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Topic: SHA1

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	SHA1 Encryption Algorithm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The SHA1 is required for use with the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) as specified in the Digital Signature Standard (DSS) and whenever a secure hash algorithm is required.
		SHA1 is used for computing a condensed representation of a message or a data file.
		The SHA1 is called secure because it is computationally infeasible to find a message which corresponds to a given message digest, or to find two different messages which produce the same message digest.
	www.vocal.com /SHA.html (416 words)

	Digest::SHA1 - phpMan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The following methods are provided: $sha1 = Digest::SHA1->new The constructor returns a new "Digest::SHA1" object which encapsu- late the state of the SHA-1 message-digest algorithm.
		Example: my $sha1 = Digest::SHA1->new; while (<>) { $sha1->add($_); print "Line $.: ", $sha1->clone->hexdigest, "\n"; } $sha1->add($data,...) The $data provided as argument are appended to the message we cal- culate the digest for.
		All these lines will have the same effect on the state of the $sha1 object: $sha1->add("a"); $sha1->add("b"); $sha1->add("c"); $sha1->add("a")->add("b")->add("c"); $sha1->add("a", "b", "c"); $sha1->add("abc"); $sha1->addfile($io_handle) The $io_handle will be read until EOF and its content appended to the message we calculate the digest for.
	www.chedong.com /phpMan.php/man/Digest::SHA1 (854 words)

	rootr.net : man : Digest::SHA1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Example: perl v5.8.6 2004-04-05 2 SHA1(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation SHA1(3) my $sha1 = Digest::SHA1->new; while (<>) { $sha1->add($_); print "Line $.: ", $sha1->clone->hexdigest, "\n"; } $sha1->add($data,...) The $data provided as argument are appended to the message we calculate the digest for.
		If it croaks it is unpre- dictable what the state of the $sha1 object will be in.
		It is probably wise to discard or reset the $sha1 object if this occurs.
	rootr.net /man/man/Digest::SHA1 (869 words)

	Inferno's KEYRING-SHA1(2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sha1, md4 and md5 are cryptographically secure hash functions that produce output called a message digest.
		Sha1 produces a 20-byte hash (SHA1dlen), md4 and md5 a 16-byte one (MD4len and MD5len).
		Ha is a string specifying the hash algorithm to use: sha, sha1, md4 or md5.
	www.vitanuova.com /inferno/man/2/keyring-sha1.html (359 words)

	SHA hash functions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Breaking SHA1 would not be possible without these powerful analytical techniques." [8] The authors have presented a collision for 58-round SHA-1, found with 2
		SHA-1 hashing has also been employed by many file sharing applications to link multiple sources for the same file, that may not have the same name, as well as to avoid matching nonidentical sources that may have the same name.
		Calculate md5 or sha1 hash of a string — Javascript implementation of MD5 and SHA1 by Pavel Pavlov.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/SHA1 (2211 words)

	sha1
		This program is fairly compatible with openssl sha1 (sha1(1)) and sha1sum (sha1sum(1)) installed on some unix systems and included with hashcash package so that a sha1 implementation is available for testing and scripting if those packages are missing.
		The sha1 program will hash the files given on the command line, or if no files are given it will hash the input fed to it on standard input.
		The output format is a list of SHA1 hashes in hex followed by the corresponding filenames, one per line.
	www.hashcash.org /docs/sha1-hashcash.html (437 words)

	RSA Security - Collisions for SHA0, MD5, HAVAL, MD4, and RIPEMD, but SHA1 Still Secure
		As a precaution, applications using a legacy hash function described as vulnerable should upgrade to the NIST-approved SHA1 or SHA2 family of algorithms (RSA Laboratories suggested a migration to SHA1 in 1996).
		Applications using SHA1 do not appear to be at risk, but conservatively, developers may also consider planning an upgrade to the SHA2 family in the next few years.
		SHA0 is a prior version of the SHA1 algorithm commonly used today; SHA0 was quickly retracted by the NSA once security flaws were noted shortly after the algorithm was issued.
	www.rsasecurity.com /rsalabs/node.asp?id=2738 (1191 words)

	TCLLIB - Tcl Standard Library: sha1
		The SHA1 algorithm is related to the MD4 algorith (2) but has been strengthend against certain types of cryptographic attack.
		SHA1 should be used in preference to MD4 or MD5 in new applications.
		For the programmer, the SHA1 hash can be viewed as a bucket into which one pours data.
	tcllib.sourceforge.net /doc/sha1.html (567 words)

	SHA1 (jMule: a Java massive parallel file sharing client) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		There can be as many SHA1 objects as you want to have multiple calculations same time.
		The message can be passed in one or a sequenze of parts wrapped in a ByteBuffer to the update of the same SHA1 instance.
		Resets the SHA1 to initial state for a new message digest calculation.
	jmule.sourceforge.net /doc/javadoc/org/jmule/util/SHA1.html (246 words)

