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	History of Germans in Russia and the Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Russian nationalism that took root under Alexander III served as a justification for eliminating in 1871 the bulk of the tax privileges enjoyed by Russian Germans, and after 1874 they were subjected to military service.
		Russian German organisations in the Americas, particularly the Mennonite Central Committee, organised famine relief in Russia in the late 1920s.
		Baltic Germans are estimated to have represented no more than 6% of the population of Estonia and Latvia at the end of the 17th century but their dominant position in society remained relatively unchallenged.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Russian_Germans (2283 words)

	Russian Germans, Germans of Russia, Volga Germans, Germans of the Volga on RussiansAbroad.com
		Russian Germans, Germans of Russia, Volga Germans, Germans of the Volga on RussiansAbroad.com
		Russia's German population began lobbying for reestablishment of the prewar Volga German Autonomous Republic in 1990.
		However, the proposed German enclave encountered strong local resistance from populations that would have been displaced by the Germans on the lower Volga; official discussion of the issue ended in 1993.
	www.russiansabroad.com /russian_history_123.html (265 words)

	Origins
		Germans formed an important part of the merchant population of Moscow and St. Petersburg, and another large German ethnic group was absorbed as the result of territorial expansion, particularly in the 18th century.
		By contrast, the "Russian" Germans were those who migrated to Russia to farm, beginning in the reign of Catherine the Great (1762-1796) and continuing through the first third of the next century.
		The decline in population was due largely to emigration to North and South America beginning in the late 1800's and starvation from famine in the early 1920's.
	www.volgagermans.net /norka/Norka_origins.htm (1202 words)

	History
		The Germans were familiar with their lush and forested homeland but were unprepared for the treeless prairies of the Russia steppe.
		The brutal hardship and profound physical isolation of the Russian steppe transformed the culture of the German colonists.
		The German Russian families that briefly settled in Portland were later instrumental in the colonization and development of the Palouse country near the towns of Endicott, St. John, Dusty, and Colfax.
	www.volgagermans.net /portland/Portland_History.htm (5738 words)

	Anna Marie: Historical Introduction of Germans in Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Germans settlers were major contributors to the early American colonial population, and millions upon million made their way across the Atlantic in the nineteenth Century.
		In the first place, Germans had, "knowledge of other states, laws, and government." This is different from that aforementioned "knowledge of foreign lands." This refers, rather, to the fact that the Germans were used to dealing with the very idea of different laws and customs because of the close proximity of the various German states.
		The village's population fell from 2,265 in 1912 to 1,508 in 1926.
	www.stanford.edu /~skij/amintro.html (4134 words)

	TARNISHED DREAMS: Russian-Germans in Germany. By Birgit Brauer
		The Aussiedler--the term given to those Germans who settled abroad generations ago and are now returning--are resettling in the country their ancestors had left more than 200 years ago in search of a better life.
		Frequently, the name calling led to brawls between the German and the Russian students, she says, but in the end, the teachers always punished the Germans.
		Gloomy reports in the German and Russian press have not dissuaded many of the Russian-Germans, who are spurred on by resurgent nationalism in Central Asian countries such as Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
	www.germanlife.com /Archives/1995/9508_01.html (2171 words)

	The History of the Volga-Germans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		By 1890, the land in the Volga Region became scarce and German colonists were diverted to Siberia.
		Religion was deeply ingrained in the Volga German.
		The Volga German young men were drafted into the Russian Army and the young women were used as domestic servants in the big cities.
	www.lhm.org /LID/lidhist.htm (581 words)

	German-Russian Settlement Map
		German culture in the Nordic Baltic flourished under Swedish rule, but in 1720, at the conclusion of the Northern Wars, these lands were ceded to Russia.
		Eventually the government complied with the wishes of Russian people and in the spring of 1871 the colonists were informed by the Ukase of the imperial government that their privileges were gone except for religious freedom.
		Despite restrictions, the German population in Kaliningrad is rapidly increasing (from 200 in 1989 to 4,000 in 1993).
	www.rollintl.com /roll/grsettle.htm (6880 words)

