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Topic: Russian Lapland

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	Lapland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lapland, (also Lappland, Lappi, Sápmi, Sameland, and Saamiland) Lappia in some historical writings and maps, is the name of the cultural region traditionally inhabited by the Sami people.
		Lapland is located in Northern Europe and includes the northern parts of Scandinavia and the Kola peninsula in Russia.
		Lapland demonstrates a distinct semi-national identity that transcends the borders between Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lapland (1353 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Lapland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Lapland is mountainous in N Norway and Sweden, reaching its highest point (6,965 ft/2,123 m) in Kebnekaise (Sweden), and consists largely of tundra in the northeast.
		Lapland is very rich in mineral resources, particularly in high-grade iron ore at Gällivare and Kiruna (Sweden), in copper at Sulitjelma (Norway), and in nickel and apatite in Russia.
		Lapland: the complete guide to Lapland; There's more to the land of reindeer than chaps in red suits with white beards.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/L/Lapland.asp (714 words)

	Lapland Forest Damage Project: Background to the research project and its implementation
		Severest defoliation in Scots pine in northernmost Lapland
		The principal goal of the Lapland Forest Damage Project was to study the impact that pollutant emissions from the Kola Peninsula were believed to have on the forests of Finnish Lapland.
		The use of the gradient method over the vast territory involved when examining Finnish and Russian Lapland was made possible by non-complex boreal ecosystems with their dearth of species and the fact that the pollution sources consisted of three smelter towns in the Kola Peninsula.
	www.metla.fi /julkaisut/muut/elproj/chapt1.html (2947 words)

	Lapland
		Lapland, (also Lappland, Lappi, SГЎpmi, Samiland, and Saamiland), is a region traditionally inhabited by the Sami people.
		The western portion is an area of fiords, deep valleys, glaciers, and mountains, the highest point being Mount Kebnekaise (2,111 m/6,926 ft), in Swedish Lapland.
		The Saami were conquered by the Norsemen in the 9th century AD and by the Russians in the 11th century.
	www.transporteon.com /Destinations-L/Lapland.php (1276 words)

	:: Lappi :: Lapland :: Lappland :: Laponie ::
		In average, tourists from Russia are middle-class people, who come to Lapland for 3-4 days to escape from their routine life, to enjoy the mystery snow-white Lapland.
		As it was mentioned on the Statistics page, most of the Russian tourists incoming to Lapland are return visitors, what could mean that they are satisfied and don’t see any reason to change the destination yet.
		The activities which Russians enjoy the most and participate in are just down-hill skiing and cross-country skiing, from the safaris snowmobile is chosen, but really low percent of Russians take part in reindeer and husky safaris.
	www.laplandfinland.com /?deptid=12785 (372 words)

	LAPLAND, or LAPPLAND - Online Information article about LAPLAND, or LAPPLAND
		The Russian Lapps are also for the most part fishers, as is natural in a district with such an extent of coast and such a number of lakes, not to mention the See also:
		At length in 1326 a treaty was concluded between Norway and Russia by which the supremacy of the Norwegians over the Lapps was recognized as far east as Voljo beyond Kandalax on the White Sea, and the supremacy of the Russians over the Karelians as far as Lyngen and the Malself.
		Alexander I. finally obtained the cession of Finland, he also added to his dominions the whole of Finnish Lapland to the east of the Muonio and the Kongama.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /KRO_LAP/LAPLAND_or_LAPPLAND.html (5600 words)

	Running with Reindeer: Encounters in Russian Lapland Natural History - Find Articles
		Russian Lapland, as the Kola is also known, has one large city (Murmansk), a few subsidiary industrial centers and mining towns, and a scattering of isolated villages in the hinterlands.
		In one memorable episode he hitched a ride through the backcountry on a clanking, tanklike all-terrain vehicle (minus the gun turret), accompanying a human-rights activist who was documenting a gulag of prison barracks.
		Russian Lapland may not come off as a vacation paradise, but Took's book is a marvelous introduction to a region of rich but almost forgotten heritage.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1134/is_4_113/ai_n6019496 (580 words)

