural electrification to government officials, and forged ties with the Rural Electrification Administration (REA).
		Rural electrification promotions formed the backbone of the NEMA business development strategy until the early 1960s, by which time the focus of the association had shifted to suburban residential construction issues and appliance sales.
	www.nema.org /about/history/ch5 (626 words)

	[No title]
		A method of sustainable agriculture that emphasizes regeneration because it (a) enhances the revival of renewable resources essential to the achievement of a sustainable form of agriculture, and (b) is a concept that is relevant to many economic sectors and social concerns.
		The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000, authorized a current, indefinite appropriation up to the amount of actual losses reflected on the books of the CCC as of the close of the immediately preceding year.
		States with designated Rural Empowerment Zonesreceived grants of $40 million for each zone, or their proportional share of $40 million in a multi-state zone equal to the proportion of that zone's residents living in the state.
	agglossary.uaex.edu /viewRGlossary1.asp (9946 words)

	Rural Electrification
		Then on May 11, 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the Rural Electrification Administration and a year later Congress passed the Rural Electrification Act which provided loans to farmers seeking electrical power.
		Due to the depression the R.E.A. was able to attract the brightest engineers, electricians and draftsmen and soon power poles were going up all over rural America.
		One photo, unquestionably the most widely published in Rural Electrification, became the symbol of R.E.A. progress.
	www.kshs.org /portraits/rural_electrification.htm (219 words)

	RURAL ELECTRIFICATION 1929 - 1953
		As early as November of 1935, before the federal REA loan program was adopted, a group of farmers in Buffalo County met to plan a temporary rural electrification organization.
		Electricity for pump irrigation was a major incentive in the development of rural electrification in Buffalo County, and irrigation was closely tied in with REA projects.
		Rural electrification has brought the farmer from the days of basic tools - the wheel, the block and tackle, the lever and the plow - and energy, which came from himself, the horse and the oxen, to Nebraska's Good Life on the farm.
	bchs.kearney.net /BTales_199004.html (1977 words)

	The Introduction of Electrical Power - Wisconsin Historical Society
		The task of organizing rural electric cooperatives was generally left to local leaders; they organized meetings, collected fees, enrolled consumers, and worked with the REA on program details.
		While rural electrification efforts began primarily to assist farmers, electric power also contributed to the growth of the tourist industry in northern Wisconsin.
		Rural electrification is given a boost in 1937.
	www.wisconsinhistory.org /turningpoints/tp-041/?action=more_essay (1092 words)

	CVEA.org
		Vince Joy, the founder of CAM, saw the possibilities of rural electrification and stimulated the community to organize an Association.
		Strongly supported by farmers and rural residents, the idea of government support and financing for rural electrification was adamantly opposed by urban power companies and many members of Congress.
		After much argument, the Rural Electrification Act was passed by Congress in May of 1936, providing funding for REA loans so that cooperatives could organize.
	www.cvea.org /history.htm (851 words)

	The Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives \| The Cooperative Advantage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Rural Electrification Administration (REA) was created in 1935 to provide electric service to every farm and home in rural America.
		The Rural Electrification Administration (REA) is a former federal agency within the U.S. Department of Agriculture that administered loan programs and provided technical assistance to rural electric systems.
		The term REA is often used erroneously as a synonym for the locally owned cooperatives whose growth has been financed with loans from the agency.
	www.iowarec.org /public/faq/org.shtml (864 words)

	Co-op History, part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal administration enacted several programs to help ease the economic woes of this country, one of which was a program to relieve unemployment-the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, approved on April 8, 1935.
		The primary function of REA was to provide loans to power companies so they could extend their lines into the rural areas.
		This established the Rural Electrification Administration as a lending agency for 10 years and made nonprofit organizations such as cooperatives the main target for receiving the funding.
	www.skrecc.com /history.htm (359 words)

	Rural electrification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rural electrification is the process of bringing electrical power to rural and remote areas.
		In the 1936 the Rural Electrification Act was enacted.
		The Rural Electrification Administration (REA), a former agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture was charged with administering loan programs for electrification and telephone service in rural areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rural_electrification (966 words)

	Declaration 15
		Through loans, the Rural Electrification Administration capitalized the cooperative efforts of rural communities, and brought electricity to nearly all of rural America.
		The electrification of rural America by the Rural Electrification Administration offers the American people a proud example of taking their energy future into their own hands with their own capital.
		Their barns and fields are the oldest human landmarks on New York's rural landscape, and dairy men have fought in every national conflict since the Declaration of Independence.
	www.ruralparty.com /15.htm (1742 words)

	Statement of the National Electrification Administration : Philippines : Gov.Ph : News
		The National Electrification Administration (NEA) today stated that it is under normal operations serving the financial, technical and institutional development needs of the 119 electric cooperatives (Ecs) nationwide.
		NEA acting administrator Edith Bueno pointed out that the passage of the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) in June 2001 paved the way for the organizational restructuring of energy-related government agencies including NEA to create a much leaner but more responsive organizations/agencies under a deregulated power industry.
		She added that the DBM has approved allocation of P450 million for rural electrification projects for this year to push the government’s program of providing electricity to all barangays nationwide.
	www.gov.ph /news/default.asp?i=4534 (453 words)

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