	The Migration of the Russian-Germans to Kansas by Norman E. Saul, Spring 1974 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hostility to serve in the Russian army was quite high, however, because of the conditions that prevailed for recruits, perhaps exaggerated by rumor, bias against advancement for non-Russians, and the predominance of Russian Orthodox religious services.
		Among the Volga Germans were the Dreilings and Brungarts of Herzog and John Jacob Krug of the Landon creek Lutheran settlement.
		[3] The German historian, Karl Stumpp, is the chief authority on the Volga Germans.
	www.kshs.org /publicat/khq/1974/74_1_saul.htm (9711 words)

	German Government Helping Russian Germans in Altai \| RosbaltNews.COM
		The German government is to extend the implementation of projects to improve the life of Russian Germans in the Altai region.
		Japan is intensely lobbying the Russian government for a new pipeline to be built to the Sea of Japan.
		German political scientist Alexander Rahr believes that attempts to 'remove' Russia from European influence are making her a more attractive ally for the US.
	www.rosbaltnews.com /2003/07/21/63530.html (700 words)

	The Germans from Russia . . . In (Western) Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		As conditions deteriorated for Germans in Russia at the end of the 19th century, North America became the new promised land.
		About half of the Germans who settled in Western Canada in the pre-1914 era were from the German colonies in Russia-- from Volhynia, Bessarabia, the Odessa region, the Crimea, the shores of the Sea of Azov and the banks of the Volga.
		Volhynian Germans from Russia emigrated to Manitoba (to Brokenhead, Whitemouth, Morris, Rosenfeld and Gretna in the Winnipeg area).
	www.grhs.com /alberta/history2.html (1668 words)

	Pravda.RU:Russian Germans want normal conditions for development
		The Russian Germans aspire to creation of normal conditions for their cultural and social development, not re-establishment of territorial autonomy, said on Wednesday Vladimir Bauer, the President of the Russian Germans' Federal National-Cultural Autonomy (FNCA).
		The FNCA President believes that the Russian Germans as one of Russia's peoples must be represented in the bodies of power at the federal and local levels.
		Bauer added that the governors of the Kaluga and Tula Regions had proposed that vacant lands should be granted to those Russian Germans who desire to re-settle from Siberia and Kazakhstan to the central Russia.
	english.pravda.ru /society/2002/08/28/35475_.html (192 words)

	Books
		Transport of the Volga Germans from Oranienbaum to the Colonies on the Volga 1766-1767.
		A recent edition of the history of the Germans from Russia (begun about seventy years ago and left incomplete at her death in 1963) by Professor Williams concentrates on the Volga Germans, giving scrupulously researched and highly detailed descriptions of conditions in Germany during the 18th century that made emigration so attractive.
		Also discussed are the activities of the Russian immigration agents, the trek of the immigrants to the interior of Russia, the difficult early years, eventual prosperity, and final decline following outbreak of hostility against the colonists, their immigration to America, and the difficult pioneer years.
	www.ahsgr.org /books.htm (7043 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Ghetto woes afflict Russian-Germans
		Russian newspapers are on sale at the newsagent, there is a shop with Russian food products, and at Saturday morning football the only language in the air is Russian.
		He speaks German, but his Russian wife doesn't - it's unrealistic that she will learn," he says.
		Speaking German was banned in Russia during World War I, and the community was further oppressed by Soviet dictator Josef Stalin.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/4076245.stm (884 words)

	Monument in memory of Russian Germans unveiled in Russia's North - PRAVDA.Ru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Spokespeople for the German public organization "The House of the Fatherland" ("Dom Rodini") arrived in the city of Arkhangelsk in northern Russia to participate in the ceremony.
		The monument was consecrated according to traditions of the Lutheran church.
		The project of the monument in the memory of Russian Germans has been executed at the expense of the German public organization "The House of the Fatherland." Nuernberg guests arrived in Arkhangelsk to see the monument being unveiled.
	english.pravda.ru /main/18/87/343/14028_arkhangelsk.html (484 words)

	Catholic Culture : Liturgical Year : Easter Customs of the Russian Germans (Activity)
		Here the traditional blessing of the Easter foods and the Russian German version of the Easter Rabbit are described.
		After the long Lenten season of fasting, on Easter Sunday morning it is customary in the villages to take foods to the church to be blessed, fancy cakes or breads, eggs and fruits being chosen for the occasion.
		This custom is found in many cultures but the Russian Germans have a few distinctive variations in connection with it.
	www.catholicculture.org /lit/activities/view.cfm?id=824 (307 words)