	North-West Travel Bureau - Off-road tours in Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Russian Lapland is an amazing land where two absolutely different culture cross - the one of the Kola Lapps, primeval hunters and deer farmers and the other of the Russian coast-dwellers that came from Novgorod.
		Riding to Kuzomen' village situated in sand dunes in the mouth of the river Varzuga - Varzuga village (one of the earliest settlements of the Russian coast-dwellers at Tersky coast, a wooden church (XVIII) built without a nail).
		Umba - visiting a museum of history and lifestyle of the Russian coast dwellers, a handicraft center and a souvenir workshop.
	www.nwtb.ru /eng/jeep.html (615 words)

	NEWS '95: Monumental art of eastern Lapland as a historical record
		Geological and geomorphological observations suggest that the lower of the two groups may date from the end of the 3rd or the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC, while the upper group may be of the 2nd or 1st millennium BC.
		The discovery of rock pictures in the central part of Russian Lapland in 1973 and in its north-western extremity, the Rybatchy Peninsula, in 1985 and 1986 places the Kola Peninsula within the zone of hunter or arctic monumental art tradition (Gurina and Shumkin 1974, p.9-10; Shumkin 1987, p.14; 1987a, p.292-3; 1990, fig.I-II) of northern Fennoscandia.
		Taking into account the appearance of the eastern impulse mirrored in the culture of Lapland aborigines at the turn of the millennium BC, the closest analogies and the completeness of the composition, it may be tentatively dated to that very period.
	www.afs.org /partners/rus/event/rockart/shumk.htm (2865 words)

	Telegraph \| Travel \| Book review: Reindeer - but not as we know them
		Although he disliked cold weather, bogs and mosquitoes, Took, an art historian, went to Russian Lapland because he wanted to see Russia, but not the usual parts, and because a conservationist called it "Europe's last wilderness".
		Russian Lapland is the eastern part of the vast shoulder that peaks at the North Cape and consists of undulating tundra, forest and bog, sequinned with lakes and veined by streams.
		Russians flocked there for the high wages that bought them three months of basking in the Crimea.
	telegraph.co.uk /travel/main.jhtml?xml=/travel/2003/02/25/etbkrein.xml (598 words)

	ST PETERSBURG FINLAND LAPLAND FINNISH Russian Print Engraving RUSSIAN ANTIQUITIES NOMADIC NOMADS Antique art print ...
		Vauxhall —There are competing theories as to why the Russian word for a railway station is vokzal, pronounced very similarly to Vauxhall.
		It has been long suggested that a Russian delegation visited the area to inspect the construction of the London and South Western Railway in 1840, and mistook the name of the location for a generic title of the building type.
		This pavilion was called the Vokzal (Russian spelling of "Vauxhall") in homage to its famous London predecessor.
	www.vintage-views.com /RUSSIA/pages/0222257K5_jpg.htm (286 words)

	Alibris: Lapland
		Exploring the wilderness of the Russian Lapland, Took tells his compelling story of adventures spent with this remote reindeer herding and hunting community on the fringes of the modern world.
		Left to fend for himself in the wilderness of Lapland, a puppy grows to become the leader of a wolf pack.
		Rather than relinquish his family's wealth to his treacherous uncle, a fifteen-year-old Lapp boy undertakes a secret journey to his ancestral burial ground, proving he has the courage and inherited right to be the head of the family.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/subject/Lapland (592 words)

	Hotel Industry. Committee for foreign economic activity of the city of moscow
		The Russian Department of UTE Megapolus Group was established not long ago, in 2002.
		The start of the implementation of the plan for the construction of a network of hotel complexes in the Central Federal District, with the Orthodox Church making an important contribution to it.
		There is a place at the Kolskiy penninsula, where physical laws are not subjected to the moskery of metaphysics...
	www.moshotel.com /index.php?act=article&id=22 (333 words)

