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Topic: Rwandese Patriotic Front

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	Rwandese Patriotic Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However the RPF commander Fred Rwigema was killed by a stray bullet within a week of the war beginning and the rebel forces were thrown into confusion.
		The RPF troops within the CND building, having dug strong defences during the previous months, in case they were caught in the capital with their supply lines cut and under attack, were engaged by the Rwanda army in the nearby army camp at Kanombe, near the airport.
		In the capital, the RPF advance continued its slow yet methodical encirclement of the city, forcing the airport to close on 5 May due to intense shelling.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rwandese_Patriotic_Front (1691 words)

	Rwanda: Reports of killings and abductions by the Rwandese Patriotic Army, April-August 1994 - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Rwandese Patriotic Army (RPA)(1), Rwanda's new national army which until July 1994 was the armed wing of the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF), has the reputation of being much better organized and disciplined than the security forces of the former government(2) it overthrew in July 1994.
		RPF leaders explained that the combatants seemed to have carried out the killings because they suspected the priests of complicity in the killing of members of their families, including some of the Tutsi who had fled to Kabgayi.
		According to the report, the RPF soldiers stopped a convoy of five British army trucks carrying approximately 200 returning Hutu refugees at a checkpoint 40 kilometres east of the border town of Kibuye as they were crossing from the UN "safe zone" into territory controlled by the Government of Rwanda.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAFR470161994?open&of=ENG-RWA (5318 words)

	Rwanda: The enduring legacy of the genocide and war - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Rwandese labelled "Tutsi" were the principal victims of the government-orchestrated mass killings that occurred within the context of the October 1990 to July 1994 armed conflict between Rwandese government forces and the then armed political group known as the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF).
		The Rwandese government consistently argued that released detainees faced reprisals in their home communities even though studies by Rwandese human rights organizations indicated that this was not necessarily the case.
		The Rwandese government is a principle party of the DRC conflict which led to the deaths of approximately 3.3 million The Rwandese people between August 1998 and August 2002.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAFR470082004?open&of=ENG-RWA (7587 words)

	The Rwandan Patriotic Front (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999)
		RPF opposition to UNAMIR II contributed to the reluctance of the U.S. and other powers to support such a force, a reluctance which in turn accounts at least in part for the slowness with which the operation was mounted.
		In some places, RPF forces killed civilians at meetings organized soon after their arrival in the community, a practice which gave rise to the bitter joke that kwitaba Imana, meaning to die, had come to mean the same as kwitaba inama, to attend a meeting.
		RPF leaders occasionally sought to justify civilian deaths as the unavoidable consequence of combat but most often they portrayed the killings as spontaneous acts of vengeance by recently recruited young soldiers who were not yet fully trained.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1999/rwanda/Geno15-8-03.htm (15458 words)

	The International response to Conflict and Genocide; Lessons from the Rwanda experience. Study 1. Historical ...
		RPF occupation of an important zone in the pr‚fectures of Ruhengeri and Byumba.
		Arusha protocol on inclusion of RPF in the army and the gendarmerie, and specifications on the transitional institutions.
		RPF forces gain control of the airport in Kigali and the Kanombe barracks, and extend their control over the northern and eastern parts of Rwanda.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /Rwanda/Rwanda4g.htm (4693 words)

	Contents of spoon-archives/marxism-general.archive/rwanda
		The RPF invasion precipitated a wave of refugees, and the sharpening of the polarisation of Rwandan society.
		Both investigations established that the RPF was responsible for killings, but, in the tortuous logic of the- Tribunal, that the killings were neither systematic nor planned attacks upon an ethnic group, and therefore outside the remit of genocide.
		While the RPF sought to persuade the Americans that the conflict was really a case of genocide, the primary advocates of this approach were Western 'non-governmental' organisations (NGOs).
	www.driftline.org /cgi-bin/archive/archive.cgi?list=spoon-archives/marxism-general.archive/rwanda (8838 words)

	:: :: THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA :: :: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		When the war began, Rwandese peasants and workers, students and intellectuals, men and women from every region and "ethnic" or social group, responded to the call of the Rwandese Patriotic Front to rid our country of dictatorship.
		RPF honoured all its commitments when in December 1993 it sent 600 of its troops to Kigali, as well as members of the Executive who were supposed to be members of the transitional government.
		On the political front, the Government of National Unity has made progress in maintaining the inclusiveness of the broad-based government as an indispensable component of the new political dispensation.
	www.rwanda4u.com /history.htm (3586 words)

	NRM & RPF
		Front, RPF, Dr Charles Muligande, a delegation from the secretariat of Uganda
		Front, the two delegations reaffirmed the importance of its historical relations
		Republic of Rwanda and the chairman of the RPF, Paul Kagame.
	rwandarugali.tripod.com /rwanda/id84.html (454 words)

