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	Marcus, Kripke, and the Origin of The New Theory of Reference
		Marcus wants to argue that the equivalence relations to be unpacked in (10) and (15) are not strong enough to support the relevant theses of the "disguised contingent description" theory of proper names.
		Marcus' arguments for the "direct reference theory" make manifest her discovery of a fifth crucial component of the New Theory of Reference, the concept of rigid designation (although the name of this concept, "rigid designation" was first coined by Kripke).
		Marcus notes in her 1970 APA paper, "Essential Attribution", presented at a symposium at which Kripke was one of the symposiasts, that "individual names don't alter their reference, except to the extent that in (respect of) some worlds they may not refer at all" (1971: 194).
	www.qsmithwmu.com /marcus,_kripke,_and_the_origin_of_the_new_theory_of_reference.htm (3711 words)

	Barcan formula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In quantified modal logic, the Barcan formula and the converse Barcan formula state possible relationships between quantifiers and modalities.
		The Barcan formula is most often used when adding quantifiers to Clarence Irving Lewis's modal logic S5, and was first proposed by Ruth Barcan Marcus.
		It implies the converse condition of the Barcan formula regarding the existence of objects in the actual world and all accessible possible worlds--i.e.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barcan_formula (262 words)

	Contemporary Ethical Theory - Third Exam
		Ruth Barcan Marcus discusses two means of avoiding moral dilemmas, that provided by Ethical Formalism and that provided by Moral Intuitionism.
		State, explain, and critically discuss the second order moral principle Ruth Barcan Marcus proposes in response to the recognition that moral dilemmas are possible.
		Ruth Barcan Marcus offered as examples of moral dilemmas "symmetry" cases, in which one could help either of two identical twins but could not help both.
	comp.uark.edu /~rlee/contsp98/exam3q.html (1097 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 93038811 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Table of contents for Modality, morality, and belief : essays in honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus / edited by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong in collaboration with Diana Raffman, Nicholas Asher.
		Ruth Barcan Marcus and the Barcan formula Terence Parsons 2.
		Marcus and the problem of nested deontic modalities Nuel Belnap and Paul Bartha Part III.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/cam025/93038811.html (196 words)

	Ruth Barcan Marcus Bibliography
		"Ruth Barcan Marcus." In A.P. Martinich and David Sosa, eds., A Companion to Analytic Philosophy, pp.
		"Festschrift zu Ehren von Ruth Barcan Marcus," herausgegeben von Henri Lauener.
		"Marcus and the New Theory of Reference: A Reply to Scott Soames." Synthese (August 1995), 104(2):217-244.
	sun3.lib.uci.edu /eyeghiay/Philosophy/Faculty/Visiting/marcus.html (1504 words)

	Oxford University Press: Modalities: Ruth Barcan Marcus
		Based on her earlier ground-breaking axiomatization of quantified modal logic, the papers collected here by the distinguished philosopher Ruth Barcan Marcus cover much ground in the development of her thought, spanning from 1961 to 1990.
		Marcus also addresses the putative puzzles about substitutivity and about essentialism.
		"The great contribution Marcus has made to several of intensely discussed topics in philosophy might not have been noticed fully without this collection of some of her most important articles that makes it evident that her achievement is not limited to inventing the famous Barcan formula."--Erkenntnis
	www.oup.com /us/catalog/23805/subject/LogicAndPhilosophyOfMathematics/~~/c2Y9YWxsJnNzPWF1dGhvci5hc2Mmc2Q9YXNjJnBmPTUwJnZpZXc9dXNhJnByPTEwJmJvb2tDb3ZlcnM9eWVzJmNpPTAxOTUwOTY1NzY= (623 words)

	logicandlanguage.net: Google Definitions
		At a 1962 conference in Helsinki (the same conference at which Kripke presented "Semantic Considerations on Modal Logic"), Ruth Barcan Marcus said the following: [T]o discover that we have alternative proper names for...
		And you might think that Barcan Marcus' comment contained some important and radical semantic ideas but wasn't yet very clear on one of the epistemic possibilities that could go along with those ideas (namely that two names, e.g.
		There you go, Ruth Barcan-Marcus was right and all that hard astronomy was for nothing.
	www.logicandlanguage.net /archives/2005/04/google_definiti.html (629 words)

	Formal Philosophy / Ruth Barcan Marcus
		On the given formalizations the converse is provable.
		The “Barcan Formula” and its converse remains a subject for debate.
		A sample model theoretic semantics with fixed domain is given in which the Barcan formula is provable.
	formalphilosophy.com /Formal_Philosophy_files/Interviews/Marcus.html (947 words)

