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	Facts about topic: (SIMD) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The main difference between SIMD and DSP is that DSPs were complete processors with their own (often difficult to use) instruction set, whereas SIMD designs rely on the general-purpose portions of the CPU to handle the program details, and the SIMD instructions handle the data manipulation only.
		The first use of SIMD instructions was in vector supercomputers (additional info and facts about vector supercomputers) and was especially popularized by Cray (additional info and facts about Cray) in the 1970s.
		The lack of SIMD on many processors a particular application would run on also made it impractical to support for many developers, and the lack of support in the compilers meant that supporting it often required assembly language (A low-level programing language; close approximation to machine language) coding.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/si/simd3.htm (1334 words)

	Summary of SIMD architectures and algorithms and applications SIMD ( (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This was used because SIMD implies that a central unit fetches, interprets the instructions, and then broadcasts appropriate control signals to a number of processors which are in a lock state.
		SIMD processors will provide the additional computational throughput necessary to support the use of existing techniques such as collision detection and object physics on more complex objects and movements; and on emerging techniques such as forward-kinematics and inverse-kinematics, which improve the motion realism exhibited by both rigid and so embodies in an application.
		This new MM SIMD thechnique growing in popularity on general purpose multiprocessors (GPMs) is based on the packaging of large, usually 64-bit, registers with smaller datatypes of ususally 8-bits, 16-bits, or 32-bits.
	ouray.cudenver.edu /~adsreeni/simdarchisumm.htm (2075 words)

	[No title]
		SIMD implies that a central unit fetches and interprets the instructions and then broadcasts appropriate control signals to a number of processors operating in lock step.
		SIMD is alive because it provides more performance per dollar for a vast collection of pleasantly parallel problems that are of considerable interest to the scientific computation, embedded control, and database communities.
		SIMD is also ailing because it is approaching scalability limits (in terms of interfacing, clock distribution, and synchronous communications) and implies large incremental expansion steps in its current implementations.
	tab.computer.org /tcca/NEWS/AUG95/PARHAMI.TXT (1973 words)

	SIMD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In SIMD computers the same operation is performed on different vector elements concurrently, which is useful for manipulating large vectors and matrices in less time than could be done sequentially.
		The main application areas for SIMD computers include: image processing, weather prediction, and cancer radiation research as well as other scientific applications in which the input data will be in terms of vectors or matrices.
		Another true SIMD (shared memory) architecture is designed with a configurable association between the PEs and the memory modules (M).
	carbon.cudenver.edu /csprojects/CSC5551/StudentWeb/Parallel_Programming_Group/simd.html (907 words)

	Introduction to the Streaming SIMD Extensions in the Pentium III: Part I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		MMX and SSE, both of which are instruction sets that have been added to existing architectures, share the concept of SIMD, but they differ in the data types they handle, and in the way they are supported in the processor.
		If we classify the SIMD floating point instructions based on how the data to be manipulated is stored, we have two broad categories: instructions operating on packed data and instructions operating on scalar data.
		In practice, SIMD instructions should be able to roughly double the efficiency of the operations.
	www.x86.org /articles/sse_pt1/simd1.htm (1649 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-12172003-084004
		SIMD parallelism offers a high performance and efficient execution approach for today's broad range of portable multimedia consumer products.
		For an efficient storage usage by memory design space exploration in embedded SIMD systems, an analysis method for assessing storage needs and costs of a given application automatically retargeted across a spectrum of storage configuration designs was developed.
		Using this technique, a SIMD processing element achieves optimal area and energy efficiency with a register file containing between 8 and 12 words for given workload.
	etd.gatech.edu /theses/available/etd-12172003-084004 (322 words)

	MacKiDo/Hardware/AltiVec (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		SIMD is a way to work with all the data at once (in parallel), which can make your computer far faster.
		The wider (larger) the data that SIMD can work on, the faster it is. In AltiVec's case it is 128 bits at a time, so it could do up to 6 red components at the same time.
		SIMD requires 307,200 pixels to be processed, but it works with 5.3 pixels at a time, and only requires 4 instructions for each pixel, for a total of 230,400 instructions having to be done.
	www.mackido.com /Hardware/AltiVecVsMMX.html (2537 words)