	Rwandan - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Rwandan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A referendum held at the end of 1978 approved a new constitution, but military rule continued until 1980, when civilian rule was adopted.
		In October 1990, a Tutsi rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (FPR), invaded from Uganda (where many Tutsis had fled after independence).
		Under pressure from the FPR, the government promised to reform the constitution, allowing other political parties to operate, and a power-sharing agreement was signed in September 1992.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Rwandan (1491 words)

	hakizaa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		All the prognostications set by the RPF members in exile indicate and their sympathizers agreed that the war they hoped to launch against the Rwandese Hutus was going to end with a quick victory by the RPF Tutsis, and that civilian casualties would be less than 500.
		In keeping with the RPF starting strategies, these prognostications were true; and yet, they did not take into account the eventual intervention of foreign troops on the side of the Rwandese Armed Forces, and which would in the process make the war drag on.
		When the RPF was repelled by the Rwandese Armed Forces assisted by the Zaïrian troops on October 3, 1990, it became necessary very soon to think of change of strategies and methods.
	www2.minorisa.es /inshuti/hakizaa.htm (2354 words)

	Official Website of the Government of Rwanda
		On March 29th, 1991, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the RPF and the then Government of Rwanda signed the N'sele Ceasefire Agreement which provided for, among other things, cessation of hostilities, withdrawal of foreign troops, exchange of prisoners of war and finally, seriuos political negotiations to end the conflict.
		RANU (Rwandese Alliance for National unity) is established by a group of Rwandese exiles in Kenya.
		Several thousands of Rwandese refugees and Ugandans of Rwandese origin are expelled from Uganda to Rwanda by the dictatorial regime of Milton Obote.
	www.gov.rw /government/historyf.html (3437 words)

	Role played by the political ideology of the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF-Inkotanyi) in the transformation of the ...
		After coming to power in July 1994, the RPF promised to replace the partisan, extremist ideology which had drove Rwanda into the 1994 genocide with an ideology that is national, democratic, inclusive; open to change and dedicated to ameliorating the living conditions of each and every Rwandan.
		The study hypothesis is the statement that: The RPF political ideology is promoting the transformation of the Rwandan conflict.
		The study found out that during the RPF led regime, the Rwandan conflict is being transformed and that the RPF political ideology is playing a spearheading role in the transformation of that conflict.
	www.thesisabstracts.com /articles/publish/printer_165.shtml (527 words)

	Articles - Rwanda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In 1990, the Tutsi-dominated Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF) invaded Rwanda from Uganda.
		The military government of JuvÃ©nal Habyarimana responded to the RPF invasion with pogroms against Tutsis, whom it claimed were trying to re-enslave the Hutus.
		During the armed conflict, the RPF was blamed for the bombing of Kigali.
	www.ezorange.com /articles/Rwanda (2085 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The attack took place after Seth Sendashonga was lured to an appointment by a Rwandese man, known to him as a member of the Rwandese Patriotic Army (RPA), who claimed that he wanted to give Sendashonga a document.
		BACKGROUND INFORMATION Kenya is host to several thousand Rwandese refugees, many of whom fled their country in the immediate aftermath of the genocide in Rwanda which claimed as many as one million lives between April and July 1994.
		Rwandese and other refugees in Kenya have also been victims of human rights abuses by the Kenyan authorities, including arbitrary arrest, ill-treatment and torture (UA 270/95, AFR 32/24/95, 6 December 1995).
	www.derechos.org /human-rights/afr/seth.txt (676 words)

	Repatriation of Rwandese refugees based in Zambia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		We, the Rwandese Refugees Community in Zambia, are deeply concerned by the recent development brought up in the News papers, in which the Deputy Minister of Home Affairs is confirming that war has ended in Rwanda, so no reason of keeping Rwandese refugees in Zambia.
		The modalities of discussion and preparing the repatriation of Rwandese refugees in Zambia must be initiated according to the request submitted by the Government of Rwanda.
		From 1994 to date, Rwandese refugees have remained in exile in Zambia and in many other countries in the world, and so many others have been joining them in exile, mainly because of the persistent violations of human rights by the Rwandese Patriotic Front(RPF) undemocratic regime in Rwanda.
	www2.minorisa.es /inshuti/zambia.htm (1081 words)

	AI REPORT 1997: Rwanda (the Rwandese Republic)
		The armed groups were believed to be composed of former Rwandese government forces and interahamwe militia responsible for the 1994 genocide.
		More than one million Rwandese refugees were deprived of all humanitarian aid by the fighting.
		In December, most of the estimated 540,000 Rwandese refugees in Tanzania were also forced to return to Rwanda, following a joint statement issued by the Tanzanian Government and the un High Commissioner for Refugees that all Rwandese refugees were expected to leave by 31 December.
	www.amnesty.org /ailib/aireport/ar97/AFR47.htm (2058 words)

	PAN AFRICAN MOVEMENT
		It is this RPF, now still defamed by those who have lost the battle against the Rwandan people, that initiated the present transition.
		It is RPF that constituted itself into a nucleus around which finally the broadbased government galvanised.
		Therefore RPF is familiar with the fight for justice, national unity, reconciliation and democratisation.
	www.panafricanmovement.org /Genocide.htm (1871 words)