	SHA1 using SIMD techniques
		SHA1 is rather unique among message digests in that it has an excessive amount of parallelism available.
		Upon analysis of the SHA1 specification it was discovered that a portion of the computation is very well suited to a SIMD architecture such as IA32 with SSE2.
		The remainder of the calculation is performed in ALU hardware as it is in a traditional SHA1 implementation.
	arctic.org /~dean/crypto/sha1.html (1248 words)

	RFC 2523 (rfc2523)
		SHA1 Hash SHA1 [FIPS-180-1] is used as a pseudo-random-function for generating the key(s).
		SHA1 is iterated as needed to generate the requisite length of key material.
		As described in [RFC-2522] "Identity Verification", the Verification field value is the SHA1 [FIPS-180-1] hash over the concatenation of: SHA1(key, keyfill, data, datafill, key, mdfill) where the key is the computed verification-key.
	www.cse.ohio-state.edu /cgi-bin/rfc/rfc2523.html (4015 words)

	[No title]
		Performance Preliminary results indicate that SHA1 is 62% as fast as MD5, and 80% as fast as DES hashing.
		That is, there are no known attacks on SHA1 or any of its components that are better than brute force, and the 160- bit hash size of SHA1 is substantially more resistant to brute force attacks than the 128-bit hash size of MD4 and MD5.
		However, as the flaw in the original SHA1 algorithm shows, cryptographers are fallible, and there may be substantial deficiencies yet to be discovered in the algorithm.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc2841.txt (1312 words)

	ASPAlliance.com : The #1 ASP.NET Developer Community : Encrypting passwords with SHA1 in .NET and Java (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1) is a standard hash algorithm adopted by the United States as a Federal Information Processing Standard.
		SHA1 is said to be secure since it computationally infeasible to reverse the process to discover the original message from the digest.
		The task that led me to writing this article was to be able to produce the same SHA message digest from Java and.NET for two systems that would need to share these digests for authenticating users.
	authors.aspalliance.com /thycotic/articles/view.aspx?id=2 (726 words)

	SHA1 concerns and implementing SHA256 and beyond
		Schnier and Keith Brown have both been saying for awhile we should avoid SHA1 and go with SHA256 or SHA512.
		Obviously, there are a lot of solutions already built using SHA1, and since these are one-way hashes, you can't easily "decrypt" a value to get the original value back.
		One reason MD5 (also broken last summer) and SHA1 were so popular was because they were fast, much faster than the later variations (called SHA-2 implementations).
	weblogs.asp.net /rhurlbut/archive/2005/02/23/379030.aspx (813 words)

	search.cpan.org: Digest::SHA1 - Perl interface to the SHA-1 algorithm
		This function will concatenate all arguments, calculate the SHA-1 digest of this "message";, and return it in binary form.
		Same as sha1(), but will return the digest in hexadecimal form.
		Same as sha1(), but will return the digest as a base64 encoded string.
	search.cpan.org /perldoc/Digest::SHA1 (811 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		NAME sha1 - Secure Hash Algorithm (version 1) hash function SYNOPSIS hash files: sha1 [ files ] DESCRIPTION This is an implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm version 1 as defined in US Federal Information Processing Standard "FIPS 180-1".
		EXAMPLES Hashing files "sha1 file1 file2 [...]" Hashes the files listed on the command line and outputs their SHA1 message digests as 40 hexadecimal digits, followed by the filename, one per line.
		Verifying Hashcash The SHA1 hash function is used by hashcash.
	www.cypherspace.org /adam/hashcash/binaries/win32/docs/sha1.txt (379 words)

	[No title]
		One approach might be to define SHA1 in terms of bit operations where Ak_j is the j-th bit of value A on round k, and xk_j is the j-th bit of input xk and include all of the 32 bit carries, rotations, xor, or, and negations in that overall equation set.
		The fact that SHA1 encodes the length of the input that is hashed in the last 64 bits (Merkle-Damgard stengthening) will prevent you from successfully using this trick to find collisions with the whole SHA1.
		So, while the intermediate state of SHA1 after processing a or ax will be the same, their final hashes will have to be different, because the two input messages aren't the same size.
	www.cypherspace.org /adam/sha1int/readme.txt (2751 words)

	Sam Ruby: Secure Hash Algorithm 1
		PHP does not have sha1() in its core, but in its ext/standard module.
		Whether or not you want to build your PHP with the standard module is another story, but the SHA1 code is not in PHP's core, the Zend Engine.
		You've demostrated that PHP is the best language for writing a one line program which outputs an sha1 hash of a trivial string.
	www.intertwingly.net /blog/1545.html (527 words)

	sha1
		PT 22-Feb-2005: While this is true it is not really a major problem for the application of SHA1 at this time.
		At this time it is possible to obtain collisions in SHA1 in 269 operations which is some orders of magnitude less than the 280 hash operations that is the amount of work required for a brute force attack.
		During testing of tcllib's sha1 2.0 it was discovered that the version 1 package had an error in the HMAC-SHA1 function for keys that require hashing (longer that 64 bytes).
	wiki.tcl.tk /2509 (531 words)