	Proceedings of the 8th USENIX Security Symposium, August 23-36, 1999, Washington, D.C.
		Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) machines is a class of parallel machines that are made of a large number of simple processors all executing in unison the same instruction sequence, each processor computing on a different data set.
		SIMD machines are currently out of vogue since SIMD machines perform poorly on applications that require complex decisions and applications that have complex data dependencies.
		The SIMD machine programming-model is very different from the conventional programming model, and it is hard to port applications that run on conventional machines to SIMD machines.
	www.usenix.org /publications/library/proceedings/sec99/full_papers/kedem/kedem_html (4143 words)

	SIMD Architectures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In this situation, the arithmetic units are slaves to the control unit.
		Another True SIMD architecture, is designed with a configurable association between the PE's and the memory modules(M).
		Pipelined SIMD architecture is composed of a pipeline of arithmetic units with shared memory.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /~galaghba/simd.html (450 words)

	Encyclopedia: Streaming SIMD Extensions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		SSE (Streaming SIMD Extensions) is a SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) instruction set designed by Intel, and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow!
		In computing, SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) is a set of operations for efficiently handling large quantities of data in parallel, as in a vector processor or array processor.
		Of the 70, 50 are SIMD for floating point, 12 are for SIMD integer, and the remaining eight are cacheability instructions.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Streaming-SIMD-Extensions (1250 words)

	SIMD - Single Instruction, Multiple Data
		SIMD is one of various ways of implementing parallelism in computer architectures.
		Low level image understanding tasks generally map very well to SIMD architectures because images consist of rectangular grids of pixels that are all processed the same way.
		Streaming SIMD Extensions is a new set of instructions that will be supported by all future Intel processors beginning with the Pentium® III processor.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/SIMD.asp (473 words)

	About SIMD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A SIMD system packs multiple data elements into a single register and performs the same calculation on all of them at the same time.
		SIMD is primarily a hardware register and datapath utilization optimization.
		SIMD extensions started appearing in microprocessors with HP's MAX2 and Sun's VS extensions in 1994.
	www.simdtech.org /home/about (199 words)

	Transit Note #95 Unifying FPGAs and SIMD Arrays
		SIMD arrays are commonly used for algorithms requiring regular, data-parallel computations where identical operations must be performed on a large set of data.
		SIMD arrays compromise in the spatial variation of instructions to allow a high rate of instruction dispatch.
		SIMD AEs were optimized for high throughput, and therefore for bit-serial operation.
	www.cs.caltech.edu /research/ic/transit/tn95/tn95.html (5350 words)

	Using Streaming SIMD Extensions on Itanium(R) Architecture
		Because Itanium instructions treat the Streaming SIMD Extensions registers in the same way whether you are using packed or scalar data, there is no __m32 data type to represent scalar data.
		Streaming SIMD Extensions intrinsics are defined for the __m128 data type, a 128-bit quantity consisting of four single-precision FP values.
		Many of the Streaming SIMD Extensions intrinsics for Itanium-based systems were created for compatibility with existing IA-32 intrinsics and not for performance.
	www.ncsa.uiuc.edu /UserInfo/Resources/Hardware/XeonCluster/Doc/Intel_8.0.044/c_ug/comm1032.htm (550 words)

	Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		SIMD 2004 is presented at data zone level, enabling small pockets of deprivation to be identified.
		The SIMD Summary Technical Report which provides a clear overview of the methodology used to develop the SIMD 2004 and presents some Local Authority level summary results is available at www.scotland.gov.uk/SIMD2004Report.
		A guidance leaflet outlining how the SIMD 2004 can and can’t be used can be found at: www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/government/glsimd-00.asp.
	www.scotland.gov.uk /stats/simd2004 (391 words)

	Extending Static Synchronization Beyond SIMD and VLIW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Motivated by the inadequacy of the SIMD and MIMD labels in describing the properties of VLIW, we propose a classification based on the contiguous spectrum of properties between SIMD and MIMD.
		This spectrum is based on the concept of SIMD differing from MIMD in that SIMD places more constraints on the parallelism structures which the hardware is able to execute, yet it is superior to traditional MIMD models in that there is no runtime synchronization cost.
		Hence, as a SIMD has a control processor which is responsible for generating enable masks, an SBM or DBM machine incorporates a barrier processor whose sole responsibility to to generate the sequence of processor subsets for barrier synchronization.
	dynamo.ecn.purdue.edu /~hankd/CARP/TREE88_25/paper.html (6196 words)