	The EastAfrican (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Previously non-existent, the post was created under the declaration of the RPF principles when it took power in 1994.
		A high-level source in Kigali said Colonel Emmanuel Habyarimana, a Hutu and former member of the Rwanda government Forces (RGF) of the late Juvenal Habyarimana, was chosen last week to take over the Defence Ministry as a strategic move to appease critics of the Kigali regime who say it is dominated by the Tutsi elite.
		Although the governing fundamental law of Rwanda provides that the Ministry of Defence belongs to the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF) under a power sharing agreement between political parties, this time the post has been given to a non-member.
	www.nationaudio.com /News/EastAfrican/01052000/Regional/Regional20.html (283 words)

	Rwandese Patriotic Front: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		led by President Paul Kagame (Paul kagame (born october 23, 1957) is the president of rwanda, and was a founder of the rwandese patriotic...)
		The RPF was founded in 1985 in Uganda (A landlocked republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962)
		RPF leader Paul Kagame (Paul kagame (born october 23, 1957) is the president of rwanda, and was a founder of the rwandese patriotic...)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/rwandese_patriotic_front (344 words)

	Committee on Conscience \| Analysis \| Biography
		He served in the Rwandese Patriotic Front as Field Doctor/Liaison Officer (1990-1991), Member of the Executive Committee (1991-1993), and as Secretary General (1993-1996).
		During his military career he served as the senior liaison of the Rwandese Patriotic Front to European and African government officials, the Organization of African Unity, the United States, and the United Nations.
		Together with other leaders of the RPF, he coordinated and supervised a variety of military and political initiatives in setting up the current Government of National Unity.
	www.ushmm.org /conscience/analysis/bios.php?content=rudasingwa_theogene (255 words)

	Genocide in Rwanda
		Four months earlier, the Habyarimana government, the rebel Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF), and the civilian opposition parties had signed a comprehensive agreement in Arusha, Tanzania.
		ccording to moderate ministers in the government, Rawson, knowingly or not, encouraged the extremists in derailing the peace process by echoing their claims that it was the RPF that had created all the obstacles to peace.
		Senior RPF members report that when they presented evidence of the planned genocide, the ambassador dismissed them with the charge that they were just looking for a pretext to restart the war.
	mediafilter.org /CAQ/CAQ52Rw3.html (696 words)

	The EastAfrican on the Web
		This is the first presidential polls after the 1994 genocide, which claimed the lives of more than 800,000 people most of then ethnic Tutsis and moderate Hutus.
		Kagame's candidature was endorsed two weeks ago by his ruling party, the Rwandese Patriotic Front.
		The Rwandese Patriotic Army was transformed from a guerrilla force into a national army, the Rwanda Defence Forces (RDF), after stopping the 1994 genocide.
	www.nationaudio.com /News/EastAfrican/14072003/Regional/Regional34.html (579 words)

	Legislative Gazette
		The president of Rwanda was returning home after discussing a peace treaty with the Tutsi Rwandese Patriotic Front.
		The Hutu, saying the peace treaty was a ploy to draw out the president, blamed the assassination of Habyarimana on Tutsi rebels.
		The Tutsi Rwandese Patriotic Front fought to stop the killings.
	www.legislativegazette.com /read_more.php?story=1035 (941 words)

	Genocide Resources: Bibliography, Main, annotations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It examines instances of massacre, attempts toward peace and democracy, international intervention, renewed aggressions with genocidal intentions and consequences, and ultimately the rebuilding and reconstruction process of Rwandese society is faced with.
		Abstract: Dr. Rudasingwa is the Secretary General in the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF).
		The focus is on those governmental and private organizations and forces within Rwanda and the surrounding regions and countries, as well as Rwandese and African humanitarian organizations, which played a role before, during, and throughout the crises and massacres perpetrated in Rwanda and upon its citizens.
	latte.memphis.edu /~genocide/bib3.htm (5432 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		TEXT: Faustin Twagiramungu is one of four candidates vying for the position of president, a post currently held by President Paul Kagame of the ruling Rwandese Patriotic Front.
		Twagiramungu who is basing his campaign on ethnic politics by telling Hutus to take back power.
		He's saying that the R-P-F (Rwandese Patriotic Front) is using that way (ethnic politics).
	www.help-for-you.com /news/Aug2003/scripts/24e571a6.html (376 words)

	Search Tuna Report for rwanda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In 1995, A UN-Appointed Tribunal, Based In Tanzania, Began Indicting And Sentencing A Number Of Higher-Ranking People For genocide In The Hutu-Tutsi Atrocities; However, The Whereabouts Of Many Suspects Were Unknown....
		President Pasteur Bizimungu, An Ethnic Hutu, And Vice President And Minister Of Defense Paul Kagame, An Ethnic Tutsi, Both Belong To The RPF The Mainly Hutu Republican Democratic Movement Retains The Office Of Prime Minister....
		RWANDA The Largely Tutsi Rwandan Patriotic Front RPF, Which Took Power Following The Civil War And genocide Of 1994, Is The Principal Political Force And Controls The Government Of National Unity....
	www.searchtuna.com /ftlive2/2184.html (2358 words)

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