	RFC 2841 - IP Authentication using Keyed SHA1 with Interleaved Padding (IP-MAC). P. Metzger, W. Simpson.
		RFC 2841 AH SHA1 IP-MAC November 2000 The size and position of the output are negotiated as part of the key management.
		RFC 2841 AH SHA1 IP-MAC November 2000 Then, the filled data is concatenated with (immediately followed by) the original variable length key again.
		RFC 2841 AH SHA1 IP-MAC November 2000 Contacts Comments about this document should be discussed on the photuris@adk.gr mailing list.
	rfc.sunsite.dk /rfc/rfc2841.html (1281 words)

	PHP: sha1 - Manual
		It should be noted that sha1("") does not return an empty string.
		The use of sha1() also prevents strange symbols or spaces in the folderpath messing up the ID, and makes sure the ID has a constant size regardless the length of the path.
		Use $sha1 if you want to display which is being used.
	us3.php.net /sha1 (1393 words)

	Generating Forms Authentication Compatible Passwords (SHA1)
		SHA1 gives a quick and easy way to encode a password into a non-human readable form.
		This means it is safer to store in a database, and should the database be viewed by anyone who shouldn't know the passwords, it will be much more difficult for them to work out what a user's password is.
		We also have an additional step to take in converting the SHA1 hash from binary into a Hexadecimal string, which is the format used in FormsAuthentication.
	stardeveloper.com /articles/display.html?article=2003062001&page=1 (539 words)

	Zvon - RFC 2841 [IP Authentication using Keyed SHA1 with Interleaved Padding (IP-MAC)] - Introduction
		This specification describes the AH use of keys with the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA1) [FIPS-180-1].
		Discussion: Although truncation of the output for alignment purposes may appear to reduce the effectiveness of the algorithm, some analysts of attack verification suggest that this may instead improve the overall robustness [PO95a].
		Preliminary results indicate that SHA1 is 62% as fast as MD5, and 80% as fast as DES hashing.
	www.zvon.org /tmRFC/RFC2841/Output/chapter1.html (385 words)

	SSLeay 0.9.0b docs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		SHA1 is a message digest algorithm that can be used to condense an arbitrary length message down to a 20 byte hash.
		Since SHA1 processes data in 16-byte blocks, the data subfield is used to keep 'leftover' data from one SHA1_Update to the next, buffering it until the last of it is used with padding as needed during the SHA1_Final call.
		SHA1() is a convenience routine that calls SHA1_Init(), SHA1_Update() and then SHA1_Final().
	www.umich.edu /~x509/ssleay/sha-1.html (323 words)

	Linux: SHA1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		SHA1() computes the SHA-1 message digest of the n bytes at d and places it in md (which must have space for SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH == 20 bytes of output).
		SHA1() returns a pointer to the hash value.
		SHA1(), SHA1_Init(), SHA1_Update() and SHA1_Final() are available in all versions of SSLeay and OpenSSL.
	www.linuxforum.com /man/SHA1.3.php (284 words)

	SANS - Internet Storm Center - Cooperative Cyber Threat Monitor And Alert System
		New MyDoom Variation; SHA1; an increase in port scanning on ports 137 and 445; port 41523 captures
		Reports of the demise of the SHA1 hashing algorithm are abound today.
		Your applications that depend on SHA1 (or MD5 for that matter) are still going to work and protect your data for the most part.
	isc.sans.org /diary.php?date=2005-02-16 (471 words)

	MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 Hash class article.
		MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 Hash class article.
		I (David Cumps) cannot be held responsible for any damage what-so-ever that might come from this blog.
		I've used this in a small project a while ago to hash passwords and it has proven really usefull.
	weblogs.asp.net /cumpsd/archive/2004/02/28/81518.aspx (251 words)

	Financial Cryptography: Collision Search Attacks on SHA1 - the Shandong note
		Examples are given of _reduced rounds in SHA1_ which is not the real SHA1.
		The note on the SHA1 attack from the team from Shandong - Xiaoyun Wang, Yiqun Lisa Yin, Hongbo Yu - is now available in PDF.
		In particular, our analysis is built upon the original differential attack on SHA0, the near collision attack on SHA0, the multi-block collision techniques, as well as the message modification techniques used in the collision search attack on MD5.
	www.financialcryptography.com /mt/archives/000357.html (1829 words)

	Sha1
		This module allows you to convert user input, eg a password, into the SHA1 digest of that input.
		This means the password itself need never be transmitted across the network - only the SHA1 digest need be transmitted.
		To enable the module, use a submit button with an onClick event handler that calls a Javascript function which converts your CGI password field's value into the SHA1 digest of that value.
	savage.net.au /Perl-modules/html/Javascript/SHA1.html (237 words)

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