	From Far Away Russia: Russian-Germans in Kansas, Kansas State Historical Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In these isolated lands they clustered in close-knit villages removed from their neighbors, preserving many of their German customs.
		Others were Catholics or Lutherans living along Russia's Volga River; they were known as the Volga Germans.
		The two main concentrations of Russian-German settlement in Kansas were the Mennonites in Marion, Harvey, and McPherson counties (highlighted in blue on Kansas map at right) and the Volga Germans in Ellis, Russell, and Rush counties (highlighted in red).
	www.kshs.org /exhibits/russia/russia1.htm (146 words)

	Volga Links and Resources
		Russian Germans in Siberia ~ Most pages in 3 languages except home page
		Germans From Russia on the Trail to Colorado ~ Colorado State University
		Numerous maps are available from the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia.
	www.webbitt.com /volga2/links.htm (230 words)

	Volga Germans
		Germans from Russia Heritage Collection at North Dakota State University (NDSU)
		The Volga Germans - A Light in the Darkness
		German Russian Settlements in Ellis and Rush County, KS
	www.webbitt.com /volga/links.html (314 words)

	German-Russian Genealogy Bridge to Information on German and Russian Genealogy
		History, heritage and genealogy of Germanic settlers in the Russian Empire.
		German Villages in the Volga Valley of Russia
		This project is aimed specifically at Russian immigrants who are intrigued about their ancestoral roots.
	www.geocities.com /SiliconValley/Haven/1538/germ_rus.html (387 words)

	ITAR-TASS: FORUM OF YOUNG RUSSIAN GERMANS IN BARNAUL@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		BARNAUL, Feb 08, 2002 (Itar-Tass via COMTEX) -- The main purpose of the Fourth Forum of Young Russian Germans, which ended here on Friday, was to revive and perpetuate German roots and traditions.
		The first such forum was held in Moscow in 1998, and similar functions were afterwards arranged in Saratov and Omsk.
		More than two hundred delegates from sixty youth clubs in different regions of Russia came to Altai, where more than 100,000 Russian Germans are now...
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:50110853&... (209 words)

	Germans from Russia Resource Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In reading German church records, you often come upon an entry that a person was born on on a feast day like "Simon Judah Day".
		All ethnic Germans who entered Germany in the early 1940's were required to fill out these documents, and in most of them, you'll find three generations of family listed for both the applicant AND the spouse!
		A mailing list for those interested in Germans from Russia research and family research oriented specifically to the Glueckstal Colonies of Bergdorf, Glueckstal, Kassel, and Neudorf and their daughter colonies.
	www.rollintl.com /Roll/links.htm (3205 words)

	AHSGR
		This seven-foot limestone statue depicts the German Russian families who settled in the United States, Canada and South America.
		Randy Stramel, a local architect and AHSGR member, donated his time and talents for the completion of this project.
		An international organization dedicated to the discovery, collection, preservation, and dissemination of information related to the history, cultural heritage and genealogy of Germanic Settlers in the Russian Empire and their descendants.
	www.ahsgr.org (131 words)

	Germans from Russia Research
		Arriving in the port of New York, NY Arriving in New York Feb-March 1891
		I am primarily interested in the Russian Volga village of SHCHERBAKOVKA aka TSCHERBAKOWKA, and work closely with a group of other Village Coordinators for the parishes of STEPHAN AND GALKA (which includes: SHCHERBAKOVKA, DREISPITZ, GALKA, STEPHAN, HOLSTEIN, KRAFT, DOBRINKA, SCHWAB & MUELLER).
		I hope that you will find something helpful in the research that I have posted here.
	www.angelfire.com /ks/gerrus (745 words)

	Catholic Culture : Liturgical Year : Lenten Customs of the Russian Germans (Activity)
		Catholic Culture : Liturgical Year : Lenten Customs of the Russian Germans (Activity)
		Here are a few Lenten customs that were practiced among the Russian Germans of Kansas.
		Included are a few of their traditional Mardi Gras foods, their use of blessed palms as protection from storms and fire on their farms, and the custom of substituting street clappers for the Angelus bells during the Sacred Triduum.
	www.catholicculture.org /lit/activities/view.cfm?id=823 (343 words)

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