	Into The Fray With SIMD
		In a 128-bit SIMD processor, four 32-bit pixels could be packed into one 128-bit word and all four pixels could be processed simultaneously.
		MMX2 not only adds several new SIMD Integer instructions to bolster the original MMX instruction set, it more importantly adds a set of SIMD Floating Point instructions which operate on a new set of eight 128 bit (16 byte) XMM registers.
		Since there is some overhead in using SIMD processing in the loading and unloading of the vectors, having to do it more often in various algorithm is a performance hit.
	www.cs.umd.edu /class/fall2001/cmsc411/projects/SIMDproj/project.html (3856 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The key to the GPM SIMD performance increase is the ability of the GPM SIMD chips to execute operations on 64-bit registers packed with multiple data elements.
		The SIMD techniques employed on each architecture and the effectiveness of the technique is dependent on the processor architecture and a number of other major factors summarized in the next section.
		Although the SIMD technique is a powerful way to achieve parallelism, hardware pipelines, cache sizes, branch prediction techniques and multiple execution units can have a very significant impact on the ability of a particular architectures to effectively utilize the SIMD technique.
	www.crle.uoguelph.ca /users/chris/reportC.html (4356 words)

	SIMD/MIMD
		SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) is a technique to enhance the processing power of computers.
		SIMD Architectures CSC 6551 and Parallelism, Communication and Synchronization in Computer Architectures give more information.
		SIMD Processors is a large collection of links to various SIMD processors.
	ouray.cudenver.edu /~sfhopkin/simd.htm (269 words)

	SIMD instructions in MP3 Encoding
		It is because all manufacturers at that time were sailing in one boat simultaneously applying new instructions (though AMD and Cyrix were in a little delay).
		But between releases of the K6-2 and the Pentium III Intel's fans said that floating point SIMD instructions were not of great use, though their opinion changed with arrival of the SSE: their advantages were acknowledged, contrary to the 3D Now!
		The most important thing is that optimization for floating point SIMD instructions provides the same quality along with a considerable acceleration of encoding; this is what it differs in from the speed optimization in the Lame and other similar software.
	www.digit-life.com /articles/simd1task (1551 words)

	Distributed-memory SIMD machines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Figure 3 might suggest that all processors in such systems are connected in a 2-D grid and indeed, the interconnection topology of this type of machines always includes the 2-D grid.
		It is possible to exclude processors in the array from executing an instruction on certain logical conditions, but this means that for the time of this instruction these processors are idle (a direct consequence of the SIMD type operation) which immediately lowers the performance.
		Another factor that may adversely affect the speed occurs when data required by processor i resides in the memory of processor j (in fact, as this occurs for all processors at the same time this effectively means that data will have to be permuted across the processors).
	www.top500.org /ORSC/1998/dm-simd.html (908 words)

	Hardware - SIMD Executive Summary
		SIMD units are present on all G4, G5 or Pentium 3/4/M class processors.
		SIMD offers greater flexibility and opportunities for better performance in video, audio and communications tasks which are increasingly important for applications.
		SIMD typically works best for that 10% of the application that consumes 80% of your CPU time -- these functions typically have heavy computational and data loads, two areas where SIMD excels.
	developer.apple.com /hardware/ve/summary.html (755 words)

	[No title]
		Finally, the fact that the SIMD adder and multiplier are independent and on two different ports, the PIII can dispatch a 64-bit add and a 64-bit multiply at the same time.
		So any "128-bit SIMD computation" that it does is purely the result of using two 64-bit instructions in parallel.
		Another big difference between the Athlon's SIMD implementation and the PIII's is that the Athlon has two, independent, fully-pipelined floating-point functional units, and both of them do double duty as SIMD FUs.
	arstechnica.com /articles/paedia/cpu/simd.ars/5 (962 words)

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