	Quentin Smith Philosopher Vita
		"Marcus' 1961 Article As A Termination of Russellian Dominance In Analytic Philosophy" in H. Launer (ed), Dialectica (Festschrift for Ruth Barcan Marcus) Vol.
		"Marcus, Kripke, and the Origin of The New Theory of Reference", Synthese, Volume 104, No. 2, August 1995, pp.
		"Marcus, Kripke and the Origin of the New Theory of Reference", Eastern Division APA Meeting in Boston.
	www.qsmithwmu.com /vita.htm (2813 words)

	Marcus, Sinnott-Armstrong, Raffman and Asher (1995) Modality, morality, and belief: Essays in honor of Ruth Barcan ...
		Marcus, Sinnott-Armstrong, Raffman and Asher (1995) Modality, morality, and belief: Essays in honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus
		Modality (Logic); Ethics, Modern; Belief and doubt; 20th century; Marcus, Ruth Barcan
		To view the the latter's ratings, click on Chapters/Papers/Articles in the STATISTICS box, select a publication from the list that appears, and then click on either Quality or Interest in that publication's STATISTICS box.
	www.getcited.org /?PUB=103104324&showStat=Ratings (113 words)

	The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Ruth Barcan Marcus
		The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Ruth Barcan Marcus
		According to our current on-line database, Ruth Barcan Marcus has 1 students and 3 descendants.
		If you have additional information or corrections regarding this mathematician, please use the update form.
	genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu /html/id.phtml?id=82835 (117 words)

	AddALL.com - Modalities: Philosophical Essays
		If you cannot find this book in our new and in print search, be sure to try our used and out of print search too!
		Informed by her earlier ground-breaking axiomatizations of quantified modal logic, the papers collected here by the distinguished philosopher Ruth Barcan Marcus cover much ground in the development of her thought from 1961 to 1990.
		The first essay introduces themes initially viewed as iconoclastic, such as the necessity of identity, the directly referential role of proper names as 'tags', the Barcan Formula about the interplay of possibility and existence, and alternative interpretations of quantification.
	www.addall.com /detail/0195096576.html (168 words)

	Modality, Morality and Belief : Essays in Honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong [ISBN: 0521440823] - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Modality, Morality and Belief : Essays in Honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong [ISBN: 0521440823] - Find Cheap Textbook Prices & Save BIG
		Modality, morality and belief are among the most controversial topics in philosophy today, and few philosophers have shaped these debates as deeply as Ruth Barcan Marcus.
		Inspired by her work, a distinguished group of philosophers explore these issues, refine and sharpen arguments and develop new positions on such topics as possible worlds, moral dilemmas, essentialism, and the explanation of actions by beliefs.
	www.gettextbooks.com /isbn_0521440823.html (113 words)

	Find in a Library: Modality, morality, and belief : essays in honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus
		Find in a Library: Modality, morality, and belief : essays in honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus
		by Ruth Barcan Marcus; Walter Sinnott-Armstrong; Diana Raffman; Nicholas Asher
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/94bc4a80311e018ba19afeb4da09e526.html (84 words)

	Preprints
		Substitutivity and Side Effects (Draft #3, February 2005)
		This paper was for a session on the philosophy of Ruth Barcan Marcus held at the Eastern Division APA meeting in December 2000.
		It's about how to formulate the substitutivity principle so that it's immune to various counterexamples, and how to explain the fact that quantifying into contexts that resist substitutivity makes no sense in some cases but seems fine in others.
	www.tulane.edu /~forbes/preprints.html (1002 words)

	DBLP: Ruth Barcan Marcus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
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		Ruth Barcan Marcus: Strict Implication, Deducibility and the Deduction Theorem.
		Ruth Barcan Marcus: The Elimination of Contextually Defined Predicates in a Modal System.
	www.informatik.uni-trier.de /~ley/db/indices/a-tree/m/Marcus:Ruth_Barcan.html (55 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 93038811 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 93038811
		Publisher description for Modality, morality, and belief : essays in honor of Ruth Barcan Marcus / edited by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong in collaboration with Diana Raffman, Nicholas Asher.
		This 'state of the art' collection honours one of the most rigorous and iconoclastic of philosophical pioneers.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/cam026/93038811.html (157 words)

	CV Gendler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		“Why Language is not a ‘Direct Medium’: Commentary on Ruth Garrett Millikan.”
		Review of Paul L. Harris’s The Work of the Imagination.
		“Ruth Barcan Marcus” and “Judith Jarvis Thomson.” (biographical entries)
	people.cornell.edu /pages/tsg3/CV.htm (1624 words)

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