	LAPLAND. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Lapps or Laplanders, who constitute the indigenous population, number about 60,000.
		The largest concentration of Lapps are found in Norway (about 25,000), where they are called Sami or Finns (hence the province name Finnmark).
		B.C. Though mainly conquered by Sweden and Norway in the Middle Ages, the Lapps long resisted Christianization, which was completed only in the 18th cent.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/la/Lapland.html (338 words)

	books about: lapland (pictureback northlights blackwater) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Touted as Europe's "last true wilderness", Russian Lapland (which goes by a number of names, including the Kola Peninsula and Murmansk Region) lies mostly north of the Arctic Circle and is generally unknown to the West.
		Lapland is not familiar to a good many people.
		You will learn that Lapland is one of the last areas of Earth from which the ice sheets retreated.
	www.very-clever.com /books/lapland (580 words)

	Lapin yliopisto - University of Lapland - Lapplands universitet : Ulapland.fi/In English/Units/International Studies ...
		Please note that Russian Studies Program RSP and the University of Lapland do not have any funds available to support students in need of financial assistance. Students must be prepared to meet all expenses from private funds or from scholarships obtained in their own country.
		At the University of Lapland, credits are used to define the extent of a given course.
		In accordance with the establishment of a European Higher Education Area, the University of Lapland has fully adopted the ECTS credit system, thus, the term “credit” is hereafter abbreviated as “cr.” and referred to as “ECTS cr.”.
	www.ulapland.fi /?deptid=13869 (612 words)

	Ancestors of the Saami lived already in Russian Lapland
		About two and a half millenniums of isolated life were finished at the end of the first millennium of the Common Era, when Russian and Finnish traders began penetrating on Kola Peninsula and Norwegians began to grow roots at the Barents Sea coast.
		At the same time, despite of the prevalence of newly arrived nations, the culture and the way of life of the Saami were so unusual and remembered that very soon all the area populated by Saami began to be referred to as Lapland.
		Increasing artificial isolation of several groups of one nation during several centuries and contacts of the Russian Saami with another reindeer-breeding nation of Komi - Izhemtsy during the last century, have resulted in forming of appreciable distinctions in the Saami costume, traditions and folklore.
	www.kolatravel.com /russian_lapland.htm (604 words)

	Impala 4x4 Offroad Driving Tuition Team Building Days Adventure Holidays
		You will explore the forests and lakes of the Russian Lapland near the mining town of Monchegorsk before driving on the beach beside the White Sea in the Kola Peninsular.
		Our adventure through the Russian Lapland is on “winter roads”, so called because local people only travel on them when they are covered in ice and therefore smooth.
		The Russian four wheel drive club at Murmansk did not believe that we could drive this route and were much perturbed when they found out that we had succeeded.
	www.impalaadventures.com /offroad-safari-holiday-russia.htm (2638 words)

	Barentsinfo : Ulapland.fi/Kotisivut/Barents portal/News
		Decline in Russian cod fisheries in the Barents Sea (7.8.2006)
		Intensive short-term course of the Russian language in June 2005.
		Russian energy sector restructuring in the Arkhangelsk Region (9.3.2005)
	www.barentsinfo.org /?deptid=13875 (2072 words)

	New Year in Lapland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Dinner of "shashlik" (Russian barbecue) on the coast of frozen lake IMANDRA in practically complete darkness of Polar night.
		A shot of Russian vodka is the traditional method of keeping warm in the Arctic outdoors, but a warm, open campfire will help as well.
		Trip to the village of Lovozero - the capital of Russian Lapland (160 kms).
	www.kolaklub.com /southkola/nye.htm (661 words)

	Skitour.com and Coleman Travel - Magical Santa Claus Tour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Visit a traditional Russian village by horse-drawn sleigh, and have a traditional Russian Christmas party at a spectacular Russian palace in the center of St. Petersburg.
		Afterwards, visit to Shuvalovka, a replica traditional Russian village, constructed in the city of St Petersburg, replica copies of 19th century country village buildings.
		There will be a traditional Russian Folk Party (a posidelki) with indoor games for the children with the clowns, folk dancing and music.
	skitour.com /grouptrips/trips05/santa1204.htm (927 words)

	lapland tour operators - you'll find information you need here (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Includes bicycling hiking and as cater to the requirements of tour operators and incentive houses A La Carte Lapland is the first choice for individuals tour operators tour and coach operators and incentive All sites This category only India sites only.
		Based in Finnish Lapland offering a wide range of motivational on the northern Gulf of Bothnia out of Kemi in Finnish Lapland Tour agencies operators or all other travel and holiday partners Many winter and summer holidays on Kola Peninsula Russian Lapland.
		lapland tour operators © Copyright 2006 lapland tour operators · All Rights Reserved.
	webinside.info /tour_operators/lapland-tour-operators.htm (634 words)

