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 | | If Norman ascribes a propositional attitude to Sal by means of a content sentence S containing a singular term T, but does not take the identifying mode through which he himself refers with T as identical to Sal's, then Norman does not use T to specify an exact component within Sal's content. |
 | | By contrast, Norman's use of T is to be construed internally just in case Norman claims to specify not only Sal's referent, but also a mode through which Sal identifies this referent, and in such a case we may speak of a cumulation of Norman's reference with Sal's (Castaneda 1989a, 1990b). |
 | | Since there are not always syntactic or semantic indicators determining when external construal is permitted, context becomes the decisive factor, be this the surrounding text or other pragmatic features such as the speaker's intentions. |
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