	Major field projects
		Project tasks and goals: Culture layers dating, study of the paleogeographic environment during the camp populating, archaeological complexes culture determining, housing reconstruction.
		Main attention is paid to study of the best preserved layers belonged to the Viking Age IX-X cc.
		Social and culture-historical reconstruction of the society during the Old Russian state becoming.
	iimk.nw.ru /eng/projects.htm (660 words)

	Travel \| I lost my heart in... Russian Lapland
		It's big, bad and beautiful: big with the feeling of Soviet vastness; bad because of what the Russians did to the indigenous Lapps after 1920, and, later, to the area, where they used to dump nuclear submarines and spent fuel - a disaster waiting to happen; and naturally beautiful.
		Russian Lapland has a road-less interior with birds of prey and rivers teeming with salmon - making it an angler's paradise.
		In winter, reindeer skin coat and boots; in summer, a mosquito head-net.
	travel.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4615457-107314,00.html (215 words)

	Russia Travel Forums - View topic - Good Books
		Running with Reindeer, Encounters in Russian Lapland, by Roger Took.
		He is British and writes fascinating, well written true stories of his adventures during a decade he spent living in Russian Lapland.
		It is a way to get new updated content directly to your computer, instead of browsing for it on the internet.
	www.waytorussia.net /TalkLounge/nconversation2807.html (319 words)

	Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Russian Women, 1698-1917: Experience and Expression, an Anthology of Sources
		Russian Exploration in Southwest Alaska: The Travel Journals of Petr Korsakovskiy (1829)
		Armies of 1812: The Grand Armee and the Armies of Austria Prussia Russian and Turkey
	www.ah0.org /subjects/5032.shtml (1497 words)

	AllRefer.com - Lapland, Scandinavia (Scandinavian Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Lapland, Scandinavia (Scandinavian Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		Lapland is very rich in mineral resources, particularly in high-grade iron ore at GAllivare and Kiruna (Sweden), in copper at Sulitjelma (Norway), and in nickel and apatite in Russia.
		See V. Stalder, Lapland (1971) and N.-A. Valkeapaa, Greetings from Lappland: The Sami : Europe's Forgotten People (1983).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/Lapland.html (539 words)

	Russia Lapland Dog Sledding Expedition SM14
		This expedition leads you into Russia’s Lapland on the Kola Peninsula and back.
		to Russia's Lapland - part of the Sami homelands.
		Comprehensive personal insurance, including search and rescue is required on this trip.
	www.nkf-mt.org.uk /Russia.Dog.Sledding.Lapland.htm (470 words)

	Additional experiences during polar night; Russian Lapland
		Snowmobile safaris: For adventurous people who like the huge Russian wilderness with dense forests, panoramic lakes and breathtakingly beautiful views over the magnificent mountains we offer an unforgettable snowmobile safaris.
		Cross-country ski holidays: For those who like to be in the untouched northern nature there is the cross-country skiing, one of the most suitable possibilities.
		Excursions on the Kola Peninsula: Tailor-made programs in Russian Lapland for those who have more time or want to have a special subject (on special request).
	www.kolatravel.com /winter_holidays.htm (364 words)

	Russian Lapland Holiday Tour
		Holidays in Russia featuring Russian Lapland with Regent Holidays
		Please note that from the June 9th 2006, the Russian embassy will only accept typed visa application forms.
		Please allow a minimum of four weeks to obtain Russian visas
	www.regent-holidays.co.uk /russlapland.html (339 words)

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